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Sunrise - 12 AB-unlocked
Sunrise - 12 AB-unlocked
The explanation
12
Dear all,
Activity Book
Activity Book
12
The above LOGO will be placed at the TOP in the LEFT
position of all FRONT COVERS of Sunrise Books. (As it's
shown).
Sunrise 6 SB
Welcome to Sunrise – a bright new look at English! As you see The Ministry removed the Kurdish script in it, it's
òìaŠ‡Žïq@õis@H2011
NSunrise a complete @H186Icourse
I@ôÜbEnglish @ô䆊br@õòŠbàˆ@çbØóïïn“ @óäbƒ jŽïnØ@ôn“
written especially for primary and @ômóîaŠói
secondaryòíŽîŠschool
ói@óÜ students. The course only English, and the size is smaller.
has a communicative approach, integrating listening, speaking, reading and writing, with a clear focus on grammar
structures. Sunrise 12 consolidates and extends work done in earlier grades and increases the emphasis on skills Let me know if something is not clear.
development and learner autonomy. Sunrise 6 AB
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Sunrise 1 TB
9780230727618_SUNRISE_AB12_COVER.idml 1 08/03/2011 12:08
Activity Book
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Student’s Book
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Kurdistan Regional Government
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Council of Ministers
Ministry of Education
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Nick Beare
9780230727618 Sunrise 12 AB 06.indd 1 25/02/2011 10:25
1
lessons
to n e w yo r k
Why not contact my cousin?
1&2
cutmoss crysuite ciliop
1 police officer
2 officer
3 officer
7 Hemin and I had a quick 3 You don’t know anyone in New York,
this morning, and he told me a bit about his
holiday. (conversation / discussion) 4 New York is a huge city,
8 Everyone who works here should meet one 5 You won’t get home until next week,
day and have a proper about
the future of our organization. (conversation / 6 There are people from all over the world at the
discussion) conference,
9 We had dinner at about 7.00 . 7 The conference isn’t going to begin today,
(last night / yesterday evening)
10 I turned off the TV and went to bed at 10.30 8 People have to go to the conference centre
. (last night / yesterday tomorrow morning,
evening)
9 You haven’t had time to explore New York yet,
11 I’ve just read an amazing
in this guidebook: the population of Greater
New York is around 20 million! (fact / 10 You can’t see Central Park from your hostel,
information)
12 This guidebook has lots of useful
, advice and suggestions
about things to do and places to see in New
York. (fact / information)
1 GRAMMAR: comparative and the world, but they also work and play
(6) (hard). About safety? Well,
superlative forms New York used to be very dangerous, but not now.
A Complete this part of an interview with Apart from Tokyo, I’d say it’s (7)
Helen. Use comparative forms. (safe) city I’ve ever known.’
‘I come from a little town
called Grass Valley out west in
Oregon. Life there couldn’t be 2 VOCABULARY: grammatical pairs
(1) more different from A Find verbs and nouns from the text on SB
(different from) the way it is page 6 to complete the pairs.
here. For a start, everything is
(2) verb noun noun noun
(a lot quiet) there, and life is 1 act action (thing) (person)
(3) 2 live 1 activity actor
(much busy than) it is here in New York. 3 entrance 2 immigration
People are also (4) 4 build 3 artist
(a lot friendly than) they are here. You see, 4 visit
5 attract
they take the time to talk to you and get to know
5 tour
you (5) (much well than)
people do here. Here, life is just a race
against time, day and night! And I have to say B Use grammatical pairs from A to complete the
most people back in Grass Valley seem following. Change the form where necessary.
(6) (a lot happy than)
people do here. I’d love to go back, but sadly 1 At drama school, young actors do all
there’s (7) (much little sorts of strange activities and exercises
work than) there is here in New York. So … I have to help them learn to act well.
to live in New York, but home for me will always 2 When first start to explore
be Grass Valley.’ New York, they often choose to ‘get the feel’ of
the city by taking a bus .
B Complete this part of an interview with Josh. 3 Old Tom has in a small house
Use superlative forms. on Staten Island all his .
4 New York is a great home to music, painting
‘I’ve lived in some of and all the other . You can see
(1) the biggest (big) cities the work of thousands of in
in the world, but for me there’s museums and many other places around the
nowhere else like New York. city.
It’s simply (2)
5 That office is quite new. It
(exciting) city on Earth, with
was just four years ago.
many of (3)
(good) theatres and music and 6 When crime first got very bad, the police did
fashion events you’ll ever find not quickly enough to stop
anywhere. It’s not perfect, of course. For example, it. But later, their gradually
it’s probably one of made the city a much safer place.
(4) (noisy) places in the world! 7 In recent years, has continued
And the people here? Well, they certainly talk and more and more have
(5) (loud) of anyone anywhere in been coming from Asia.
1 WRITING SKILLS
A Write the following as a conversation. Add the correct punctuation – capital letters, commas,
apostrophes, full stops, question marks and exclamation marks.
soon after azad arrived in america he called miss reilly hello she said and she asked about his journey
it all went very well thanks to you he replied I arrived last night
good she said and the conference starts tomorrow doesnt it
yes azad answered and im preparing now
but you arent giving your presentation tomorrow are you his teacher said
no azad agreed thats on tuesday but he went on theres lots of information to read
well yes miss reilly replied but you dont want to miss the chance to see new york do you what about
going over to central park later on she suggested
good idea azad agreed
B Look at the first part of the conversation on SB page 5 to check most of your
punctuation. Look at the Reference Section page 105 to check the quotation
marks.
