FACULTY OF CIVIL AND GEOMATIC ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

TITLE: COURSE WORK ON REINFORCED CONCRETE

DESIGN (CE 353)

NAME: ADJEI KOFI YEBOAH

LECTURER: DR. AMPOFO
COURSE: RCD (CE 353)
INDEX No: 67588-03

07/11/05

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 SLAB DESIGN

 BEAM DESIGN

 COLUMN DESIGN
 FOUNDATION DESIGN
 SLAB
DESIGN

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

 Ref Calculation Output
Design of slab for Residence Area on Second Floor

Durability and fire resistance

Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm

Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.

Preliminary sizing of Slab

SLAB SKETCH

Basic span/ effective depth (d) <26*1=26 Modification factor =1

d>span /26
Minimum effective depth = 3800/26 =146.15mm
Assuming R12 bars D = d + concrete cover+ (bar diameter/2)
D = 146.15 + 25 + 6 =177.15mm
Choose D = 150mm
Therefore, d1 = 150-25-6 =119mm
d2 = 150-25-6-12 = 107mm

Loading
Self weight of slab = γ conc. *0.150
= 24 *0.150 = 3.60KN/m2
Ceilings and floors = 0.5KN/m2
Table Walls and partitions = 1KN/m2
3.14 Total Dead load = (3.60+0.5+1)KN/m2 Gk =5.10KN/m2

Imposed load = 3.0KN/m2 Qk= 3.0KN/m2

Design load, n = 1.4Gk + 1.6Qk

n= 11.94KN/m2
For a unit width n = 11.94KN/m
Hence the slab is a two way with three edges continuous.

Short Span
Mx’ =βx’nLx2
=0.062*11.94*3.82 =10.68KNm(hogging)
Mx = βxnLx2
= 0.045*11.94*3.82 =7.76KNm(sagging)
Long Span
My’ =βy’nLx 2

=0.014*11.94*3.82 =2.41KNm(hogging)
My = βynLx2
= 0.010*11.94*3.82 =1.72KNm(sagging)

Reinforcement Analysis

K=Ms/bd2 fcu
K=10.68*106/(1000*1492*30)
=0.016<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.016/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d
No comp.
required
Area of Steel(Hogging)
As = Mx’/0.95fyZ
=10.68*106/(0.952*119*250)
As=397.7mm2
Provide 24R12@275c/c(411mm2) Top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

As = My’/0.95fyZ
=2.41*106/(0.952*107*250)
As=99.8mm2
Provide 14R12@300c/c(376mm2) Top

Area of Steel (Sagging)

As = Mx/0.95fyZ
=7.76*106/(0.952*119*250)
As=289.0mm2
Provide 22R12@300c/c(376mm2) bottom

As = My/0.95fyZ
=1.72*106/(0.952*107*250)
As=71.2mm2
Provide 14R12@300c/c(376mm2) bottom
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS 8110 Steel Area Check
1997 Short span
Table
3.27 Allowable steel Area As:
0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
0.24% *1000*150 < 376 mm2 < 4% *1000*150
360 mm2 < 376 mm2 <6000mm2
Area of steel provided is satisfactory. As
satisfactory
Long span
Allowable steel Area As:
0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
0.24% *1000*107 < 376 mm2 < 4% *1000*107
256.8mm2 < 376 mm2 <4280mm2
Area of steel provided is satisfactory.

BS 8110 Cracking Check

3.1211.2 Maximum clear distance between bars in tension <3d or 750
Short span
3*119 = 357mm Cracking
Maximum clear distance between bars in tension =300-12 = width o.k
288mm<750mm
Therefore cracking width is satisfactory.
Long span
3*107 =321mm
Maximum clear distance between bars in tension =300-12 =
288mm<750mm
Therefore cracking width is satisfactory.

BS8110 Shear check

Table If depth of slab is<200mm no shear reinforcement is required. No shear
3.16 Depth of slab =180mm<200mm rnft required
Therefore provide no shear reinforcement.
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Deflection Check
8110 Short span
Table
3.10 Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d
Eq 7.0 Actual span/d =3800/119 =32.0
Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
M/bd2= 10.68 *106/1000*1192 =0.75
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=( 2*250*397.7) / (3*411)
fs= 161.27
Therefore , Mf = 0.5 Mf =1 is
Hence select Mf = 0.5 , (0.5*26=13) good
Also; 32>13
Deflection is not within limits

Long span

Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d

Actual span/d =6300/107=58.87
Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
M/bd2= 1.72*106/1000*1072=0.15
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=(2*250*71.2)/(3*376)
fs= 31.56
Therefore , Mf = 3.54
Hence select Mf = 3.54 , (3.54*26=92.04)
Also; 58.87<92.04 Mf=3.5 is
Deflection is within limits better
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
DETAIL SLAB DRAWING
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Design of slab for counselor’s Apartment

SLAB SKETCH

Durability and fire resistance

Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm

Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.

