SPECIAL PROGRAM IN
SPORTS
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
(Understanding Biomechanics)
SPECIAL PROGRAM IN SPORTS
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Understanding Biomechanics
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Hilda O. Go
Editors: Arlene H. Dela Torre
Reviewers: Arlene H. Dela Torre
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Marilyn B. Siao
Roberto N. Mangaliman
Ma. Luz I. Orbe
Cecilia A. Arga
Arlene H. Dela Torre
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – Schools Division of Catbalogan City
Office Address: Purok 4, Barangay Payao, Catbalogan City
Facebook Page: fb.com/CatbaloganCityDivision
E-mail Address: depedcatbalogancitydivision15@gmail.com
What I Need to Know
Biomechanics in sport incorporates a detailed analysis of sport movements
in order to minimize the risk of injury and improve sports performance. Sport and
exercise biomechanics encompasses the area of science concerned with the
analysis of the mechanics of human movement [1 Sport biomechanics is the science
of explaining how and why the human body moves in the way that it does. In sport
and exercise, that definition is often extended to also consider the interaction
between the performer and their equipment and environment. ]
This module will help you develop insight into your own knowledge and
understanding of concepts related to the lesson.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
➢ Explains how movement’s analysis can be used to prevent injuries.
MELC-Based Learning Competency/ies
➢ Understand how biomechanics is used to improve technique
What I Know
Directions: CHOOSE the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. It is the science of movement of a living body, including how muscles, bones,
tendons, and ligaments work together to produce movement.
a. Biomechanics b. kinesiology c. biomechanical d. tendons
2. It is the study of the mechanics of body movements.
a. Biomechanics b. kinesiology c. biomechanical d. tendons
3. These are bands of tough, elastic connective tissue that surround a joint to give
support and limit the joint’s movement.
a. Tendons b. ligaments c. bones d. muscles
4. Tissues which contract together to produce a force.
a. Tendons b. ligaments c. bones d. muscles
5. Protect the various organs of the body, produced red and white blood cells, store
minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
a. Tendons b. ligaments c. bones d. muscles
6. It is one type of athletic injuries where usually a result of a single traumatic event
within the last five days.
a. Acute b. overuse c. chronic d. contusions
7. A common injury that results by stretching or tearing of ligaments.
a. Strain b. dislocation c. tear d. sprain
8. It is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon-a cord of tissue connecting muscle
to bone.
a. Strain b. dislocation c. tear d. sprain
9. The following are the best ways to prevent from any injuries EXCEPT…
a. Strengthen muscles c. use the proper technique
b. increase flexibility d. Do not play through pain
10. It is an injury that results the inflammation of a tendon, often due to overuse.
a. tendinitis b. dislocation c. tear d. sprain
11. Study what causes motion, the forces, and moments at work.
a. Dynamic b. kinetic c. static d. kinematics
12. Describing the effect of forces on a system, motion patterns including linear and
angular changes in velocity over time as well as position, displacement,
velocity, and acceleration are studied.
a. dynamic b. kinetic c. static d. kinematics
13. Studying systems that are in equilibrium, either at rest or moving at a constant velocity
a. dynamic b. kinetic c. static d. kinematics
14. Studying systems that are in motion with acceleration and deceleration.
a. dynamic b. kinetic c. static d. kinematics
What’s In
Identify the following positions shown below.
➢ What does these pictures tells you?
➢ Do you think it is helpful to do the
same thing before doing any sports
events?
➢ What do you think will happen to
you if you will not execute correctly?
➢
➢ Do you think that stretching
involves science? If yes, what
discipline it is?
What’s New
WORD STORM: Write down the words that come to your mind when you see
or encounter this word BIOMECHANICS
BIOMECHANICS
What is It
Biomechanics – What it is and Why It’s Important?
What is biomechanics? Why is it
important and applicable in all sports?
How will it help improve your game and
overall well-being? These are a few of the
questions I’ll be answering in this primer
on sports biomechanics…
BIOMECHANICS - It is the science of movement of a living body, including how muscles,
bones, tendons, and ligaments work together to produce movement.
Biomechanics is part of the larger field of kinesiology, specifically focusing on the
mechanics of the movement. It is both a basic and applied science, encompassing research and
practical use of its findings.
Biomechanics includes not only the structure of bones and muscles and the movement
they can produce, but also the mechanics of blood circulation, renal function, and other body
functions. The American Society of Biomechanics says that biomechanics represents the broad
interplay between mechanics and biological systems.
WHAT ARE THE KEY AREAS THAT BIOMECHANICS FOCUSES ON?
• Dynamics: Studying systems that are in motion with
acceleration and deceleration
• Kinematics: Describing the effect of forces on a
system, motion patterns including linear and angular
changes in velocity over time as well as position,
displacement, velocity, and acceleration are studied.
• Kinetics: Studying what causes motion, the forces,
and moments at work
• Statics: Studying systems that are in equilibrium,
either at rest or moving at a constant velocity
How can biomechanics be used in sports?
Sports biomechanics is a subfield within biomechanics and
is its own branch of human and biological science.
Essentially sport and exercise biomechanics is focused on
analysing the physiological mechanics of human
movement. This includes analysis of how forces interact
and the effects these forces have on and within the body.
In other words, biomechanics in sports examines and
explains why and how the human body moves like it does.
In a sport like tennis this also includes the interplay
between an athlete, their environment and the equipment.
Generally the primary goals of sports biomechanics are:
➢ Improve athletic performance by identifying and applying optimal technique.
➢ Prevent injury and speed up recovery.