2 WRITING
A Collect information about Azad from different parts of Unit 1 in your Student’s
Book to complete the Conference Members’ Form at the top of the next page.
B You are the conference organizer who will introduce Azad before he gives his
presentation. Use information from the first part of the completed Conference
Members’ Form to write a short paragraph. Start like this.
Hello, everyone, and thank you for coming to this presentation, which is on Kurdistan in
northern Iraq. I’d like you to welcome our speaker, Mr (full name) . He
is from (place) , and he is a (number) -grade student of (subject)
at (university/school) . I am
sure he has a lot to tell us about his part of the world that will be very interesting. And
the title of his presentation today is ‘ ’.
3 UNIT TASK
A Complete your own conference form.
1 Complete the personal details.
2 Make up your own presentation details and add these to the form. (Your presentation must be
related to Kurdistan.)
3 Choose your hostel from the ones in your Student’s Book page 9, Unit Task. Add the address and
phone number to the form.
B Take the part of the conference organizer who will introduce you before you give your
presentation. Use information from the first part of the form above to write a short paragraph.
Start as in 2B (the paragraph about Azad).
Hello, everyone, and thank you for coming to this presentation, which is going to be on Kurdistan in
northern Iraq. I’d like you to welcome our speaker,
Post Office
Azad
Azad Excuse me, but could you tell me the way to The Big Apple Hostel, please?
New Yorker Sure. First,
B You and four friends are thinking of things to do together on Friday. Write everyone’s names
and suggestions. Use different ways of making suggestions.
You
C Compare yourself with some of your friends. Write one comparative and one superlative form
for each of the following.
1 tall
2 artistic
3 play (game)
well
D Write things that you would like to tell a new friend about yourself.
1 Something special that you did at a young age:
When I ,I
2 Something special that you have just recently done:
Just recently, I
3 Something that you have been learning / trying to do for a long time:
For the last ,I
8
arrange crime district fashion found law liberty mile passport
publishing recover security shine suitcase treble visa woods youth
Arabic Art Biology Chemistry
Economics English Geography
(General) Science History IT
Kurdish Maths Religious Education
Sociology Sports
10
But listen, … If you’re not careful, … If you go on like this, … Sorry, but …
11
verb noun
1 organize organization
2 development
R4
3 decision (how many people (jump))
4 waste MW Thirty-three of us will all be jumping
together.
B Now use grammatical pairs from A to R5
complete the following. Change the form ((try) to hold hands as you fall)
where necessary.
MW Yes, we will be trying to form a large ring.
1 Has Dara which job to R6
take? // No, he’s still trying to make his (how long (stay) together like that)
. MW For as long as possible – until we have to
2 It’s a of time to sit here doing move away from each other and prepare to
nothing, and I hate time! land.
3 A university is a large , and to
work efficiently it has to its 3 GRAMMAR: too; (not) enough
activities well. Hank (H) and his Dad
4 Kurdistan wants economic , (D) are taking a holiday
and with its many new projects it is in Paris. Use the words
fast. in brackets to write
Dad’s replies. Add too
2 GRAMMAR: future continuous or not … enough.
Mark Wilde is talking to TV and newspaper 1 At the airport
reporters about his plans for a big team ‘sky dive’. H Look! I’ve bought all these guidebooks to read
Write the reporters’ questions for his answers. on the plane to Paris!
Use the words in brackets. D Oh, no! There are far too many to
R1 When will you be doing your jump? carry! (there (be) far / many (carry))
(when (do) your jump) H Don’t worry. They’ll be fine.
MW We will be doing it at this time tomorrow – D But we don’t have enough time to
if the weather is good. read them all. (we (not have) / time (read)
R2 them all)
(how high (go)) H Well, you can read half of them and I’ll read the
MW We will be going up to a height of 50,000 other half!
feet. 2 The first day in Paris
R3 H Let’s walk round the city all day today.
(where (do) your jump) D Sorry.
MW We will be doing it near Cape Canaveral, (I (be) / tired (do) that)
Florida. H Oh, come on, Dad!
12
4 VOCABULARY: networks
Use the following words to create a network about Kurdistan.
First, create these three sections: culture economy geography.
Then add these words: climate construction development farming festivals food language
location mountains music oil population rivers trade & transport traditional design
festivals
culture
KURDISTAN
13
B Turn the notes into Azad’s email report to Kate Reilly. (He wrote it just after the conversation.)
First, I suggested meeting on at 3.00, but Stella had a problem with
that because she has to
you / for / phone please / it / what / is / name help / how / you / I / may
moment / you / for / could / hold / a him / you / me / through / put / to / could
14
Receptionist I’m afraid we don’t have phones in the guests’ rooms. But wait, I know the person you
mean, and I can see him now in the entrance hall.
Stella Oh, great!
Receptionist
Stella Of course.
Receptionist I’ll call him over to the phone … Er,
Stella Stella Farrant.