Preliminary Sizing of slab

Basic span/ effective depth (d) <26*1=26 Modification factor =1
d>span /26
Minimum effective depth = 3800/26 =146.15mm
Assuming R12 bars D = d + concrete cover+ (bar diameter/2)
D = 146.15 + 25 + 6 =177.15mm
Choose D = 150mm
Therefore, d1 = 150-25-6 =119mm
d2 = 150-25-6-12 = 107mm

Loading
Self weight of slab = γ conc. *0.180
= 24 *0.150 =3.6KN/m2
Ceilings and floors = 0.5KN/m2
Walls and partitions = 1KN/m2
Total Dead load = (3.6+0.5+1)KN/m2 Gk =5.1KN/m2
Imposed load = 3.0KN/m2 Qk= 3.0KN/m2
Design load, n = 1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
n= 11.94KN/m2
For a unit width n = 11.94KN/m

Hence the slab is a two way with three edges continuous.

Short Span
Mx’ =βx’nLx2
=0.082*11.94*3.82 =14.48KNm(hogging)
Mx = βxnLx2
= 0.062*11.94*3.82 =10.69KNm(sagging)
Long Span
My’ =βy’nLx2
=0.016*11.94*3.82 =2.75KNm(hogging)
My = βynLx2
= 0.012*11.94*3.82 =2.07KNm(sagging)

Reinforcement Analysis

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=14.48*106/(1000*1192*30)
=0.034<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed No comp.
Required
Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.034/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.97d , choose Z=0.95d

Area of Steel(Hogging)
As = Mx’/0.95fyZ
=14.48*106/(0.952*119*250)
As=539.3mm2
Provide 33R12@200c/c(565mm2) Top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Reinforcement Analysis

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=2.75*106/(1000*1072*30)
=0.008<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.008/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.99d , choose Z=0.95d

As = My’/0.95fyZ
=2.75*106/(0.952*107*250)
As=113.9mm2
Provide 14R12@300c/c(376mm2) Top

Area of Steel (Sagging)

As = Mx/0.95fyZ
=10.67*106/(0.952*119*250)
As=397.4mm2
Provide 24R12@275c/c(411mm2) bottom

As = My/0.95fyZ
=2.07*106/(0.952*107*250)
As=85.74mm2
Provide 14R12@300c/c(376mm2) bottom
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
DETAIL SLAB DRAWING
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS 8110 Steel Area Check
1997 Short span
Table
3.27 Allowable steel Area As:
0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
0.24% *1000*150 < 376 mm2 < 4% *1000*150
360 mm2 < 376 mm2 <6000mm2
Area of steel (As) provided is satisfactory. As
satisfactory
Long span
Allowable steel Area As:
0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
0.24% *1000*107 < 376 mm2 < 4% *1000*107
256.8 mm2 < 376 mm2 <4280mm2
Area of steel provided is satisfactory.

BS 8110 Cracking Check

3.1211.2 Maximum clear distance between bars in tension <3d or 750
Short span
3*119 = 357mm Cracking
Maximum clear distance between bars in tension =300-12 = width ok
288mm<750mm
Therefore cracking width is satisfactory.
Long span
3*107 =321mm
Maximum clear distance between bars in tension =300-12 =
288mm<750mm
Therefore cracking width is satisfactory.

BS8110 Shear check

Table If depth of slab is<200mm no shear reinforcement (rnft) is No shear
3.16 required. Depth of slab =180mm<200mm rnft required
Therefore provide no shear reinforcement.
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Deflection Check
8110 Short span
Table
3.10 Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d
Eq 7.0 Actual span/d =3800/119 =31.9
Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
M/bd2= 14.48 *106/1000*1192 =1.02
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=( 2*250*565) / (3*376)
fs= 250.4
Therefore , Mf = 0.98
Hence select Mf = 0.98 , (0.98*26=25.48)
Also; 31.9>25.48 Mf=1.0
Deflection is not within limits

Long span

Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d

Actual span/d =6300/107=58.87
Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
M/bd2= 2.75*106/1000*1072=0.24
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=(2*250*113.9)/(3*376)
fs= 50.48
Therefore , Mf = 3.12
Hence select Mf = 3 , (3.0*26=78)
Also; 58.87<78
Deflection is within limits
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Design of Slab in the Corridor

Durability and fire resistance

Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm

Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.

Preliminary Sizing of slab

Ly/Lx = 47600/2600
= 18.30>2.0
Hence slab is designed as a one way.

Basic span/ effective depth (d) <26*1=26 Modification factor =1

d>span /26
Minimum effective depth = 3800/26 =146.15mm
Assuming R12 bars D = d + concrete cover+ (bar diameter/2)
D = 146.15 + 25 + 6 =177.15mm
Choose D = 150mm
Therefore, d1 = 150-25-6 =119mm
d2 = 150-25-6-12 = 107mm
Loading
Self weight of slab = γ conc. *0.150
= 24 *0.150 = 3.6KN/m2
Ceilings and floors = 0.5KN/m2
Walls and partitions = 1KN/m2
Total Dead load = (3.6+0.5+1)KN/m2 Gk =5.1KN/m2

Imposed load = 3.0KN/m2 Qk= 3.0KN/m2

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Moment at mid span Mx = nLx2

8
= 11.34*2.62 = 9.58KN/m
8

Fixed end moment Mx2= nLx2

12
= 11.34*2.62 = 6.38KN/m
12

Reinforcement Analysis

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=9.58*106/(1000*1192*30)
=0.00225<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.00225/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d

As = Mx’/0.95fyZ
=9.58*106/(0.952*119*250)
As=356.8mm2
Provide 160R12@300c/c(376mm2) top