Improving Performance
The science of improving our
performance involves neuromuscular
skills, physiological capabilities,
cognitive abilities and anatomical
factors. Of course, it is hard to go
through all of these. Well, biomechanics
offer a simplified understanding onto
how we can improve our performance by
understanding the science of our movements.
Most professionals prescribe the use of techniques and instructions of
biomechanics in improving performance. According to Knudson (2007), biomechanics
is most useful in improving the performance of an athlete through improving the
technique rather than relying on physiological capacity and physical built. Therefore,
human movement is the most important contributor to performance.
Biomechanics can help in improving performance is integrating it in exercise
and conditioning programs. Biomechanics was used by experts in developing exercise
programs and training devices to improve performance. Strength and conditioning
professionals apply the principle of biomechanics in training athletes. Biomechanics
research also leads to the development of new techniques.
How can we prevent and Treat Injuries?
Experiencing an injury in any sports is impossible to avoid,
but it has been found new ways that may be able to reduce the
amount of occurrences. The studies are led by analysing
biomechanics, which is designed to simplify the way we
understand the motion of the human body. Biomechanics has
been found highly effective in preventing injuries, but how?
Biomechanics is useful in promoting movement safety and
injury prevention. . According to Knudson (2007), biomechanics
provide knowledge on the mechanical properties of tissues,
muscles, and bones that will help coaches and trainers in
providing preventive measures and rehabilitative therapies.
Biomechanics helps professionals in clinical settings to
determine the extent of injury and to monitor progress during
rehabilitation. Many sports medicine programs have specific
evaluation and diagnostic systems for identification of
musculoskeletal problems. The physical therapist and athletic
trainer analysing walking gait or an orthopaedic surgeon
evaluating function after surgery all use biomechanics to help inform decisions about
human movement.
HOW BIOMECHANICS APPLIED TO IMPROVE TECHNIQUES?
Most common
method for improving
performance in many
sports is to improve an
athlete’s technique. This is
highlighted here as one
motivation for studying
biomechanics, and it is
probably what you thought
of when asked of how bio
mechanism goes about
trying to improve an
athlete’s performance.
The application of biomechanics to improve technique may occur in two ways.
1. Correct actions of a student or athlete in order to improve the
execution of skill or biomechanics.
2. Use qualitative biomechanical analysis methods to discover new
techniques.
What’s More
IS IT TRUE OF FALSE?
Direction: Read each statement carefully an place letter T on the line if you think the
statement is True and place F on the line if you think the statement is False.
_______ Sports biomechanics studies human motion during exercise and sports.
______ Physics and the laws of mechanics are applied to athletic performance.
_______ Biomechanics cannot be applied to studying the causes, treatment, and
prevention of
sports injuries.
_______ Biomechanics can study sports techniques and training systems and develop
ways to
make them more efficient.
_______ Forces causes movements.
What I Have Learned
Activity: TESTING YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1. What did I learn about biomechanics?
__________________________________________________
2. What is more interesting about the topic?
__________________________________________________
3. How can biomechanics prevent from injury?
What I Can Do
Activity: On My Own
In this activity, you are given the opportunity to share your personal thoughts
and ideas by answering the followings questions below. (minimum of 50 words)
1. As an athlete, what can you do to prevent injuries occurring while playing your
sport?
2. What makes an athlete frequently get injured?
Assessment
Directions: Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct answer from the
box. Do this in your answer sheet.
Dynamics Kinematics Biomechanics Tendinitis Force
Injuries Training Kinetics Acute Strain
1. Studying systems that are in motion with acceleration and deceleration
2. It is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon-a cord of tissue connecting muscle to
bone.
3. Describing the effect of forces on a system, motion patterns including linear
and angular changes in velocity over time as well as position, displacement,
velocity, and acceleration are studied.
4. It is the science of movement of a living body, including how muscles, bones,
tendons, and ligaments work together to produce movement.
5. t is an injury that results the inflammation of a tendon, often due to overuse.
6. Is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.
It can cause an object with mass to change its velocity, to accelerate. It can
be also described as push or pull.
7. Biomechanics can be applied to studying the causes, treatment, and
prevention of sports injuries. The research can analyse the forces at work
that can lead to an ankle sprain and how shoe design or the playing surface
might reduce the risk of injury.
8. Biomechanics can study sports techniques and training systems and
develop ways to make them more efficient.
9. Studying what causes motion, the forces, and moments at work.
10. It is one type of athletic injuries where usually a result of a single traumatic event
within the last five days.
Additional Activities
In 2-3 paragraphs, write your thoughts about the question, “How
biomechanics applies in your daily activities?
Answer Key
Assessment What I Know
1. Dynamics 1. a 11. b
2. Strain 2. b 12. d
3. Kinematics 3. b 13. c
4. Biomechanics 4. d 14. a
5. Tendinitis 5. c 15. b
6. Force 6. a What’s New
7. Injuries 7. d 1. kinesiology
8. Training 8. a 2. training
9. Kinetics 9. d 3. Force
10. Acute 10. a 4. velocity
5. speed
What’s More
1. T 4. T
2. T 5.T
3. F
References
https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+biomechanics%3F&oq=what+is+biomechanics%3F&aqs=
chrome..69i57j0l7.13816j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=biomechanical+activities&oq=biomechanical&aqs=chrome.1.69i5
7j69i59.5579j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=how+biomechanics+is+used+to+improve+technique&oq=how+bio
mechanic&aqs=chrome.0.69i59j69i57j0l6.10065j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
Prepared and submitted by;
HILDA O. GO
SPS Teacher/Coach
