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Tóm Tắt Kiến Thức Syntax: A. Type of pre-nominal modifiers

The document summarizes types of pre-nominal and post-nominal modifiers in noun phrases, classifications of verb phrases, and techniques for analyzing verb phrases. It discusses pre-nominal modifiers like determiners, adjectives, nouns, and participles. Post-nominal modifiers include prepositional phrases, adjective phrases, participial phrases, and subordinate clauses. Verb phrases are classified as intensive, complex transitive, ditransitive, monotransitive, or intransitive. The document provides tests to distinguish between noun phrases and adverbial adjuncts for transitive and intransitive verbs, and between secondary complements of intensive verbs and optional adverbial adjuncts.

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Nguyen Jay
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2K views3 pages

Tóm Tắt Kiến Thức Syntax: A. Type of pre-nominal modifiers

The document summarizes types of pre-nominal and post-nominal modifiers in noun phrases, classifications of verb phrases, and techniques for analyzing verb phrases. It discusses pre-nominal modifiers like determiners, adjectives, nouns, and participles. Post-nominal modifiers include prepositional phrases, adjective phrases, participial phrases, and subordinate clauses. Verb phrases are classified as intensive, complex transitive, ditransitive, monotransitive, or intransitive. The document provides tests to distinguish between noun phrases and adverbial adjuncts for transitive and intransitive verbs, and between secondary complements of intensive verbs and optional adverbial adjuncts.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Jay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TÓM TẮT KIẾN THỨC SYNTAX

A. Type of pre-nominal modifiers


1. DET
 Pre-DET: All, both, half
 Articles (ART) : a, an, the
 Possessives (POSS) : her, his, my, John’s , …
 Demonstratives (DEM ) this, that ,these , those.
 Quantifiers : another, any, each, either, enough, much, neither,
no, some
2. Quantifying Adjectives (QA) : much , many , several , few , little,
a lot of, plenty of , …..
3. Numerals (NUM)
- Cardinal: one , two,..
- Ordinal : first , second , …
4. Adjective phrases
5. Pre-modifying nouns
- Some expensive roof maintenance
6. Possessive common noun: occur between DET and head N
- The summer’s red roses
7. Verb participles (V-part) : departed , unexpected
8. Gerunds (V-ger): sleeping car, living room , ….
9. Restricters (Restric) : just, only, quite, even, especially,
particularly.
B. Type of post-nominal modifiers
1. Prepositional Phrases (PP)
- When NP includes both a pre-modifying AP and a post-
modifying PP, the pre-modifying AP belong to the N’ but the
post-modifying does not
EX: the nuclear scientist from Germany
2. Adjective Phrases (AP)
- The chef responsible for the sauces
- The mailman, exuberantly happy
- A woman, old and gaunt
3. Participial Phrases (PartP)
- The car coming down the road
- The man expected to arrive at any moment
4. Infinitive Phrases (InfP)
- The man to answer this question
5. Subordinate Adjective Clauses
- The chef that is responsible for the sauces
C. Classification of verb phrases
1. Intensive verbs (intens) : be, turn , become , get, remain , look,
smell, …..
 S + intensive V + sC
2. Complex transitive verbs (complex)
 S + complex V + dO + oC ( AP/NP/PP)
3. Ditransitive verbs (ditrans)
 S + ditrans V + dO + iO
+ iO + dO
+ dO + predC
4. Monotransitive verbs (trans)
 S + trans V + dO
5. Intransitive verbs (intrans)
 S + intrans V (obA )
D. Verb phrase analysis
1. Distinguish between NP (dO) of trans from NP ( adverbial
adjunct) of intrans
- Cách tốt nhất là kiểm tra xem nó có passive counterpart hay
không nếu có thì là monotrans còn không thì là intrans
EX : Lightning struck the oak tree
The oak tree was struck by lightning (monotrans)
EX : They arrived the next day (intrans)
The next day was arrived by them ( incorrect )
2. Distinguish between PP (sC) of intens from PP (optional
adverbial adjunct) of any verbs
- PP là sC của intens V khi nó không thể bị loại bỏ ra khỏi câu,
vì khi đó câu sẽ không còn nghĩa
EX : Oscar should be in the engine room
3. TransVAC-NP vs. IntransV-PP
- Test bằng cách di chuyển PREPOSITION in a PP , nếu là
transVAC thì có thể chuyển mà không thay nghĩa , còn
intransV thì không thể

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