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=6.38*106/(1000*1072*30)
=0.018<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.018/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d
As = My/0.95fyZ
=2.24*106/(0.952*107*250)
As=224049mm2
Provide 10R12@300c/c(376mm2) top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Reinforcement Analysis

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=10.94*106/(1000*1492*30)
=0.00164<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=149[0.5 +(0.25-0.00164/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d

As = Mx’/0.95fyZ
=10.94*106/(0.95*149*250)
As=309.148mm2
Provide 160R12@300c/c(376mm2) bottom

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=6.38*106/(1000*1072*30)
=0.018<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.018/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d
As = My/0.95fyZ
=6.38*106/(0.952*107*250)
As=264.3mm2
Provide 10R12@300c/c(376mm2) bottom
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

DESIGN OF
ROOF BEAM
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Design of roof beam on grid O-O

Cover
=25mm
1.05KN/m roof loading
6.3m 2.3m 6.3m

Part D
1 =450mm
1997 Durability and fire resistance b=
Tabl 300mm
e 3.2 d1=411m
&3.3 Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm m
Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.

Preliminary Sizing of Beam

Basic span/ effective depth (d) <26*1=26 Modification factor =1

d>span /26
Minimum effective depth = 6300/26 =242.3mm
Assuming R12 bars D = d + concrete cover+ (bar diameter/2)
D = 242.3 + 25 + 6 =273.3mm
Design decisions
Choose D = 450mm
Chart Choose R8 as links bar
7 Choose R12 as reinforcement bar

Therefore, d1 = 450-25-6-8=411mm

Loading
Self weight of the beam= γ conc. *0.450
= 24*.450 =10.8KN/m2
Assumed loading from the roof = 1.05KN/m
Total dead weight = (10.8+1.05)=11.85 KN/m2
Total dead weight per span (A1)=11.85/6.3 =1.88KN/m
Total dead weight per span (A2)=11.85/2.3 =5.15KN/m
Total dead weight per span (A3)=11.85/6.3 =1.88KN/m

Imposed load per meter span =0.75*6.3 =4.725KN/m

Design loads
Design load n= 1.4Gk+1.6Qk

Span 6.3m n1= (1.4*1.88)+(1.6*4.725) =10.19 KN/m

Span 2.6m n2= (1.4*5.15)+(1.6*4.725) =14.77KN/m
Span 6.3m n3= (1.4*1.88)+(1.6*4.725) =10.19 KN/m

NB: the calculation and distribution of loads was done with a

program Beamax
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Support reinforcement

Maximum Hogging moment=20.54KNm

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=20.54*106/(300*4112*30)
=0.0014<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]

Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0014/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d
As = My/0.87fyZ
=20.54*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=241.86m2
Provide 3R12(339.3mm2)bottom
Mid span reinforcement

Maximum sagging moments=15.57KNm

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=15.57*106/(300*4112*30)
=0.0102<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0102/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d
As = Ms/0.87fyZ
=15.57*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=183.34mm2
Provide 3R12(339.3mm2) top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Support reinforcement

Maximum Hogging moment=26.8KNm

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=26.8*106/(300*4112*30)
=0.017<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.017/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d
As = My/0.87fyZ
=26.8*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=315.58mm2
Provide 3R12(339.3mm2) bottom
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Steel Area Check
8110 Allowable steel Area As:
1997 0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
3.12.61 0.24% *300*450 < 339.6 mm2 < 4% *300*450
Table 324 mm2 < 339.6mm2 <5400mm2 As is
3.27 Area of steel (As) provided is satisfactory. satisfactory

Shear Check
Maximum shear =35.19KN
BS 8110
Actual shear v =V/bd
Table
v = 35. 19*103/(411*300)
3.7
v =0.285N/mm2
but v<0.8fcu1/2 =4.38N/mm2
therefore ultimate shear is avoided
shear reinforcement
Vc=[0.79*(100As/bd)1/3*(400/d)1/4]/Ym
Vc=[0.79*(100*339.3/411*300)1/3*(400/411)1/4]/1.25
Vc =0.47

0.5Vc<v<Vc+0.4
0.24<0.285<0.64

Above condition is satisfied No shear

Therefore no shear reinforcement is required Rnft
Hence the minimum no. of links for the length of the beam is required
provided. Asv=201.08

Asv=2*ΠR2/4
= 2*Π*8*2
Asv=201.088mm2

Sv< (Asv*.95fy/0.4d)

Sv< (201.088*.95*250/0.4*411)
Sv<290.5

Therefore provide R8 links @250c/c

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Deflection Check
BS
8110 Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d
Table Actual span/d =6300/411 =15.32
3.10 Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
Eq Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
7.0 M/bd2= 20.54 *106/300*4112 =0.41
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=( 2*250*248.6) / (3*339.3)
fs= 122.1
Therefore , Mf = 2.26
Hence select Mf = 2.0, (2.0*26=52)
Also; 15.32<52
Mf=2.0
Deflection is within limits
Detailed Roof beam
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Continuous Roof beam grid A,B,C,D

1.05KN/m Roof loading

Durability and fire resistance

Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm

Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.