Receptionist Mr Qadir! Mr Qadir!
3 WRITING
A Take the part of Dr Dale and write a short report
about Layla. Use material from SB page 13 and
page 17 to write a paragraph. Start like this.
Steve is right to tell Layla that she is too anxious.
If she goes on like this, she may burn out
,
just as Steve says. She therefore needs to do one or
two things differently. For example, I really think that
she . I also think
4 UNIT TASK
Write a paragraph about yourself and Dr Dale’s ideas. Start like this.
I was very interested to read Dr Dale’s ideas about getting organized. She offers a number of tips that
are very useful, including things that I have not thought about before.
On the positive side, I feel that I already do some of these things .
For example, I .
I also
.
However, it is also true that I
15
Q Dear Dr Sally,
7 : (n) a plan of activities or
events and when they will happen (heedlucs)
I have just been accepted to study engineering at 8 : (n) the scientific study of
my first-choice college. Of course, I am very pleased heat, light and other forms of energy and how
about that, and I keep telling myself that this time they move or change objects (scyphis)
next year I (1) a great time. 9 : (n) a printed piece of paper
However, that means studying (2) that is free and that gives information about
the age of five (3) the age of 24 something (felteal)
without a break! I feel I’ve been spending
(4) with books 10 : (n) one of the two periods
(5) . And I don’t of about 18 weeks that the school year
think I’ve had (6) consists of in some countries (stemseer)
develop as a person. So I keep wanting to do 11 : (n) a meeting or a class
something else for a while. (7) where a small group of people discuss a
something I can do about this? subject (minesar)
Ann Rees (18) 12 : (n) the study of social
3 TO HELP YOU STUDY D You already know all the nouns and
adjectives in this table. Add the missing ones
A You already know the words in these tables. and then the adverbs.
To complete the tables, add endings to form
new words that you have met in Grade 12, noun adjective adverb
Units 1 and 2. 1 beauty beautiful beautifully
verb noun 2 difference
1 plan 3 environmental
2 practise 4 fashionable
3 protect 5 personal
4 publish 6 safety
5 revise E Use sets of words from D to complete the
noun noun following. Change the form where necessary.
1 bank 1 A I heard about the fire. Are you and little
2 chemist Nian ?
3 immigrant B Yes, we all got out , Mum.
4 presenter But we’ve lost everything.
5 wood C That’s not important. Your
is the only really important thing.
B Check your work in the Grade 12 2 A Here are Dlovan Gharib’s
Alphabetical Wordlist. details.
B Thanks, but tell me, what sort of
C Use pairs of words from A to complete the
is he?
following. Change the form where necessary.
A Speaking , I think he’s the
1 The US population was just a few million in right man for the job, but you should decide
1800, but rose rapidly during for yourself when you interview him.
the following century and 3 A Have you noticed any now
started coming from many other parts of the that Layla has been away at university for a
world. year?
2 How often do you your B Oh, yes! She thinks and talks very
singing? // I go to singing now. She’s really a
three times a week. person!
3 We used to go into the
to find trees that had fallen and bring back
for our fire.
4 My uncle works for a , and my
cousin hopes to get a job in ,
too.
5 Why have you written TRAVEL on your
for next summer? / Because
I’m to travel round the world
then!
6 I’m going to do some for
our history test tonight, and then I’m going to
for our biology test tomorrow
night.
17
1 VOCABULARY Dimensions
A Complete the tables with words
adjective high long
from the box.
noun width depth
area circular deep distance Shapes
height length measure
rectangular square triangle noun rectangle circle
volume weight wide adjective square triangular
30 miles or more. By day, it came from a mirror that shone the light
of the sun across the sea. By night, it came from a huge fire.
60 m
The base of Pharos covered most of the island and probably had
an (3) of roughly 10,000 m2. Rising from this, the
main structure of the lighthouse consisted of three different parts.
The first was (4) in shape. It seems that each side 100 m
was about 35m (5) and was approximately 60m
(6) . On top of this, the second part had eight sides, and it probably had a
(7) of roughly 30m. The top part was (8) in shape and above that
probably stood a statue of *Poseidon.
Pharos guided ships to safety for many years, but earthquakes gradually destroyed it. Since 1994,
over 2,000 ancient stones, columns and statues have been discovered on the seabed at a
(9) of about seven metres, and it is believed that many of them were once part of
Pharos. One huge column has a (10) of nearly 29.7m.
There is also a line of over 20 huge blocks of stone, some over 11m (11) , with a
(12) of around
29.7 m
35m3 and a (13) of 11.3 m
2m
as much as 75 tonnes.
1.5 m
*Poseidon: the Greek god of water and the
sea, also the bringer of earthquakes
18
certain possible
present *must/can’t be (doing) may/might/could be (doing)
past must have (done) may/might/could have (done)
can’t/couldn’t have (done)
*Before you start, read about must and can’t for certainty in Language Focus Lesson 2 on SB page 26.
Pharos, past and present
No one knows for sure the height of Pharos, but it (1) must have been (be: certain) about 130 metres.
