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Biomolecules for Science Students

This table compares the key biomolecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. It outlines their main functions, building blocks, polymers formed, and bond types. Proteins are involved in structure, transport, signaling, and protection. Carbohydrates provide energy and build other molecules. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage and insulation. Nucleic acids form genetic material and are passed down generations.

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Joya Hossain
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412 views2 pages

Biomolecules for Science Students

This table compares the key biomolecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. It outlines their main functions, building blocks, polymers formed, and bond types. Proteins are involved in structure, transport, signaling, and protection. Carbohydrates provide energy and build other molecules. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage and insulation. Nucleic acids form genetic material and are passed down generations.

Uploaded by

Joya Hossain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIOMOLECULES COMPARISON TABLE

POINT OF PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES LIPIDS NUCLEIC ACIDS


COMPARISON

Function Homeostatic, enzymatic, provide energy, store energy, Long-term energy reserve Form the genetic material of all
structural support, transport, build macromolecules, and Thermal insulator living organisms & are passed
hormonal, signalling within cells spare protein and fat for other Important source of metabolic down from one generation to
and communicating between uses. water the next for the continuity of
cells, protection, storage, life.
source of energy Cx(H2O)y

Elements CHON CHO CHO CHONP


Sulfur sometimes present
(cysteine)

Monomer Amino acid Monosaccharide (CH2O)n Fatty acid chain Nucleotide

Polymer Polypeptide chain (formed via Polysaccharide Triglyceride DNA / RNA


condensation reaction)

Bonds involved Peptide bonds Glycosidic link Ester bonds Phosphodiester bonds

Types available Fibrous proteins Starch Phospholipids Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)


- collagen Glycogen (amylose & Glycolipids Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Globular proteins amylopectin) Cholesterol
- haemoglobin Cellulose

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