Preliminary Sizing of Beam

Basic span/ effective depth (d) <26*1=26 Modification factor =1

d>span /26
Minimum effective depth = 3800/26 =146.15mm
Assuming R12 bars D = d + concrete cover+ (bar diameter/2)
D = 146.15 + 25 + 6 =177.15mm
Design decisions
Choose D = 450mm
Choose R8 as links bar
Choose R12 as reinforcement bar

Therefore, d1 = 450-25-6-8=411mm

Loading
Self weight of the beam= γ conc. *0.450
= 24*.450 =10.8KN/m2
Assumed loading from the roof = 1.05KN/m2
Total dead weight = (10.8+1.05)=11.85 KN/m2
Total dead weight per span (A)=11.85/3.8 =3.12KN/m
Total dead weight per span (B)=11.85/3.8 =3.12KN/m
Total dead weight per span (C)=11.85/3.8 =3.12KN/m

Total dead weight per span (D)=11.85/3.8 =3.12KN/m

Imposed load per meter span =0.75*3.8=2.85KN/m

Design loads
Design load n= 1.4Gk+1.6Qk

Span 3.8m nA= (1.4*3.12)+(1.6*2.85) =8.928KN/m

Span 3.8m nB= (1.4*3.12)+(1.6*2.85) =8.928KN/m
Span 3.8m nC= (1.4*3.12)+(1.6*2.85) =8.928KN/m
Span 3.8m nD= (1.4*3.12)+(1.6*2.85) =8.928KN/m

Maximum Bending and Shear Force diagrams

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Support reinforcement

Maximum Hogging moment from Bending moment diagram

=5.37KNm
K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=5.37*106/(300*4112*30)
=0.0035<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0035/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.99d , choose Z=0.95d
As = My/0.87fyZ
=5.37*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=63.2mm2
Provide 3R12(339.3mm2) bottom
Mid span reinforcement

Maximum sagging moments=10.75KNm

K=Ms/bd2fcu
K=10.75*106/(300*4112*30)
=0.0071<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0071/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.99d , choose Z=0.95d
As = Ms/0.87fyZ
=10.75*106/(0.95*0.87*411*250)
As=126.58mm2
Provide 3R12(339.3mm2) top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Steel Area Check

BS Allowable steel Area As:
8110 0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
1997 0.24% *300*450 < 339.3mm2 < 4% *300*450
Table 324 mm2 < 339.3 mm2 <5400mm2
3.27 Area of steel (As) provided is satisfactory. As is
satisfactory

Shear Check
BS 8110 Maximum shear =16.97KN
Table
Actual shear v =V/bd
3.7
v = 16.97*103/(411*300)
v =0.13N/mm2
but v<0.8fcu1/2 =4.38N/mm2
therefore ultimate shear is avoided
shear reinforcement
Vc=[0.79*(100As/bd)1/3*(400/d)1/4]/Ym
Vc=[0.79*(100*339.3/411*300)1/3*(400/411)1/4]/1.25
Vc =0.058

0.5Vc<v<Vc+0.4
0.0028<0.13<0.458
No shear
Above condition is satisfied Rnft
Therefore no shear reinforcement is required required
Hence the minimum no. of links for the length of the beam is Asv=201.08
provided.

Asv=2*ΠR2/4
= 2*Π*8*2
Asv=201.088mm2

Sv< (Asv*.95fy/0.4d)

Sv< (201.088*.95*250/0.4*411)
Sv<290.5

Therefore provide R8 links @250c/c

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Deflection Check
8110
Table Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d
3.10 Actual span/d =3800/411 =9.25
Eq Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
7.0 Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
M/bd2= 5.37 *106/300*4112 =0.106
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=( 2*250*63.4) / (3*339.3)
fs= 31.14
Therefore , Mf = 3.5
Hence select Mf = 3.5 , (3.5*26=91)
Also; 9.25<91

Deflection is within limits

Detailed Roof beam
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

DESIGN
OF FLOOR BEAM
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Design of beam on grid E-E to J-J

bf

A1 A2 A3 A4 hf
3800mm 3800mm 3800mm 3800mm

D d

bw

Area of A1 between grid lines E-F

B=3.8m h= tan45o *3.8/2 =1.9m
A1 = ½*b*h
= ½*3.8*1.9 =3.61m2
But A1=A2=A3=A4=3.61m2

Durability and fire resistance

Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm

Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.

Preliminary Sizing of T-Beam

Interpolating for span to depth ratio
(26-R)/(1-X)= (20-16)/(1-0.3)
X =bw/bf =0.35/0.9=0.38
R=20-3.1976
R=16.464
Span/depth <16.464
3800/16.46 <D
D>230.86mm
 Design decisions
Choose D = 450mm
Choose R8 as links bar
Choose R12 as reinforcement bar

Therefore, d1 = 450-25-6-8=411mm
h1=150mm
bw=350mm

bf <bw+1/5(0.7*effective span)
bf <0.35+1/5(0.7*3.8)
bf <0.35+0.532
bf=900mm
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Loadings

Dead loads:
Self weight of slab= (3.61*0.15*24)/3.8
=3.42KN/m
Self weight of beam =(0.45-.15)*24*.35 =2.52KN/m
Weight of walls and furnishes= (3.61*3)/3.8 =1.425KN/m
Total dead weight = 3.42+2.52+1.425=7.37KN/m Gk=7.37

