GE 3

The Contemporary World

Compiled by : Roselyn M. Clemen
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of the University of Southern Mindanao.
To our students:
The module is designed to direct you to essential ideas of globalization. It will point you in the
direction of the most important readings and thinkers in the field and encourage you to widen
your reading and research so as to improve your critical thinking skills.

This module will also serve as your supplemental material and study guide to provide you with
ways of applying the information you are familiar with in a practical manner.

This module is designed for the New Normal. The world right now is devastated by the
pandemic

in the hard times that we are currently facing not only within our nation but internationally
which deeply threatens our mental health . This module is sent to you for individual readings
but you are expected to receive personal messages or SMS for further instructions.

This module should be used along with other available materials such as Ebook, Videos and
Power point presentations will be sent to you for further references and readings.

To avoid transmission of virus through this print materials, please observe proper protocols
and guidelines by hand washing and putting face and face mask before you begin working
with this module. (Adopted from Prof. Khadiguia O. Balah) Acknowledgement

This Module found its inspiration from the book of George Ritzer . Globalization: The
Essentials and other essentials materials used . I am grateful to the University specially to our
Dean in College of Arts And Social Science Prof. Mark Monderin that motivates me to finish
this module and facilitates the production of this module . This module is crafted due to the
new normal and rationalized based on the COVID 19 protocols that the students will still have
the access to learn and have deeper understanding of the subject .

Roselyn M. Clemen

August,2020
This course is a GE subject and provides a general introduction to the study of Contemporary
World. This course covers major concepts , ideologies and theories in the study of
Contemporary World and offers empirical analyses of the different government and global
politics . The course covers a comprehensive range of global issues, including the formation of
the nation-state, democratization, authoritarianism, political culture, political development,
comparative political economy, nationalism, ethnic politics, politics of religion, and political
institutions.

The course will also discuss some Global issues concerning the social, economic. political and
environmental aspects that have been important in the policy-making community I the present
time. Sustainable development and its impact to the developing countries.
For your guidance this are the parts of the Module.
CONTENT

Chapter I. Introduction to the study of Globalization

Lesson 1 .Concepts

Chapter II. The Structures of Globalization ar

Lesson 1.The Global Economy

a. Actors in Globalization
b. Modern World System
c. Attributes of Global Corporation
Lesson 2. Global Governance
a. Roles and Functions of the United Nations

Chapter III.A World Regions

Lesson 1. Global Divides: The North and the South

Lesson 2. Asian Regionalism
a. Regionalization vs. Globalization
Chapter IV. A World of Ideas

Lesson 1 . Global Media Culture

a. Evolution of Media and Globalization
Lesson 2 . The Globalization of Religion
a. Effects of Globalization to Religion

Chapter V .Global Population and Mobility

Lesson 1 : Global Demography

a. Demographic Transition
b. Theory of Population

Lesson 2. The Global City

a. Attributes of Global Cities
b. Criticisms of Global Cities

Lesson 3. Global Migration

a. Factors of Global Migration
b. Push and Pull Factors of Migration
c. Overseas Filipino Workers
Chapter VI. Sustainable Development

Lesson 1 Sustainable Development Goals

Lesson 2 Global Food Security

a. Factors influencing Global Food Security

Chapter VII. Global Citizenship

Lesson 1. Ethical Obligations of Global Citizenship

REFERENCE

GLOSSARY

APPENDICES COURSE GUIDE

This module was prepared for you to work diligently and honesty. Remember that this is
meant for you to deepened your knowledge and increase your awareness about globalization.
 1. Please do the handwashing before using and answering the module 2.

Focus your attention

3. Do your best in answering questions 4. Submit on time 5. Write neatly and legibly

and make sure no erasure 6. Make your answers complete and concise as possible

7. Do not allow yourself to copy other’s work just work independently.

Mid-term Period shall be based in accomplishing the following tasks:

Answer and submit all the quizzes comprising of selected response items and the open
constructed response items and take the Mid-term Examination on the 10 th week. The exact
date will be announced via online / mobile .

Final-term Period shall be based in accomplishing the following tasks:

Answer and submit all the exercises comprising of selected response items and the open
constructed response items and take the Final-term Examination on the 18 th week. The exact
date will be announced via online / mobile .

Grading System : CO 1 + CO2 = Mid-term Grade

CO3+ CO 4 = Final-term Grade

Midterm (50%) + Finalterm (50%) = Semestral Term
COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course introduces students to the contemporary world by examining the

multifaceted phenomenon of globalization.
 Using various disciplines of the social sciences, it examines the economic , social, political,
technological and other transformations that have created an increasing awareness of
the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe.

