Course Content Lectures (weeks) Tutorial
Introduction:
-control terminology
1
-control system configuration
1 2
-classification of control systems
Modeling of the physical systems and process description:
2
-Mechanical, Electric, Hydraulic, Pneumatic, Thermal.
4 8
Determination of system time response:
- Solution of deferential equations
3 - Laplace transform 3 6
- Time response specifications
-Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion.
Control Actions: On-Off , Proportional, Integral, Derivative
4
-PID
1 1
Determination of system frequency response:
-Bode plots
5
- Polar plot 3 6
-Nyquist stability criteria
Industrial control systems:
- Controllers of different types
6
- Control laws
2 6
- Final control elements
Introduction
Plant (process): Physical object to be controlled (such as
a mechanical device, a heating furnace, a
chemical reactor, or a spacecraft)
Controlled Variable: The quantity or condition that is measured
and controlled (output of the plant)
Reference Input : The Actual desired input signal to the
control system
Actuating signal: Difference between reference input and
measured value of the controlled variable
Controller : The unit that reacts to the actuating signal
to produce a desired output
Manipulated Variable: The quantity or condition that is varied by
the controller so as to affect the value of
the controlled variable (input to the plant)
System: A combination of components that act
together and perform a certain objective
Disturbance : A signal that tends to adversely affect the
value of the output of a system
Open loop: The output has no effect on the control
action
Feedback A system that maintains a prescribed
control system relationship between the output and the
reference input by comparing them and using
the difference as a means of control
Open loop
Input Output
plant
Example: Washing machine (timers)
Disturbance
(d)
Command Reference Manipulated Controlled
(g) Input variable Variable
Reference Process
(r) Controller (u) (y)
Input Plant
(G1)
Element (G2)
Open loop control system
Closed loop
Actuating signal Manipulated variable
Reference Input
Output
Controller Plant
Feedback signal
Sensor
Feedback element
Disturbance
(d)
Command Reference Actuating signal Manipulated Controlled
(g) Input (Error) Variable Variable
Reference (r) Process
(e) Controller (u) (y)
Input Plant
(G2) (G1)
Element
Feedback signal
(Measured variable)
(m) Feedback
elements
(H)
Block diagram of feedback control system containing all basic elements
Steam Engine control system
Diesel Engine control system
Closed Loop Control System of Diesel Engine
Initial
spring
sitting Servo
mechanism Valve Engine Speed
Reference
Input Final Output
Controller Control Plant
element
Force to
position
Fly Balls
converter
Sensor