Imposed load = (3*3.61)/3.8 =2.85KN/m Qk =2.85

NB: since all the beams have the same area n1=n2=n3=n4=n
Ultimate moment n=1.4Gk+1.6Qk
N= (1.4*7.37)+(1.6*2.85)=14.87KN/m
n=14.871
n1=n2=n3=n4=n=14.871KN/m KN/m

beaming moment and shear force diagram 1

maximum sagging moment =8.95KNm

maximum Hogging moment =17.89KNm
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Mid span reinforcements
maximum sagging moment =8.95KNm

K=Ms/bFd2fcu
K=8.95*106/(900*4112*30)
=0.00196<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.00196/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.99d , choose Z=0.95d

As = My/0.87fyZ
=8.95*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=105.27mm2
Provide 2R12(226.2mm2) bottom

Maximum hogging=17.89KNm
K=Ms/bFd2fcu
K=17.89*106/(900*4112*30)
=0.0039<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0039/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.99d , choose Z=0.95d

As = Mx/0.87fyZ
=17.89*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=105.27mm2
Provide 2R12(226.2mm2) top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS
8110 Steel Area Check
1997 Allowable steel Area As:
3.12.61 0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
Table 0.24% *350*450 < 226.2mm2 < 4% *350*450
3.27 378 mm2 < 226.2 mm2 <5400mm2
Area of steel (As) provided not is satisfactory.

Shear Check
BS 8110
Maximum shear =28.25KN
Table
Actual shear v =V/bd
3.7
v = 28.25*103/(411*350)
v =0.196N/mm2
but v<0.8fcu1/2 =4.38N/mm2
therefore ultimate shear is avoided
shear reinforcement
Vc=[0.79*(100As/bd)1/3*(400/d)1/4]/Ym
Vc=[0.79*(100*226.2/411*350)1/3*(400/411)1/4]/1.25
Vc =0.338

0.5Vc<v<Vc+0.4
0.1696<0.196<0.738

Above condition is satisfied

Therefore no shear reinforcement is required
Hence the minimum no. of links for the length of the beam is
provided.

Asv=2*ΠR2/4
= 2*Π*8*2
Asv=201.088mm2

Sv< (Asv*.95fy/0.4d)

Sv< (201.088*.95*250/0.4*411)
Sv<290.5

Therefore provide R8 links @250c/c

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Deflection Check
8110
Tabl Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d
e Actual span/d =3800/411 =9.25
3.10 Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
Eq Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
7.0 M/bd2= 8.25 *106/350*4112 =0.139
Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=( 2*250*105.27) / (3*226.2)
fs= 77.56
Therefore , Mf = 3.2
Hence select Mf = 3.2 , (3.2*26=83.41)
Also; 9.25<83.41

Deflection is within limits

Detailed of beam

01

2R12
15R8@250c/c 15R8@250c/c 2R12
3800mm 3800mm 3800mm

01

900mm

150mm

/c
0c
450mm 25
R8@

25cover
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Design of beam on grid 1-1 to4-4 of the 1st floor

01 02 03 04

A1 A3
A2
2300mm 6300mm
6300mm

bf

D hf

L-BEAM SECTION
bw

Area of A1 between grid lines 1-1 and 2-2

A1 = ½*h(a+b)
a=6.3m b=1.26m h= tan45o *3.8/2 =1.9m
A1 = ½*1.9(6.3+1.26) =7.182m2
But area (A1=A3) therefore A3=7.182m2

A2 is between grid 2-2 and 3-3

A2 = ½*b*h A1=7.182m2
= ½*2.3*1.9 =2.185m2 A3=7.182m2
A2=2.185m2
Durability and fire resistance

Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm

Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm
Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory.
 Preliminary Sizing of L-Beam
Interpolating for span to depth ratio
(26-R)/(1-X)= (20-16)/(1-0.3)
X =bw/bf =0.35/0.45=0.77
R=20-3.1976
R=24.686
Span/depth <24.686
6300/24.686 <D
D>255.20mm
Design decisions
Choose D = 450mm
Choose R8 as links bar
Choose R12 as reinforcement bar

Therefore, d1 = 450-25-6-8=411mm
h1=150mm
bw=350mm

bf <bw+1/10(0.7*effective span)
bf <0.35+1/10(0.7*6.3)
bf <0.35+.441, bf<0.79m
bf=450mm
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Loadings

Dead loads:
Self weight of slab= (7.182*0.15*24)/6.3
=4.104KN/m
Self weight of beam =(0.45-.15)*24*.35 =2.52KN/m
Weight of walls and furnishes= (7.182*1.5)/6.3 =1.71KN/m
Total dead weight = 3.42+1.71+4.104=9.13KN/m
Imposed load
Imposed load = (3*7.182)/6.3 =3.42KN/m

Ultimate moment n=1.4Gk+1.6Qk

N1= (1.4*9.13)+(1.6*3.42)=18.26KN/m N1=18.26
However N3=18.26 N3=18.26

Dead loads:
Self weight of slab= (2.185*0.15*24)/2.3
=3.42KN/m
Self weight of beam =(0.45-.15)*24*.35 =2.52KN/m
Weight of walls and furnishes= (2.185*1.5)/2.3 =1.425KN/m
Total dead weight = 3.42+2.52+1.425=7.364KN/m
Imposed load
Imposed load = (3*2.185)/2.3=2.85KN/m
Ultimate moment n=1.4Gk+1.6Qk
N2= (1.4*7.364)+(1.6*2.85)=14.87KN/m N2=14.87

beaming moment and shear force diagram 2

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Mid span reinforcements
maximum sagging moment =36.68KNm