To this end , the course provides an overview of the various issues in global governance,
development and sustainability.
COURSE OUTCOME :

The student should be able to

CO 1 Describe the different interpretations and approaches to globalization and the

emergence of global economic, political, social and cultural systems.

CO 2 Identify the various contemporary drivers of globalization and related issues

CO 3 Examine issues confronting the nation-state in the context of globalization

CO 4 Discuss the ethical implications of global citizenship

Chapter I Introduction to the Study of

Globalization Lesson 1: Concepts
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the chapter, you should be able to:

A. Differentiate the competing conceptions of globalization

LESSON 1 : CONCEPTS
The emergence of globalization brought us to have
 to become more sociable and increase the awareness on
technological through this we have interactive movement on
different sphere such as political, social, cultural, economic and
technology which we best
describe as “ globalization” .

Before, the “ global age, ” people, things,

information, places, and objects tended to harden over time.
Their common characteristics was “ solidity, ”which is the
characteristic of being limited to one place.
Wherein solidity also refers to the persistence of barriers that
prevented free movement of people, information, and objects in
that period. Although solidity persists yet it
is “ fluidity ” that is more describe the face of the “ global
age. ”
Many years it seemed solid has tended to “ melt ”
and become increasingly mobile or turn into liquid state.

Consequently, a range of technological developments in transportation and

communication have enabled far greater global movement of what was previously solid. ”
Globalization is increasingly characterized by flows of liquid phenomena including people,
objects, decisions, information, and places. In spite of greater liquidity and ever - more flows of
various types, the world is still characterized by great inequality. While globalization flows more
easily through the developed world, it bypasses many locales in the less developed world.

Thus, concept of globalization can be also assess through metaphors of heavy, light,
and weightless. In the early years , there has been movement from that which is heavy to that
which is light and most recently to that which approaches weightlessness. Pre - industrial and
industrial societies were characterized as “ heavy, ” by that which is difficult to move. Moreover,
advances in transportation and technology made goods, people, and places lighter. Since we
are currently in an era defined not only by lightness but also increasingly by weightlessness.

Globalization is reshaping how we have

economic, technological, political, cultural, and
Globalization is a transplanetary process (es)
social aspects between countries
involving increasing liquidity and growing (Hamilton, 2008 )
multi -directional flows as well as the traditionally gone about studying the social world structures they
encounter and create. and human culture and a fi eld of globalization
studies is now emerging across the disciplines
Globalization is the worldwide integration of
 (Appelbaum and Robinson) from a basic human urge to seek a better and
more fulfilling life” (2007)
Nayan Chanda (2007: xiv) argues that
“globalization stems, among other things,

This is in line with Held and McGrew’s (2002: 1) definition of globalization as growing world
interconnectedness.
The manifestations of globalization include the spatial reorganization of production , the
interpenetration of industries across borders, the spread of financial markets, the diffusion of
identical consumer goods to distant countries, massive transfers of population. (Mittelman,
2000)
.

These are the core claims of globalism in the study conducted by STEGER, 2005

Globalization is about the liberalization and global

integration of markets

Globalization is inevitable and irreversible

NOBODY is in charge of globalization

Globalization benefits everyone

Globalization requires a global war on terror

Globalization further the spread of democracy in the world

Globalization further the spread of democracy in the world

The path of globalization will, of course, be changed not only by the force of ideas and
experiences (ideas about whether trade or capital market liberalization will improve growth
and the actual experiences with these reforms, for example) but also by global events.
(Stiglitz,2006) Chapter Quiz:

Quiz 1: Design Thinking Process

Brainstorm yourself with the working concept of globalization and come up with a design using
the different materials on hand such as pencil, bags or other things . Make a designs relating to
the different working concepts. You can use those materials as your sign or symbols for
globalization.

Place your design inside the space provided and write your discussion below.

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_ QUIZ
2:

Read about the concepts of globalization and fill in some missing facts below.

FACTS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION

Globalization in Economics

Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. In economics, globalization can be
defined as the process in which businesses, organizations, and countries begin operating on an
international scale..

Globalization in politics

Globalization in
Religion
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Globalization in Technology
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_ Globalization in
Culture
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GLOBAL ISSUES
These are the contemporary issues involve in a multifaceted dimensions such as political,
economic, social historical and geographic

components. The interconnected and series of event

happened in the global perspectives affected all human kind.

 • Population

• Food Production Six

Global
Energy

• Economic
• Environmental

Issues
• Poverty

Impact of Globalization

The wider effects of globalization, increased global awareness and the growth of illicit cross
border activities. Moreover, the global interconnectivity which probably facilitated the
illegitimate transaction of activities such black market and other human trafficking.

