Class 7 Science Chapter 2 – Nutrition in Animals
Exercise Questions
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are _________, __________,
__________, _________ and __________.
(b) The largest gland in the human body is __________.
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and ___________ juices which
act on food.
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths
called _________.
(e) Amoeba digests its food in the ____________ .
Solution:
(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are ingestion, digestion, absorption,
assimilation and egestion.
(b) The largest gland in the human body is Liver.
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and digestive juices which act on food.
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called villi.
(e) Amoeba digests its food in the food vacuole.
[Link] ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. (T/F)
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. (T/F)
(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. (T/F)
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew
it for some time. (T/F)
Solution:
a) F
b) T
c) T
d) T
3. Tick () mark the correct answer in each of the following:
(a) Fat is completely digested in the
(i) stomach (ii) mouth (iii) small intestine (iv) large intestine
(b) Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the
(i) stomach (ii) foodpipe (iii) small intestine (iv) large intestine
Solution:
a) (iii) small intestine
b) (iv) large intestine
4. Match the items of Column I with those given in Column II:
Column- I Column- II
Food components Product(s) of digestion
Carbohydrates Fatty acids and glycerol
Proteins Sugar
Fats Amino acids
Solution:
Column- I Column- II
Food components Product(s) of digestion
Carbohydrates Sugar
Proteins Amino acids
Fats Fatty acids and glycerol
5. What are villi? What is their location and function?
Solution
Villi are the finger-like projections or outgrowth. They are present in the small
intestine of our digestive system. The villi increase the surface area and are richly
supplied with blood vessels for absorption of the digested food.
6. Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help
to digest?
Solution:
Bile juice is produced in the liver, and it helps in the digestion of fats by breaking
large fat globule into smaller ones.
7. Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but
not by humans. Give the reason also.
Solution:
Cellulose is the carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans
because humans lack cellulase enzyme required to digest the cellulose.
8. Why do we get instant energy from glucose?
Solution:
Glucose is a simple sugar which is easily absorbed by the blood whereas other
carbohydrates are first broken down into glucose and then absorbed; hence, glucose
gives instant energy.
9. Which part of the digestive canal is involved in:
(i) absorption of food ________________.
(ii) chewing of food ________________.
(iii) killing of bacteria ________________.
(iv) complete digestion of food ________________.
(v) formation of faeces ________________.
Solution:
i) Small intestine
ii) Buccal cavity
iii)Stomach
iv) Small intestine
v) Large Intestine
10. Write one similarity and one difference between nutrition in amoeba
and human beings.
Solution:
Similarity: Both amoeba and human beings follow the holozoic type of nutrition.
Difference:
Humans intake food through hands into the buccal cavity. In amoeba food is
ingested through pseudopodia.
11. Match the items of Column I with suitable items in Column II
Column-I Column-II
a) Salivary (i) Bile juice secretion
gland
b) Stomach (ii) Storage of undigested
food
c) Liver (iii) Saliva secretion
d) Rectum (iv) Acid release
e) Small (v) Digestion is completed
intestine
f) Large (vi) Absorption of water
intestine
(vii) Release of faeces
Solution:
Column-I Column-II
a) Salivary gland (iii) Saliva secretion
b) Stomach (iv) Acid release
c) Liver (i) Bile juice secretion
d) Rectum (ii) Storage of undigested
food
e) Small (v) Digestion is completed
intestine
f) Large (vi) Absorption of water
intestine
12. Label Fig. 2.11 of the digestive system.
Solution:
13. Can we survive only on raw, leafy vegetables/grass? Discuss.
Solution:
No, we cannot survive only on raw, leafy vegetables because they mainly consist of
Cellulose which cannot be digested by us due to lack of cellulose digesting enzyme
in our body.