K=Ms/bFd2fcu
K=36.68*106/(450*4112*30)
=0.0016<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0016/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d

As = My/0.87fyZ
=36.68*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=431.92mm2
Provide 4R12(452.4mm2) bottom

Maximum hogging=27.84KNm
K=Ms/bFd2fcu
K=27.84*106/(450*4112*30)
=0.0122<0.156
There is no compression reinforcement needed

Lever arm
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-K/0.9)1/2]
Z=d[0.5 +(0.25-0.0122/0.9)1/2]
Z=0.98d , choose Z=0.95d

As = Mx/0.87fyZ
=27.84*106/(0.87*0.95*411*250)
As=327.8mm2
Provide 3R12(339.3mm2) top
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Steel Area Check
8110 Allowable steel Area As:
1997 0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
3.12.61 0.24% *350*450 < 339.3 mm2 < 4% *350*450
Table 378 mm2 < 339.3 mm2 <5400mm2
3.27 Area of steel (As) provided is satisfactory.

Shear Check
Maximum shear =62.92KN
BS 8110 Actual shear v =V/bd
Table
v = 62.92*103/(411*350)
3.7
v =0.44N/mm2
but v<0.8fcu =4.38N/mm2
1/ 2

therefore ultimate shear is avoided

shear reinforcement
Vc=[0.79*(100As/bd)1/3*(400/d)1/4]/Ym
Vc=[0.79*(100*339.3/411*350)1/3*(400/411)1/4]/1.25
Vc =0.095

0.5Vc<v<Vc+0.4
0.22<0.44<0.495

Above condition is satisfied

Therefore no shear reinforcement is required
Hence the minimum no. of links for the length of the beam is
provided.

Asv=2*ΠR2/4
= 2*Π*8*2
Asv=201.088mm2

Sv< (Asv*.95fy/0.4d)

Sv< (201.088*.95*250/0.4*411)
Sv<290.5

Therefore provide R8 links @250c/c

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS Deflection Check
811
0 Actual span/ d should not be greater than allowable span/d
Tabl Actual span/d =6300/411 =15.32
e Allowable span/d = modification factor (Mf)*26
3.10 Mf= 0.55+(477- fs) / 120(0.9+ (M/bd2)) less or equal to 2
Eq M/bd2= 27.84 *106/350*4112 =0.47
7.0 Design stress fs = 2fy Asreq./ 3Asprov.
fs=( 2*250*327.8) / (3*339.3)
fs= 161.02
Therefore , Mf = 1.9
Hence select Mf = 1.9 , (1.9*26=50.06)
Also; 15.32<50.06

Deflection is within limits

Detailed of beam

1 2 3 4
6300mm 2300mm 6300mm
K

3R12
25R8@250c/c 9R8@250c/c 25R8@250c/c
3R12

300mm

450mm

SECTION K-K
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

COLUMN
DESIGN
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Design of column on gridline A1

BS Durability and fire resistance

8110
part Nominal cover for very moderate conditions of exposure = 25mm
1 Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance = 20mm
1997 Since 25>20, provide nominal cover = 25mm Cover=25
Tabl Therefore durability and fire resistance are satisfactory. mm
e 3.3
Preliminary column sizing
Column is braced due to the presence of walls to resist lateral loads.
Choose cross sectional area of column =300mm*450mm
Width of column =300mm
Depth of cross section of column = 450mm
Clear height between end restraints =3075mm
Lo
=3075mm
Design Decision
Column sizing =300mm*450mm
Stirrup diameter = R8mm

450mm

3075mm 2nd
Floor

150mm
300mm A SKETCH OF
1st
A TYPICAL
3075mm Floor COLUMN
SECTION
150mm
300mm

Ground
4200mm
Floor

150mm
Below
Ground
Floor
300mm
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
` Column Design Analysis
Clear height of second floor column= 3075mm

End Conditions
Condition at top

End of column is connected monolithically to beams on either side and

are at least as deep as the overall dimension of the column.
D=450mm b=300mm
End condition at top=1.0

Condition at the bottom

End of column is connected monolithically to beams on either side and
are at least as deep as the overall dimension of the beam. D=450mm
b=300mm. the end condition at bottom is=1

Beta(β) =075 (braced column)

Effective height of column Le= β Lo
Le =075*3075
Le = 2306.25mm
Lex = effective height in respect of the major axis
Ley = effective height in respect of the minor axis
Lex=Ley= 2306.25mm

Lex/b =2306.25/300 =7.69<15

Ley/h =2306.25/450 =5.125<15

Hence the column is designed as a short braced axially loaded column.

