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Introduction To Linguistics Ling 20001

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Introduction to Linguistics

ling 20001
MWF 10:30-11:20
Stuart 102
Andrea Beltrama, Instructor Hilary McMahan, TA Gallagher Flinn, TA
andremormora@uchicago.edu mcmahanh@uchicago.edu gflinn@uchicago.edu
Office Hours: M 11:30-12:30 Office Hours: W 1-2 pm Office Hours: Th 10:30-11:30
and by appointment and by appointment and by appointment
010A Social Sciences Rosenwald 229 Harper Cafe

Course Description
Overview: This course is an introductory survey of linguistics, focusing on natural lan-
guage phenomena and the methods used to understand them. We will address the following
subdomains of linguistics during the course:

Phonetics The physical properties of language forms (e.g., sounds)


Phonology The psychological representation of language sounds
Morphology How language forms combine to form words
Syntax How words combine to form phrases and sentences
Semantics The meanings of words, phrases, and sentences
Pragmatics How sentences are used in context
Sociolinguistics How language is affected by and affects social context
Psycholinguistics How language interacts with cognition and reasoning

Goals: It might not come as a shock, but the goal of the course is to get some initial
exposure to linguistics. While this will hardly provide any in-depth knowledge of specific
phenomena, it will help you get a sense of the nature of linguistic phenomena, as well as
their interaction with domains of human action such as cognition and social structure. Due
to time constraints, we will jump around a bit and never spend too much time in one place.
In doing so, we will adopt a hands-on approach to linguistic data while engaging with some
(accessible!) scientific literature.
Prerequisites: None. In particular, this course presupposes no background in any partic-
ular language. Neither does becoming a professor in linguistics, for the record!

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Course Requirements
Graded Components:

1. Attendance and participation in the class and section: 10%


Class and section attendance is mandatory. There are two sections for this
course, one led by each of the two teaching assistants. You must register for one of
these two. Participation both in class and in section is expected. In fact, it will be
required at times.
2. Assignments 60%. They come in two flavors.

(a) Problem sets. 7 assigned throughout the course (lowest graded will be dropped).
The problem sets involve reasoning with novel natural language data, as well
as drawing connections between the readings. However, some problem sets (in
particular, the final problem set) will be worth more than others. The problem
sets are posted on Chalk on Wednesdays and are due in class the following
Monday. While you are welcome to collaborate on the assignments, you must
write them up individually. No late assignments will be accepted without
an official note from your advisor. Finally, I strongly encourage, but do not
require, that you type up the problem sets. One easy way to do this is with
typesetting software called LATEX. This sort of program is widely used in many
technical fields, and it has loads of advantages over word processors. There is a
steep learning curve, but it’s worth it!

To use LATEX
i. Choose an editor. I recommend starting at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_TeX_editors.
ii. Install it.
iii. Play around. A very simple template will be posted on Chalk.
iv. Consult these websites for linguistics-specific questions:
• https://www.essex.ac.uk/linguistics/external/clmt/latex4ling/
• http://www.ling.upenn.edu/advice/latex.html
• http://www.linguistics.ubc.ca/latex
(b) On certain weeks (see syllabus) you will be assigned one or more research articles
to read. The purpose of this assignment is to give you a chance to get familiar
with actual examples of linguistic research. 1 The articles will be discussed in the
class when the reading is due. Also, some questions in the problem sets and the
exams will presuppose familiarity with the content of the papers. In sum, even
though you won’t be required to write response papers, you must do the readings.
3. Exams (two mid-terms and one non-cumulative final): 30%
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Important: In some cases, it will be hard to understand everything in the paper. Keep in mind that
this is perfectly normal! Just focus on the main argument and try to get the bottom line of the article.

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Website: Slides from lecture, readings, assignments and the rest of the materials will be
posted on Chalk. Please contact me if you don’t have access to the website.

Textbook We won’t really be following a textbook, but for general reference you can rely
on Contemporary Linguistics: An introduction by William OGrady, John Archibald, Mark
Aronoff, and Janie Rees-Miller, available on Amazon. Next to each week I put the chapter
that covers our materials, but note that class discussion will diverge quite a bit from the book.

Research Awareness Requirement: Linguists conduct research using a variety of meth-


ods, including experimental techniques in a laboratory setting. Your research awareness
component has two parts.

Part 1: During the course of this term, you must take part in at least one ongoing research
study as part of the Linguistics Department human subject pool. Visit http://uchicagoling.sona-
systems.com and request an account; you will then be able to view and sign up for
ongoing studies.

Part 2: There are two ways you can fulfill the second part of the research awareness require-
ment: by participating in a second study, or by attending one of the many linguistics
talks held during the quarter, such as a Linguistics Department colloquium, a talk in
the satellite workshops (Language, Cognition, and Computation; Language Variation
and Change; Semantics and the Philosophy of Language), or a talk presented at the
Chicago Linguistics Society Conference (April 23-25). You will be required to write up
a 2 page critical summary of the topic discussed.The best way to learn about upcoming
talks is to subscribe to the Linguistics Departments mailing list, UCLinguist, at
https://listhost.uchicago.edu/web/info/uclinguist
You can also find the workshop, colloquia, and conference schedules online:
http://linguistics.uchicago.edu/newsevents/
http://cas.uchicago.edu/workshops/semantics/
http://chicagolinguisticsociety.org/conf.html

Tentative schedule
• Week 1: Overview. O’Grady Ch. 1

– March 30: Introduction


– April 1: Prescription vs description Read: Acocella, Pinker, Kamm
– April 3: What is (a) language

• Week 2: Sounds. O’Grady Ch. 2-3

– April 6: Phonetics I Assignment 1 due


– April 8: Phonetics II
– April 10: Phonetics III and Phonology

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• Week 3: The units of sounds O’Grady Ch. 3

– April 13: Phonology Assignment 2 due


– April 15: Phonology
– April 17: Morpho-phonology

• Week 4: The units of meaning. O’Grady Ch. 4

– April 20: Morphology Assignment 3 due


– April 22: Morphology
– April 24: Midterm 1 (Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology) CLS 51!

• Week 5: The structure of sentences. O’Grady Ch. 5

– April 27: Syntax I Assignment 4 due


– April 29: Syntax II
– May 1: Syntax III featuring Gallagher Flinn)

• Week 6: Meaning. O’Grady Chapter 6

– May 4: Semantics and Pragmatics I Assignment 5 due


– May 6: Semantics and Pragmatics II
– May 8: Semantics and Pragmatics III

• Week 7: Language and the mind

– May 11: Psycholinguistics I Read: Noveck 2001 Assignment 6 due


– May 13: Psycholinguistics II Read: Beltrama and Xiang 2014
– May 15: Midterm 2 (Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics and Psycholinguistics)

• Week 8: Language and the social context

– May 18: Patterns of variation Read: Labov 1967


– May 20: Social meaning Read: Eckert 2003
– May 22: Social information and perception Read: Niedzielski 1999

• Week 9: Interfaces!

– May 25: No class


– May 27: Deixis (featuring Hilary McMahan) Assignment 7 due
– May 29: TBA (featuring Laura Staum Casasanto)

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• Week 10: Wrap up

– June 1: Revisiting the prescriptive/descriptive distinction Read: Cameron


– June 3: Review
– Final exam: Time and place designated for us by the registrar

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