CHAPTER 1 – FOUNDATION LEVEL
Software Testing
Foundation – ISTQB-
ISEB Topics
1. Fundamentals Why is Testing Human -> Error (mistake) -> Defect (fault,
of Testing Necessary? bug) which when executed may cause ->
Failure
Measures the quality of the software
Gives confidence in the quality
Reduces the overall level of risk
How much testing? Depends on risk, safety
& project constraints
Testing Objectives Finding Defects
Providing information for decision-making
Preventing defects
Gaining confidence about the level of quality
Seven Testing Principles Testing shows presence of defects
Exhaustive testing is impossible
Early testing
Defect clustering
Pesticide paradox
Testing is context dependent
Absence-of-error fallacy
Fundamental Test Planning & Control
Process Analysis & Design
Implementation & Execution
Evaluating Exit Criteria & Reporting
Test Closure
The Psychology of Mindset of Developer & Tester
Testing Communication in a constructive manner
Test Independence
Code of Ethics Code is necessary, among other reasons, to
ensure information accessed by testers are
not put to inappropriate use.
The success of testing is not influenced by the Psychological factor :
1. Blindness to one s own errors
2. Clear test objectives determine testers effectiveness
3. Gaining confidence about the level of quality and providing information
4. Courteous communication and feedback on defects
Defects occur not because of
1. Complexity of Infrastructure
2. Execution of software by changing hardware conditions
3. System interactions
4. Changed technologies
Which activity in the fundamental test process includes evaluation of the testability
of the requirements and the system?
1. Testing implementation and execution
2. Test analysis
3. Test analysis and design
4. Test planning and control
Which of the following is a major task of test planning?
1. Determining test approach
2. evaluating entry criteria
3. Preparing test specifications
4. Measuring and analyzing results.
Which of the following is a major task of test planning?
1. Determining test approach
2. evaluating entry criteria
3. Preparing test specifications
4. Measuring and analyzing results.
Which of the following statements about regression testing is false?
1. regression testing should be performed whenever software is changed.
2. Regression tests can be run many times
3. Automated regression testing is always more efficient than manual regression
testing.
4. Regression tests should be reviewed to ensure that they are still relevant to
the business
What is true of a quality system?
A. It is secure
B. It meets specified requirements, customer needs
C. It costs more than other systems with the same feature
D. It was delivered on time and budget.
A phone ringing in an adjacent cubicle momentarily distracts a a programmer,
causing him to improperly program the logic that checks the upper boundary of an
input variable. Later, during system testing, a tester notices that this variable
accepts input values. The improperly coded logic for the upper boundary check is :
1. The root cause
2. The error
3. The defect
4. The Failure
Which of the following is not a test objective
1. Gaining confidence about the quality of the code
2. finding defects
3. Analyzing cause of failure
4. Preventing defects
Which of the following is a general testing principle?
1. Exploratory testing
2. Confirmation testing
3. Defect masking or Defect clustering
4. Defect masking
A programmer is working on code which is very complex. Which of the following is
a general testing principle that may affect his work?
1. Pesticide Paradox
2. Component testing
3. Defect clustering
4. Early testing
Which of the following is a fundamental test activity?
1. Test design and Implementation
2. Test Implementation and Execution
3. Test Planning and design
4. Evaluating Test plan
What is operational testing?
1. Testing the changes to an operational system or the impact of a changed
environment to an operational system
2. Testing conducted to evaluate a component or system in its operational
environment
3. Acceptance testing by users or customers at their site, normally including h/w as
well as s/w
4. The process of testing to determine the maintainability of a software product.
A programmer is writing and executing unit tests against code which he has
written. Which of the following is a tester mindset that the programmer should
adopt to perform unit testing effectively?
1. Good communication skills
2. Code coverage
3. Probe effect
4. Attention to detail
What does a test design specification contain?
1. Test Inputs
2. Expected results
3. Procedure steps
4. Test conditions
Test control is done to compare project progress
1. At initial stage of the project plan
2. when defining the entry and exit criteria of the project
3. When defining the entry criteria
4. throughout the project
What is a Test condition?
1. An item or event of a component or system that could be verified by one or
more test cases
2. A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a problem or achieve an
objective that must be met or possessed by a system or system component to
satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed document.
3. An approach to testing in which test cases are designed based on test objectives
and test conditions derived from requirements
4. A set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution
post conditions.
During which fundamental test process activity we determine if more Test s are
needed?
A. Test analysis and design
B. Test implementation and execution
C. Test exit criteria
D. Test entry criteria
A fault fix doesn't cause side effect endured by--------
1. Re testing
2. Regression testing
3. Functional testing
4. Unit testing
Which is not an exit criteria measure
1. Cost
2. Time
3. No of resources
4. Fault found or coverage
A useful glossary of terms used in software testing is called BS___________
1. BS 7925 -1
2. BS 7295 -1
3. BS 7529 - 5
4. BS 7952- 5
The component test plan must consist of a single document
1. True
2. False
Writing test summary report is an test closure activity
1. True
2. False
Testing Must be Planned is stated in
1. Bill hetzel principle
2. Ed Kit principle
3. IEEE 829
4. IEEE 829
The component test plan must specify test completion criteria?
1. True
2. False
IEEE standard for software test documentation is
A. IEEE 829 -2008 or IEEE 829
B. IEEE 827
C. IEEE 828
D. IEEE 8295
We split testing into distinct stages primarily because:
Each test stage has a different purpose
It is easier to manage testing in stages
We can run different tests in different environments
The more stages we have, the better the testing
Which of the following is not a quality characteristic listed in ISO 9126 Standard?
Functinality
Usability
Supportability
Maintainability
Which of the following is NOT included in the Test Plan document of the Test
Documentation Standard:
Test items (i.e. software versions)
What is not to be tested
Test environments
Quality plans
Schedules and deadlines
Which of the following is NOT included in the Test Plan document of the Test
Documentation Standard?
What is not to be tested
Test environment properties
Quality plans
Schedules and deadlines
Test managers should not:
Report on deviations from the project plan
Sign the system off for release
Re-allocate resource to meet original plans
Raise incidents on faults that they have found
IEEE 829 test plan documentation standard contains all of the following except
Test Items
Test deliverables
Test tasks
Test specifications
In prioritising what to test, the most important objective is to:
Find as many faults as possible
Test high risk areas
Obtain good test coverage
Test whatever is easiest to test
Which of these activities provides the biggest potential cost saving from the use of
CAST?
Test management
Test Design
Test Execution
Test Planning
Given the following sets of test management terms (v-z), and activity
descriptions (1-5), which one of the following best pairs the two sets?
v – test control
w – test monitoring
x – test estimation
y – incident management
z – configuration control
1 – calculation of required test resources
2 – maintenance of record of test results
3 – re-allocation of resources when tests overrun
4 – report on deviation from test plan
5 – tracking of anomalous test results
v-3,w-2,x-1,y-5,z-4
v-2,w-5,x-1,y-4,z-3
v-3,w-4,x-1,y-5,z-2
v-2,w-1,x-4,y-3,z-5
Which of the following would NOT normally form part of a test plan?
Features to be tested
Incident reports
Risks
Schedule
Enough testing has been performed when:
Time runs out
The required level of confidence has been achieved
No more faults are found
The users won’t find any serious faults
What is the purpose of a test completion criterion?
To know when a specific test has finished its execution
To ensure that the test case specification is complete
To set the criteria used in generating test inputs
To determine when to stop testing