Loading of column
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Loading of column due ot beam A1

N1= ½*(6.3*10.8)=34.02KN
Loading on column due to beam A2
N2= ½*8.33*3.8=15.827KN
Self weight of column
N3= (0.3*0.45*24*3.075)*1.4=13.95KN
Total axial load on second floor=(13.95+15.827+34.02)=63.80KN N=63.80KN

BS Design of second floor column

8110
Part 1 Total axial load =63.80KN
1997 N=0.4fcuAc+0.75fyAsc
Clause For rectangular column to allow for the area of concrete displayed
3.8.4.3 by longitudinal reinforcement.
Modified formula N =0.4fcubh +Asc(0.75fy-0.4fcu)
Ac is the net area of concrete
Asc is the area of longitudinal reinforcement
Therefore Asc =(N-0.4fcubh)/(0.75fy-0.4fcu)
Asc =(63.80*103-0.4*30*300*450)/[(0.75*250)-(0.4*30)]
Asc =-8871.79mm2 Asc=
-8871.9mm2
The negative sign indicates that compression reinforcement is not
required since N<0.4*fcubh

Hence provide nominal reinforcement.

 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
st
Design of 1 floor column

Column Design Analysis

BS 8110 Clear height of second floor column= 3075mm
clause
3.8.1.6.2 End Conditions
Condition at top

End of column is connected monolithically to beams on either

side and are at least as deep as the overall dimension of the
column.
D=450mm b=300mm
End condition at top=1.0

Condition at the bottom

End of column is connected monolithically to beams on either
side and are at least as deep as the overall dimension of the beam.
D=450mm b=300mm. the end condition at bottom is=1
BS 8110
table 3.19 Beta(β) =075 (braced column)
clause3.8.1.6 Effective height of column Le= β Lo
.1 Le =075*3075
Le = 2306.25mm
Lex = effective height in respect of the major axis
Ley = effective height in respect of the minor axis
Lex=Ley= 2306.25mm

Lex/b =2306.25/300 =7.69<15

Ley/h =2306.25/450 =5.125<15

Hence the column is designed as a short braced axially loaded

Loading of column
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Loading of column due ot beam A1
N1= ½*(6.3*18.26)=57.52KN
Loading on column due to beam A2
N2= ½*14.87*3.8=28.25KN
Self weight of column
N3= (0.3*0.45*24*3.075)*1.4=13.95KN
Total axial load on second floor=(13.95+57.52+28.25)=99.723KN

Design of first floor column

Total axial load =99.723KN

BS
N=0.4fcuAc+0.75fyAsc
8110
For rectangular column to allow for the area of concrete displayed by
Part 1
longitudinal reinforcement.
1997
Modified formula N =0.4fcubh +Asc(0.75fy-0.4fcu)
Clause
Ac is the net area of concrete
3.8.4.3
Asc is the area of longitudinal reinforcement
Therefore Asc =(N-0.4fcubh)/(0.75fy-0.4fcu)
Asc =(99.723*103-0.4*30*300*450)/[(0.75*250)-(0.4*30)] Asc =-
Asc =-8662.55mm2 8662.55m
m2
The negative sign indicates that compression reinforcement is not required
since N<0.4*fcubh

Hence provide nominal reinforcement.

In the design of the ground floor columns the net axial loading will increase
and it will be the total sum of the axial loading from the 1st floor and the axial
loads of the ground floor.

Nominal steel reinforcement

BS 100As/bd>0.4
8110 As= total area of longitudinal steel
3.12.6. Acol(bd) = cross sectional area of column
2 As>0.4bd/100
As>0.4*300*450/100
As>540mm2
Provide 4R20 bars(1257mm2) for ground floor

Provide 4R16 bars(804mm2) for the first floor

Provide 4R16 bars(804mm2) for the second floor

 COLUMN DRAWING

300mm
150mm Roof beam

300mm
B 3675mm B
300mm
4R16
SECTION B-B
150mm 2nd floor beam
300mm
C C
300mm
3675mm
SECTION C-C
4R16

150mm 1st floor beam

300mm
D D
300mm

4200mm SECTION D-D

4R20

Ground floor
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
No shear rnft
BS Hence concrete grade is o.k required.
8110 No reinforcement is required. Provide nominal links Provide
3.12.6.2 nominal links
Size and spacing of links
Minimum size= ¼*size of the largest compression bar or not less
than 5mm
Minimum size=1/4*20=5mm
Provide R8 links

BS 8110 Maximum spacing =12* size of the smallest compression bar

Part 1997
= 12*16=192mm
clause
Choose Sv=150mm Sv=150mm
3.8.5
Therefore provide R8@150c/c links Provide
R8@150c/c
links
BS
8110
1997
3.8.6
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

FOUNDATION
DESIGN
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Estimation of width of strip footing

Design decisions
Material used: Mass concrete select 6’’ sandcrete block
Width of block =150mm
Height of wall =2425mm

Design Analysis
Assuming a unit width of blockwall
Area in contact width ground = 0.15*1 =0.15m2
Volume of blockwall, V =0.15*2.425=0.364m3
BR 1 Unit width of sandcrete block =18KN/m3
Dead load, w =18*0.364=6.55KN
Ultimate design load =1.4*6.55
n =9.17KN N=9.17KN

Soil lab Minimum soil bearing capacity at 1.5m below ground

data level=200KN/m2

Minimum area of strip footing, Af= 9.17/200=0.046m2

Af>0.046m2
Width of strip footing=0.046/1=0.046m
Therefore minimum width=46mm Provide width
Select width of strip footing =150mm of strip
footing=150mm
Design pressure
Sigma =Ultimate design load/area of strip footing
= 9.17/0.2*1
=45.85KN/m2 S=45.85KN/m2
Design pressure S< minimum bearing capacity of soil Strip width is
Hence design pressure is satisfactory and footing width=200mm is ok
ok since 45.85KN/m2<200KN/m2
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Design of column base A