And as one of the tallest structures in the world at that time, it (2) (amaze:
certain) everyone who saw it. Sadly, a long series of earthquakes between 320 and 1303 gradually
destroyed it. It seems that an earthquake in 796 (3) (damage: possible) the
top part quite badly. However, it (4) (not collapse: certain) because the
famous writer Idrisi tells us that it was still working when he visited in 1115. However, there
(5) (be: possible) some major problems because Salah al-Din, the great Kurdish
leader of the Muslim World and ruler of Egypt, began repair work in 1272. Sadly, soon afterwards, a
huge earthquake in 1303 sent almost the whole structure to the bottom of the sea.
Since 1994, around 2,250 large pieces of stone have been found on the seabed, and many of
these (6) (be: certain) the remains of Pharos. The experts say that there
(7) (also be: possible) about 500 more blocks, statues and columns down there
which still have to be found. The hope is that with much careful study, all these pieces will tell us more
clearly what the whole structure (8) (look: certain) like when the Ptolemies were
the rulers of Egypt.
19
1 VOCABULARY
A Use word formation patterns to
recognize new word forms (in
italics) that are grammatically 1 archaeology archaeologist archaeological
related to words you know. Add 2 biology biologist biological
these grammatical forms to the 3 technology technologist technological
table heading: adjective, noun
(person), noun (thing).
B Look at the first four lines of the tables below. Then complete line 1 of each table with words
from the text on SB page 22.
C You can even use these patterns to work out worked – and even sometimes died – to make
the probable forms of words you have never its possible.
met. Complete lines 5–7 of each table in B.
(But note: be careful when you do this.
2 GRAMMAR: the passive – mixed tenses
English often breaks its own patterns, so
always check your ideas in a dictionary. ) An old Erbil Citadel building is being repaired and
made ready for its new use as a craft workshop
D Use words from A–C to complete the with a craft shop and café. A city planning officer
following. is visiting the site today, 8th November, and she is
asking about the work programme.
1 Haval always loved looking at plants
and animals when he was small. Now,
is his best subject at school,
and he wants to study at university to become a
.
2 The ancient city was at the
southern end of the lake, and you can easily
see its exact from the large
mound that still stands there.
3 Have for the project started
yet? // Yes, we’re to start work
next month.
4 The Great Pyramid of Khufu took over 20 years
to , and thousands of men
20
Study the work schedule and answer her questions. Use the
Job Work sch
present continuous passive, the passive with going to and edule
Schedule
other tenses necessary to give information about dates. Repair ro
of. (Oct–Dec
)
Complete
d?
Build wo 1–19/10
rkshop a 3
1 Q Have the electrics been changed yet? Deliver n
ew doors
rea. 15–
27/10
Change e . 24/10 3
A No, they haven’t, but they’re being changed now. Paint all
lectrics.
29/10–9/1 3
walls. 1
They’re going to be finished tomorrow. Construc
tw 5 /11–16/1
shelves & orkshop 8/11– 1
2 Q When is the workshop area going to be built? Plant café
tables. 16/11
garden.
A It’s already been built. It was finished on 27th October. Set up w
ork 19/11–30
/11
café equip shop & 21/11–30
ment. /11
3 Q Is the café garden being planted now? Wash & c
lean who
building le 3–6
/12
A No, it isn’t, but it’s going to be planted soon. .
It is
21
1 WRITING
A Complete the exhibit notes. Choose words from the following.
China
made across Egypt
produced along India
sold all along Persia
taken from The Silk Road
traded in Central Asia
used to the East
the West
Exhibit 137
Precious stones: Produced in
Exhibit 138
Stones like these were often traded in
and in
B Note extra information about the coin. (If necessary, listen to CD Track 11 Part 3 again.)
Coin produced during time of Kublai Khan, Mongol
from -
Shows that
22
2 WRITING
A Describe the movement of technologies and religions between the East and the West.
Work from memory. Write E-W (from east to west) or W-E (from west to east).
How inventions, crafts and religions travelled
Inventions and crafts: Religions:
1 fireworks E-W 6 Islam
2 glass-making 7 Christianity
3 paper-making 8 Buddhism
4 rug-making
5 printing
B Write a summary statement. List things that moved from east to west and from west to east.
Things that moved from east to west included
, and
3 UNIT TASK
In Lesson 3 you spoke about old buildings or ancient sites that need to be investigated and/or protected.
There are thousands of places like these in Iraqi Kurdistan. Most have not been investigated, and many
are believed to be very ancient.
Write a short, formal presentation to UNESCO about one of them. Do the following:
• Complete the statement about the report.
• Introduce the place this report is about and where it is. Explain why it is special.
• Give a description of the place as it now appears.
• Say what may be discovered if it is investigated and what may happen if it is not protected.
As it now appears,
23
B Complete the following paragraphs with modal verbs to express certainty and possibility.
No one knows for sure, but the ancient boat that was carrying the jewellery (1) may / might /
could have been (be: possible) up to ten metres long. And archaeologists now believe that boats
like this (2) (sail: possible) regularly and quite safely across the open sea.
So what happened to this boat? Dr Rose feels that there (3) (be: certain)
a very sudden storm and, as a result, the boat (4) (not have: certain) time
to escape to safety before it was destroyed by the wind and waves.
And did the sailors and merchants on the boat escape? Dr Rose thinks that one or two of them
(5) (swim: possible) to the coast but, sadly, he believes that in a storm as
bad as this most (6) (not survive: certain).