For the people living in deprived parts of the world , global awareness raises their expectations
and lower their tolerance of the situation they are in. this is probably a factor in the spread of
democracy and growing demands for political freedoms where these are still denied.

Whereas, people in richer countries, the information revolution is helping to forge a sense of
global community and transnational solidarity. This is a manifestation of global coalitions
 among nation states involving different universal issues such as human rights, humanitarian
aid and labor exploitation.

Further, the unskilled and indigenous people are particularly the vulnerable one. The high
rising building and increase mobility of economic enterprise lead them to displaced and
massive dislocation , environmental degradation and violations of human rights.

Quiz 3: Write the answer in a concise and legible manner. (20pts.)

QUESTION : How does globalization affects the society in general?

ANSWER: __________________________________________________________________

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_These are the underlying philosophies of the varying definitions of

globalization:

Imperialism is a broad concept that describes various methods employed by one

country to gain control (sometimes through territorial conquest) of another country
(or geographic area) and then to exercise control, especially political, economic, and
territorial, over that country (or geographic area), and perhaps many other
countries.
Neo-liberal and laissez-faire (Hands off style)
 COLONIALISM

- Are economic ideologies favoring free trade, free circulation of capital, and freedom to invest
anywhere have encouraged the growth of a complex international system of economic
interdependence that transcends national borders. (Filmer 1995).
involves settlers as well as much more formal mechanisms of political control than those of imperialism.

Development theory known as dependency theory ( Cardoso and Faletto 1979).

 It emphasizes the fact that the kinds of programs discussed above led not so much to the
development of the nation - states of the South, but more to a decline in their independence
and to an increase in their dependence on the countries of the North, especially the US.

Further, Dependency theory has tended to wane, but it has been replaced by, and to some
degree incorporated in, a broader theory known as world system theory ( Wallerstein

1974). This theory envisions a world divided mainly between the core and the periphery
with the nation – states associated with the latter being dependent on and exploited by, the
core nation - states.

Neo - Marxian Theories

Neo- Marxists have done more than critique neo- liberalism, they have developed their own
perspectives on, and theories of, capitalism. While neo - liberalism is supportive of capitalism,
the neo - Marxists are, needless to say, critical of it. In this section we offer two examples of a
neo - Marxian approach that are explicitly and implicitly critical of the neo - liberal theory.
Imperialism

is a broad concept that describes various methods employed by one country to gain control
(sometimes through territorial conquest) of another country (or geographic area) and then to
exercise control, especially political, economic, and territorial, over that country (or geographic
area), and perhaps many other countries. Americanization is another process that, like those
discussed above, is related to globalization, but is not identical, or reducible, to it. However,
there are certainly those who think it is. For example, former US Secretary of State Henry
Kissinger (1999) says that “globalisation is really another name for the dominant role of the
United States.”
Quiz 4
ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. .How can these people survive in the midst of globalization?

2. Can globalization help improve their lives?.

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Quiz 5: Essay Questions

1. How does Globalization encourage global awareness and community?
2. What are the chief Concerns about the impacts of Globalization?

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Exam:

Multiple Choice:
1. An investment by a firm in one nation - - state with the intention of controlling it.
a. Colonialism c. Foreign direct investment b. Transnational d. Multinational
Corporation 2. The methods employed by one nation- state to gain power over an
area(s) and then to exercise control over it.
b. Imperialism c. Liberalism
c. Colonialism d. Conservatism
3. A theory that emphasizes the fact that the kinds of programs discussed above led not so
much to the development of the nation - states of the South, but more to a decline in their
independence in specially in US.
a. Dependency c. Neo-liberalism
b. Colonialism d. World System
4. Development of the nation- states of the South contributed to a decline in their
independence; to an increase in their dependence on the North.
a.World System Theory c.Dependency Theory
b.Marxist Theory d. System Theory
5. The process that interconnect individuals and social groups across specific geo -p olitical
borders.
a. Transnationality c. Imperialism
b. Globalization d. Transnationalism
. II. Matching Type :Connect pictures to the given words below . (2x2pts)

1. a. energy

2. b. economic

3. c. poverty

4. d. environmental
5. e. Military

f. Food production

III. Identification
1. Identify two words that explain what globalization is(. 10pts.)
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2. Identify at least 2 global issues and relate to your actual observation in your own
community ( 20pts)
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IV. Essay Questions

1.How does Globalization encourage global awareness and community?

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2.What are the chief Concerns about the impacts of Globalization?

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