This is being designed as an isolated pad footing

Durability and fire resistance

BS Nominal cover for concrete surfaces cast against adequate
8110clause blinding>40mm
3.8.1.4
Nominal cover for 1.5 hours fire resistance =35mm Cover=
Choose nominal cover=50mm 50mm
Blinding =50mm Blinding =
Durability and fire resistance are satisfactory 50mm

Preliminary sizing

Minimum depth of 1.5hrs fire resistance = 100mm

Choose thickness of footing = 300mm
Assume square footing of 2.2m*2.2m
Bearing capacity of soil=200KN/m2

Loading
Serviceability Limit state

Total axial design load N=243.3KN

Assume weight of footing =20KN
Total axial load = 243.3+20=263.341KN

Minimum required base area

= 263.34/200
=1.317m2
Minimum length of square base =(1.317)1/2=1.15m
Hence provide a 2.2m*2.2m pad footing(4.84m2)
Design pressure
S=Ultimate design axial load /area of footing
S=263.34/4.84
S=54.41KN/m2 S=54.41
Design pressure< minimum bearing capacity of soil KN/m2
Hence design pressure is satisfactory and footing size is ok
Effective depth
Assuming R25 bars
Thickness of footing =D=300mm D=300mm
Therefore d= D-cover-25/2 D=237.5mm
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
Reinforcements
BS 8110
1997 Ultimate bending moment
3.11.2.2 The critical section of bending is at the face of the column
Square footing

Sketch`

For a square footing

Mxx=Myy=N*(1-b)2/81
=263.34*(2.2-0.3)2/8*2.2
Mu=54.01KN/m
2
BS 8110 K=Mu/bd fcu
6 2
’97 3.4.4 K=54.04*10 /2200*237.5 *25
K= 0.017 k<k’
Hence provide no compression reinforcement required.
Lever arm
Z=d{0.5+(0.25-k/0.9)1/2}
Z=d{0.5+(0.25-0.017/0.9)1/2}
Z=0.98d, Z=0.95d
Choose Z=0.95d
Area of steel required
As=Mu/0.95fyz
=54.01*106/(0.95*250*0.95*237.5)
=1008.5mm2 Provide
Provide 11R25@225c/c(2181mm2) bottom 11R25
W/A @225c/c
code of
practice
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output
BS
8110 Steel Area Check
’85 Allowable steel Area As:
table 0.24% bd < As < 4%bd
3.27 0.24% *300*300 < 2181mm2 < 4% *300*400
216 mm2 < 2181 mm2 <3600mm2
Area of steel (As) provided is satisfactory
Distribution reinforcement
BS Lc=1/2*2200=1100
8110 (3c/4)+(9d/4)=(3*300/4)+(9*237.5/4)
’97 =759.375
.12.3.2 Provide 11R20@225c/c and two thirds of the required
reinforcement should be concentrated within the zone from the
centerline of the column to 1.5d from the face of the
column=(1.5*237.5)+150=506.25mm at one end
And (1.5*237.5)+225=581.25mm at the other end.

Cracking shear
BS Allowable clear distance between bars<3d or 750
8110 D=237.5mm
Table 3d=3(237.5)=712.5mm
2.11.27 Maximum clear distance between bars=225-2(25/2)=200mm
200mm<712.5mm
Therefore cracking width is satisfactory.

Shear stress check

The critical section is at a distance d=240mm from the face of the
RCD column.
By Design shear force
Choo V=load on shaded area
V=S(1*a)
A =2200/2-(d+175)
= 750-237.5-175
=687.5mm
V=S(1*a)
=54.51(2.2*0.6875)=82.3KN
Design shear stress v=V/bd
V =82.3*103/2200*237.5
Design concrete shear stress
Vc=(0.79*(100As/bd)1/3*(400/d)1/4/Ym
 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Ref Calculations Output

Vc=(0.79*(100*2181/2200*237.5)1/3*(400/237.5)1/4/1.25
Vc=0.538
V=0.157N/mm2<0.538N/mm2
Hence section is adequate in shear and no reinforcement is required

Punching Shear
RCD Perimeter for checking punching shear is 1.5d from the loaded
by area. 1.5d=1.5*237.5=356.25mm
Choo Sketch

Critical perimeter= column perimeter+8(1.5d)

= (2*300) +(2*450)+(8*1.5*237.5)
=4350mm
Area within perimeter
=1.0622=1.13m2
=1.13m2 (area of shaded excluded)
Therefore shaded area=2.22 -1.13=3.71m2
Punching shear force
V=S*shaded area=54.51*3.741=201.92KN
Punching Shear stress
V=V/perimeter*d
= 201.92*103/4350*237.5
=0.195N/mm2
Hence v=0.195<Vc
But vmax=N/column perimeter*d
= 243.34*103/1500*237.5=0.658N/mm2
Vmax<0.8*fcu1/2=4N/mm2
Therefore punching shear is satisfactory
No shear reinforcement is required.