2 VOCABULARY
A Find and circle 20 of these new words in the box on page 25.
bury circular coin college craft delicious dimension dramatic glad
government heart invention measure provide religion shape square
structure technique treasure triangular urgent volume
24
j g l a d e t r i a n g u l a r z v s l
n p m b e s m t e j f c d n g a l g t b
u h s f e r e l i g i o n a e c s o q t
r j q k h f r v u m o v y i t i w v t r
g a u i e g t e c h n i q u e r t e i e
e n a l a d n i b t l u h o o c j r u a
n o r b r r d r a m a t i c h u p n x s
t c e m t y i x u r j g m p a l o m g u
q o a e w d i m e n s i o n j a y e u r
l l t a v s e y w f s t o b u r g n g e
h l f s r h l b u r y l h p t r e t f k
c e k u t a i s y n i d e l i c i o u s
x g f r l p h c o i n i l c a y e d s a
j e w e k e c r a f t e p r o v i d e v
B Now use words from the box to complete the following. Change the form where necessary.
1 Thank you for a wonderful meal. It was !
2 The ancient city covers an area of 2.5 kilometres.
3 Islam, Christianity and Buddhism are all that were spread by the Silk Road.
4 I suddenly saw a bright light in the night sky, and it was triangular in .
5 We do not yet know what secrets are deep in the ground.
A Copy the phonetic spellings of these words from the Grade 12 Alphabetical Wordlist.
Then practise pronouncing them.
commission / / dimension / /
measurement / / treasure / /
You know the usual pronunciations of c – /s/ and /k/ as in circular – but there are also words with
different pronunciations of c, e.g. ancient /ˈeɪnʃ(ə)nt/ and precious /ˈpreʃəs/.
B Copy the phonetic spellings of these words from the Grade 12 Alphabetical Wordlist.
Then practise pronouncing them.
delicious / / efficient / / specialize / /
You know the usual pronunciation of ch – /tʃ/ as in merchant – but there are also words with different
pronunciations of ch, e.g. machine /məˈʃiːn/ and school /skuːl/.
C Copy the phonetic spellings of these words from the Grade 12 Alphabetical Wordlist.
Then practise pronouncing them.
archaeologist / / architecture / / technique / /
25
28
Job
When
4 GRAMMAR: forms of the passive 1 Produce a short, final news report.
last Friday night
It is the Monday after the end of the 2 Note conference successes & failures.
already done
conference. Although this has finished, 3 Consider ways of doing better next time
. now
4 Discuss possible locations for next time
the work of the organizers has not. . tomorrow
5 Publish the full NY conference report.
Use their work schedule to make 6 Choose a city for the next conference.
may do this month
statements. Use suitable forms of the 7 Prepare invitations for the conference.
have to do in Nov
passive, including modals. must do by 31/12
29
1
/5 – a fifth 1/8 – an eighth 1/4 – a quarter 1/10 – a tenth 1/3 – a third 1/20 – a twentieth
1
/2 – half 3/4 – three quarters 2/5 – two fifths 2/3 – two thirds
1 50% 6 20%
2 33.3% (approx) 7 40%
3 66.7% (approx) 8 12.5%
4 25% 9 10%
5 75% 10 5%
Chart b Chart d
4 The medium projection for 2300 is roughly 10 Exactly of the world’s land is
1/
4 of the high projection for that year. (a/b) productive. (a/b)
5 The medium projection for 2300 is about 11 A little over of the global land
the low projection for surface consists of high mountains and
that date. (×) land covered with ice. (a/b)
6 The high projection for 2300 is approximately 12 Just over of the Earth’s land area is
of the medium projection for that point. (%) desert. ( b)
a/
30
The price of fuel touches everything we do on a farm like this – the use of heavy equipment, the price of
farm chemicals, transport and heat for the animals in winter. Now, that price has already gone up by
a fifth in the last year, and (1) (if / as) it goes up by another 20%, we just won’t be able to
continue farming.
Even (2) (as / before) it rises by as much as that, we will be in a lot of trouble. Our prices
will have to jump 20% or more, and (3) (when / before) that happens, the big supermarkets Alan Harper,
will quickly stop buying from us and start trying to buy more cheaply from abroad. And (4) dairy farmer,
(as / after) they change like that, they won’t come back to us in the future – even if fuel prices, and southern
therefore our prices, drop again. England
And what will happen (5) (after / before) more and more farmers like me disappear? Well,
gradually less and less food will be produced, and (6) (as / before) less and less is produced,
prices will slowly go up and up – here and everywhere else, too. And (7) (before / when) that
world food crisis arrives, perhaps people will remember how farmers like me tried to warn the world!
B Answer the questions about the end of Grade 12. Re-use the conjunctions.
1 What will you try to do as you prepare for your final exams?
2 How will you feel before your first exam?
3 What will you say to your parents after your last exam?
4 How will you celebrate when you finally leave school at the end of the year?
31
rename return recycle revise remember replace
use waste material (e.g. glass, paper) again, often for a different purpose
bring back into your mind
give something another name
take away someone or something and put someone or something new there instead
go back to a place where you were before
study information again to prepare for a test or exam
2 GRAMMAR: as long as
You have used conditional statements like this for many years:
If this land is not farmed sustainably, it will turn into desert.
