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ST Notes15 Virtual Work Method

The document presents the virtual work method or unit load method for calculating beam deflections. It provides the moment equations due to applied load systems P and Q. The method involves integrating the product of the moment equations due to each load system over the length of the beam segments. An example calculation is shown to find the deflection at midspan of a concrete beam with non-prismatic cross section when subjected to a distributed load. The solution involves dividing the beam into segments, setting the moment sums to zero at the joints, determining the moment equations for each segment, and integrating their product to find the midspan deflection.

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John Feil Jimenez
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75 views2 pages

ST Notes15 Virtual Work Method

The document presents the virtual work method or unit load method for calculating beam deflections. It provides the moment equations due to applied load systems P and Q. The method involves integrating the product of the moment equations due to each load system over the length of the beam segments. An example calculation is shown to find the deflection at midspan of a concrete beam with non-prismatic cross section when subjected to a distributed load. The solution involves dividing the beam into segments, setting the moment sums to zero at the joints, determining the moment equations for each segment, and integrating their product to find the midspan deflection.

Uploaded by

John Feil Jimenez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VIRTUAL WORK METHOD or UNIT LOAD METHOD

(by John Bernoulli)

y = Σ∫ MpMq dx Mp, Mq = moment equation due to P and Q system, respectively


EI E = modulus of elasticity of the material (MPa)
I = moment of inertia of the beam section (mm4)

Ө =Σ ∫ MpMq dx Note:
EI In deflection, a unit force is applied at the point where deflection is
needed. In slope, a unit moment is applied.

Example.
Find the deflection (mm) at midspan of the concrete beam. Use E=200,000 MPa and assume
beam is non - prismatic (EI is not constant).

12 mm
w=20 kN/m
300 mm
10mm
12 mm
I 2I 250mm
3m 3m Beam section

Soln:

P- System Q-System
60
20 kN/m 1 unit

A B C A B C

0 3m 3m x 0 3m yB 3m x
x
45 Rc = 15 0.5 x 0.5

ΣM@A = 0
Rc(6) = 60(1.5)
Rc = 15 kN

Segment AB (0<x<3)

20x x/2

Mp Mq
0 0

x x
45 0.5

ΣM@o=0:
Mp + 20x(x/2) = 45(x) Mq =0.5(x)
Mp = 45x -10x2 Mq = 0.5x

MpMq = (45x-10x2)(0.5x)
= 22.5x2 – 5x3

Segment BC (0<x<3)
ΣM@o=0:
Mp = 15(x) Mq =0.5(x)

MpMq = (15x)(0.5x)
= 7.5x2
Subst:
y = Σ∫ MpMq dx
EI

=∫ +∫
)
=∫ +∫

= [ ] + [ ]

= ( )– (0)

= (202.5 – 101.25 + 33.75)

= kNm3 1 unit (deflection is downward)

E = 200x103 MPa (N/mm2)


250
I = Ibr – Isr(2) 12
= bh3 – bh3(2) 324
12 12 NA 300
= 250(324)3 – 120(300)3(2)
12 12 12
= 708.59x106 – 540.00x106
120 10 120
6 4
= 168.59x10 mm

EI = flexural rigidity
= (200x103)(168.59x106) N mm4
mm2
13 2
= 3.37x10 Nmm
= 3.37x104 kNm2

Subst:
ym = 135x1012 Nmm3
3.37x1013 Nmm2
= 4.01 mm ans.

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