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Ejector Working Principle

The ejector uses the pressure energy of a motive fluid to create a vacuum, sucking a suction fluid toward a mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber, the fluids combine and accelerate before passing through a diffuser, where the velocity energy converts back to pressure energy. This allows the ejector to compress the suction fluid using only the motive fluid pressure, with no moving parts. Ejectors are commonly used for vacuum applications and can handle various fluids, making them low-cost, reliable, and easy to maintain vacuum devices.

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Rahul Chandrawar
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4K views3 pages

Ejector Working Principle

The ejector uses the pressure energy of a motive fluid to create a vacuum, sucking a suction fluid toward a mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber, the fluids combine and accelerate before passing through a diffuser, where the velocity energy converts back to pressure energy. This allows the ejector to compress the suction fluid using only the motive fluid pressure, with no moving parts. Ejectors are commonly used for vacuum applications and can handle various fluids, making them low-cost, reliable, and easy to maintain vacuum devices.

Uploaded by

Rahul Chandrawar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ejector Working Principle

mechanicalengineeringsite.com/ejector-working-principle/

February 25, 2018

In this article, we will see the Ejector Working Principle

What is Ejector?
An ejector is a device used to suck the gas or vapour from the desired vessel or system.
An ejector is similar to an of vacuum pump or compressor. The major difference
between the ejector and the vacuum pump or compressor is it had no moving parts.
Hence it is relatively low-cost and easy to operate and maintenance free equipment.

Principle of Ejector
The operating principle of the ejector is the pressure energy in the motive fluid is
converted to velocity energy by an adiabatic expansion in the Converging/Diverging
Nozzle. Due to the pressure drop of the motive fluid, it will create a low-pressure zone
before the mixing chamber. Due to the low-pressure zone, the suction fluid will start to
move to toward it and mix with motive fluid in the mixing chamber. In mixed fluid
enter the diverging portion of the ejector where its velocity energy is converted into
Pressure energy.

Working of Ejector
The suction line of the ejector is connected to the vessel which is to the kept under low
pressure. With reference to the below figure, a high pressure motivating fluid enters at
“A” and expands through the converging-diverging nozzle to “ B“. The motive fluid will
create a vacuum in the mixing chamber refer the pressure curve where the pressure is
decreased and velocity is increased. Due to this suction fluid “C” (air or gas) from the
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connected vessel is moved toward the mixing chamber “D“. When the suction fluid
starts mix with the motive fluid in the mixing chamber. The velocity of the fluid at the
mixing chamber is approximately 600 to 900 metres per second.

Then the mixture travels through the diffuser “ E“, its velocity energy is converted into
pressure energy. Thereby the mixture gained higher pressure send to the atmosphere or
some closed system. Normally the discharge pressure will be 10 to 15 times of the
suction pressure.

Capacity of Ejectors
The capacity of an ejector is determined by its dimensions. By the required capacity is
very high then two or three ejectors are working in parallel. if greater compression is
required, two or more ejectors will be arranged in series.

Ejector Installation
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Ejectors may be installed at any orientation. However, it is very important to provide a
provision to remove the condensate or solid particles from the entrained gases of the
ejector. Since any condensed or solid particles may reduce throughput capacity of the
ejectors.

Hence it very important to provide a drain valve installed at low points can be either
manual or automatic float operated valves.

Another important thing to check during ejector installation is external loads(Piping


load) act on the ejectors. Since any misalignment will adversely affect the performance
of ejector.

Benefits of Ejector
Ejectors can be operated with many different motive fluids: steam, air, organic
vapour and other gases.
No moving parts, no lubrication, no vibration. Hence low maintenance cost when
to compare with other peer equipment.
Ejectors can be installed indoors or outdoors without restriction.
Can be installed at any orientation. Hence space requirement will be very low.
Initial cost is very less and no spares required.
Easy to handle corrosive and slugging liquids.

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