In Grade 11, you met other ways of expressing the same idea, including:
Unless this land is farmed sustainably, it will turn into desert.
These forms are negative, and they warn about a bad result: … it will turn into desert.
Now you have another form that focuses on a positive result:
As long as this land is farmed sustainably, it will not turn into desert.
Turn the sentences into pairs of conditional statements. Start with the
words in brackets.
1 To grow well, these plants need to get lots of sun. (as long as) (unless)
a As long as these plants get lots of sun, they will grow well.
b Unless these plants get lots of sun, they will not grow well.
2 We need to have good weather, or the trees will not produce good fruit.
(as long as) (if … not)
a
b
3 To do well, you need to give these flowers more water. (if … not) (as long as)
a
b
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4 You have to protect your vegetables, or they will be attacked by disease. (unless) (as long as)
a
b
33
1 WRITING
A Use information from the pie chart and the table to complete a paragraph about the continent
with the highest freshwater runoff.
Freshwater runoff into the oceans
per year (cubic kilometres – km3)
Some major rivers, by continent
Australia 1,965 – 5%
Europe 3,110 – 8% Africa Asia Australia Europe North America South America
Asia 13,190 – Nile Tigris Darling Rhine St Lawrence Orinoco
Africa 4,225 34%
– 11% Zambesi Euphrates Murray Loire Ohio Amazon
Congo Indus Danube Mississippi Tocantins
South America
Mekong Negro
10,380 – 27% Yangtze
Amur
Asia is the (1) with the highest freshwater runoff into the (2) . This is
due to its many large rivers, which include the Tigris, the (3) , the (4)
and the (5) . Together, Asia’s rivers produce more than a (6) of global
(7) – a total of (8) cubic kilometres every (9) .
This is roughly the same amount as the total runoff from North America, (10) and
(11) .
B Now write a ‘mirror’ paragraph. Use information from the pie chart and the table to complete a
similar paragraph about the continent with the second-highest freshwater runoff.
is the continent with the second-highest
2 WRITING
A Start a short essay about the four Rs. Order these sentence
parts and write them out as the opening paragraph.
34
B Continue your short essay about the four Rs. Use this pattern for your paragraph about each R.
First of all, we need to reduce the amount of resources that we use. For example,
3 UNIT TASK
Complete the short opening paragraph. (Copy the question from SB page 37.) Then write a
paragraph about what you discussed, listing examples of action points.
35
5
is to reduce this level greatly by the year 2050. The aim is
per year (tonnes)
37
calculator computer document fax machine headset keyboard laptop
mobile mouse photocopier printer screen type web cam
B Complete the sentences with suitable statements of purpose. Choose between so as to/in order
to, so that and for the purpose of.
1 Bell invented the telephone so that people in different places would be able to
communicate with each other.
2 Doctors wanted to look inside the human body
3 Tim Berners-Lee wanted to share information with other scientists
4 Small Canadian communities far from other places wanted SchoolNet
5 Millions of students in many different countries now use SchoolNet
41
3 UNIT TASK
Use points from your discussion (SB p45) to write your report to the Ministry of Education here.
However, there are also reasons why it may not be a good idea to give students total freedom to go
wherever they want on the internet. First of all,
After careful discussion, we came to the conclusion that
43
B Complete part of Dr Dyson’s recent radio Dr D Yes, that was just a factory. But those were
interview. Add one of these words where the years (8) I got much
necessary. Where that, which or who is not of the experience to do my new job.
necessary, leave the gap empty. (Interviewer
= I, Dr Dyson = Dr D). C Complete another part of the interview.
Choose between the expressions of purpose
that which who in brackets.
when where why I Now, Dr Dyson, you said that one reason
for doing this interview was
I Perhaps we could talk about the reasons
(1) (to / so that) you
(1) you chose to move to
could talk a little about education and
InterTech.
training.
Dr D Well, it’s a company (2)
Dr D That’s right. It’s (2)
is famous in the IT world. Alan Rees is also
(for the purpose of / so as to) encourage
someone (3) I regard as a
everyone to think more about these very
great IT leader. And I’m a person
important things. You see, schools and
(4) likes trying new
colleges are there (3)
things, so after 12 years with ILS, his
(for the purpose of / in order to) providing
invitation was just the opportunity
the best possible start in life. And there’s
(5) I wanted! He called
another side to this, too.
on a day (6) I was feeling
(4) (in order to / so that)
very bored with my old job!
get the people we need at a company like
I Is InterTech very different from the place InterTech, we need schools and colleges to
(7) you were working prepare students well.
before?
44
45
atmospheric climate health killer technological top weapons of
care change diseases emissions priority solutions war
B Use collocations from A to complete the following. Change their forms if necessary.
1 Malaria is a killer diseae that takes the lives of millions every year.
2 If we could have world peace, countries could stop spending so much on .
3 After the floods, there was very little proper , so a lot of people became ill.
4 For many years, factories were allowed to pollute freely, and the were terrible.
5 Many scientists believe that very bad weather events show that has started.
6 The two of every government should be to keep its people safe and healthy.
7 We need all kinds of such as fuel cells to help reduce global warming.
B B
I suggest we should I would argue that we
have a vote at the end ought not to waste time
of the discussion. on votes.
Name: Harumi Honda Name: Dmitri Stepashin
Country: Japan Country: Russia
A A
2 I support 4 Can I make a
Harumi Honda. request?
B B
And let me add that we Can I ask for an extra
ought to have votes after meeting about the
every discussion. Middle East?
Name: Jack Dawson Name: Michelle Barre
Country: Canada Country: France
1 The next speaker was Harumi Honda from Japan making a suggestion .
2 The following speaker .
3 The speaker after that
.
4 The final speaker .
46
B Use these ‘starters’ and form participles to report the speakers’ ‘B’ statements.
1 We heard ...
2
3
4
Tell me a bit about your plans. Day 4: Talk to Supply Manager Bob Brant – has
been coming to the Pole for many years.
You must ask me for whatever help Questions to ask (ask, inquire, want to find out,
you need whenever you need to. want to learn, want to know)
48
Is it true that you’ve been to the Pole more times (3) (and so / but) he never spent
than anyone else? more than four months a year at Amundsen-Scott.
(4) (After all, In addition,) he
Do you spend more time at the Pole than explained, he had a wife and family back home,
at home in California? (5) (or / and) they needed to
spend time together.
When did you first come to the South Pole? Turning to his job, I learned that there were
300–400 supply flights a year – an enormous
How many supply flights are there every number! This was (6) (due to
year? the fact that / despite the fact that) everything
they needed had to be brought by air.
What was more, he said, all those flights had to
Can you get supplies during the winter? come during the summer (7)
(though / as) planes could not land and take off
This afternoon, I decided to talk to the Supply during the winter months. (8)
Manager, Bob Brant, who has been coming to the (Because of / Despite) these very long periods
Pole for many years. I wanted to know if it was without new supplies, though, it seems that there
true that had never been any serious problems.
after before on since when/while
1 WRITING SKILLS
Write the following as a conversation. Add the correct punctuation – capital letters, commas,
apostrophes, full stops, dashes, hyphens, question marks and exclamation marks.
well now lets hear some other peoples ideas about the worlds top priorities for 2025 maria delgado
said sita kumar can i ask you to say something
yes of course sita said well it seems to me that its very very important to achieve priority 3 education
and health care for all children
sorry but i feel i need to say something alhaji buhari said
maria invited him to speak please go ahead alhaji she replied
well alhaji began its certainly true that childrens health and education are very important priorities for
the long term however i believe that we have to make climate change our most important immediate
priority if we don’t he went on we wont be able to provide health education or anything else
i see your point sita answered but the fact is that weve got to deal with everything health and
education as well as climate change
50
2 WRITE
Write Chris Carr’s report of your discussion with three partners in C SPEAK on SB page 53. Use
your notes from A1 and this framework to write the report in three short paragraphs – one for
each exchange of opinions.
argued for … saying that …
(name) supported … stating that … But …
I argued against … believing that … However, …
disagreed with … pointing out that …
making the point that …
First, argued for World Bank loans, making the point that they
. However, disagreed with her,
saying that they then went on to
Finally,
3 UNIT TASK
A Follow Chris’s introduction with a new paragraph for each exchange between the speakers.
B Follow the start of the concluding paragraph with your own ideas.
It is clear from this, and from millions of other success stories in many countries, that
microfinance loans
51
B Order the words in brackets to form this pattern: subject + verb + object + participle clause.
Chris is showing Liz some video material from his visit to the South Pole.
1 Now here we’re looking at Bob Brant organizing the transport
of new supplies from a plane. (looking at / organizing / Bob Brant / we’re)
2 And in this bit
equipment in the communications centre. (Sally Woo / you’re / checking /
watching)
3 This time, with her
research team. (working / videoing / Dr Ullsen / I’m)
4 Finally, here fresh fruit
in the hydroponics unit. (seeing / we’re / picking / people)
C When Chris got home after the meeting with Liz Ramirez, he told his wife what had been said.
Put parts of the conversation into reported speech. Use the reporting verbs in brackets.
Liz Come in and sit down, Mr Carr. (invite) Were you able to find our offices all right? (ask)
Chris I often come past the building, so I know it well. (tell)
Liz Can I get you a coffee before we start talking about your book? (offer)
Later …
Liz Will you have time to write the book? (ask)
Chris Don’t worry about that. (tell) I’m sure I can make enough time to write my first book! (say)
Liz Why does the Antarctic interest you so much? (want to know)
Chris I’m very interested in the people who live and work there. (explain)
… So first she invited me to go in and sit down. Then
52
Later …
D Complete the story of the book’s development. Choose from the following words and form
participles from the verbs in brackets.
after before on since when while
B Check your work in A. Find the words you produced in this list of important new words.
53
55
1 This is me doing my 2 3
presentation on
Kurdistan.
4 5 6
56
57
B Dr Livesey, as a good magistrate, decided to write notes about the noisy, dangerous guest who
nearly attacked him at The Admiral Benbow. Complete the notes for him.
Weapons:
(Used against Black Dog;
nearly attacked me with )
Health:
due to
58
h … the old seaman told him a little about his secret and the men who were looking for him.
i … the captain started coming downstairs again to drink and sing.
j … tried to stand up and then fell to the floor, dead.
k … but then the conversation turned first into an argument and then a sword fight.
l … another visitor, a horrible blind man, arrived and ordered the boy to take him to the captain.
m … he collapsed soon after that, and he was lucky that Dr Livesey was there to help him.
n … he sat there with his sword, ready for trouble.
o … and then he immediately left again.
F Work with a partner. Take turns to read out the whole summary, sentence by sentence.
60
61
As soon as Jim’s
62
Name:
Weight:
Bought by:
Where bought:
With the help of:
B Complete Dr Livesey’s notes about the new ship’s cook and the new captain. Use his own ideas
and all the other information available in Episode 3.
The captain
Name: Was found by:
Took the job under:
What sort of person he seems to be:
63
The captain
2 What two things did the squire have to find during this
period, and who helped him to find each?
3 Why was Jim sure that Long John Silver could not be the frightening one-legged man who Bill, the
guest at The Admiral Benbow, had spoken about?
4 What did Smollett feel were, on the one hand, the good and, on the other hand, the very bad things
about Mr Arrow?
64
5 What did members of the crew know about the aim of the voyage that Smollett did now know, and
how did he feel about this?
6 Why did Smollett want all the weapons to be kept near the squire and the people who seemed
reliable at the stern of the ship?
65
66
3 When Smollett showed Long John Silver the map, he asked him to say
a where he had once landed for supplies and water many years before.
b where the treasure was buried.
c where he had once hidden some supplies years before.
4 After Jim had told the others what he had heard in the barrel, they guessed that
a there might be nearly four times more people against them than there were for them.
b the other side could have nearly 80% of everyone on board the ship.
c Long John Silver might have nearly three quarters of everyone on board on his side.
67
B Write out the complete summary, expanding as necessary and putting the verbs in the correct
forms.
C Work with a partner. Take turns to read out the whole summary, sentence by sentence.
68
69
2
After a quick return to the beach, the doctor and the others loaded his seaman’s chest, some food
supplies, some swords and some gun powder to take to the stockade.
3
On the boat’s fourth and final trip to the shore, the squire, the doctor, Captain Smollett and three
others took with them various supplies. Silver and the other five men they trusted were left behind
on the ship.
4
With its heavy load, the boat was low in the water, so when a musket shot from the Hispaniola
fell right on it, it began to sink, and everyone had to swim to the beach, leaving all their supplies
underwater.
5
Grey and Hunter got the rest of the supplies at low tide, so then everyone inside the stockade had
enough food for only eight days – and they could not hope for Blandy’s rescue ship to arrive for
several weeks.
6
As Jim returned to his friends with Ben Gunn’s request for a meeting with Captain Smollett, the
young cabin-boy saw the Jolly Roger flying above the stockade and Captain Smollett’s flag flying from
the ship’s mast.
70
7
After Jim’s return to the ship, he slept long and deep, and he was finally woken up next afternoon
by the sound of birds in the trees and the pirates’ request for a peace meeting with Silver, who now
called himself ‘Admiral’.
8
Silver threw his hat over the stockade fence, came through the gate in the fence, and then he offered
to exchange the lives of everyone outside for some food, but the squire offered instead a fair trial for
all the pirates back in England.
9
Angrily, Silver said that the lucky ones would be the ones who died in the coming fight. While he was
leaving, everyone prepared swords for the pirate attack which followed two hours later and which
left many dead and badly hurt.
2 Use these sentence parts to write the doctor’s introductory paragraph on the next page.
following / terrible fight / stockade, / (seem) / good time to consider / situation in detail. Here (be) some
/ points in our favour / points against us
3 Use your notes from 1 to write three more short paragraphs about the situation on the next
page.
71
After considering our situation from different points of view, I feel that
72
5 When Jim cut the rope, the ship and the boat started moving
a in opposite directions along the coast.
b straight out to sea, away from the island.
c in roughly the same direction along the line of the shore.
73
74
75
76
a they (join) / squire / Captain Smollett – and there of course (be) / treasure, too
b and then to hear what they (think) was / sound of / ghost singing
c then musket shots (hit) two / them and / other three quickly (run) away
d Long John Silver (tie) Jim with some rope / (make) him follow
e and / others (sail) away / England with all the rest / treasure
f when / (reach) it all they (find) was / large, empty hole
g (leave) some supplies for / three pirates, and / (sail) away from Treasure Island for ever
h (turn) himself back into / same friendly seaman he (seem) to be / Bristol long before
i that Ben Gunn (find) and (move) / treasure to / secret cave long before
C Write out the complete summary, expanding as necessary and putting the verbs in the correct
forms.
77
78
ISBN 978-0-2307-2761-8
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers.
The authors and publisher would like to thank the following people for their invaluable
advice, contribution and support in the writing of this work for use in schools in the
Kurdistan Region:
Content Supervision:
Curriculum Department – Ministry of Education – KRG
Mrs Nasreen Anwar Rashid
English Language Development and Evaluation Committee.
Kurdish Pages Translation:
Mr Shaswar Kamal Mahmud
2015 2014 2013 2012 2011
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