Book Review Writing Examples
Examples: Learn from the efforts of others
Learning how to write strong reviews takes time and not a little effort. Reading the reviews others
have done can help you get a feel for the flow and flavor of reviews.
If I Never Forever Endeavor
Review by Hayden, age 4, Southeast Michigan Mensa
This book was about a bird who didn't yet know how to fly.
The bird has to decide if it will try to fly, but it was not sure if it wants to. The bird thought, "If I
never forever endeavor" then I won't ever learn. On one wing, he worries he might fail and on the
other wing he thinks of how he may succeed. He worries that if he tries, he may get lost in the
world. That makes him want to stay in his nest where he's safe.
I think this book would help other children to learn that trying new things can be scary, but
sometimes when we try, we can find things that make us happy too. And this book will help others
know that mistakes are okay and part of learning.
My favorite part is that the bird tried and learned that she could fly. I also liked that I read this
book because it gave me a chance to talk to mom about making mistakes and how I don't like
making them. Then I learned they are good and part of learning.
Boys and girls who are 3 to 8 years old would like this book because it teaches about trying a new
thing and how it's important to get past being scared so you can learn new things.
I give the book 5 stars since I think it's important for other children to learn about courage.
THE POPULATION DENSITY OF LANDLOCKED STATES AND
WORLD POPULATION DENSITY: A COMPARISON
by Ivgota Rita Raport
ABSTRACT
Generalizations have stated that population clusters around coasts, rivers, and lowlands. From this,
the hypothesis that landlocked states have a lower than average population density was proposed.
Several sources were checked to determine the average world population density was around 92
people per square mile. An atlas and a world almanac were consulted to locate landlocked states
and their population densities. The mean population density for the landlocked states was
calculated, and this figure compared to the mean world population density. No statistical tests of
significance were undertaken. The mean population density of landlocked states was found to be
205.8 people per square mile. Thus, the hypothesis was rejected.
INTRODUCTION
Statement of the Problem
Demography, the study of population, is an important subfield of geography. Examination of the
population distribution and reasons for this distribution are often considered geographic themes.
One common generalization is that population clusters around coasts, rivers, and lowlands which
can be substantiated by examination of population dot maps. While population density varies
dramatically within many political units, this is an often used figure to examine the relationship
between population and area. Many states contain coastal areas, and only a few are considered
landlocked. These landlocked states might, thus be expected to have lower than average
population densities. The population density of landlocked states was compared to the average
population density of the world.
Significance of the Problem
Population is a major geographic concern, and an understanding of the spatial distribution of
population is helpful in examining many diverse geographic problems. Transportation for
landlocked states is particularly at risk because of the geopolitical balances and lead to military
aggression or oppression. Strength in numbers is sometimes a political factor. A better
understanding of the demography of landlocked states can contribute to an understanding of the
rise, perpetuation, and fall of the political units.
Purpose
The issue of population density of landlocked states was examined in order to better understand
their demography as related to the more numerous coastal states. Furthermore, the common
generalization about population being concentrated near coasts was, in part, tested.
Statement of Hypothesis
The hypothesis tested was the mean population density of landlocked states is lower than the mean
population density of the world. The null hypothesis was the mean population density of
landlocked states is the same as the mean population density of the world.
Assumptions and Limitations
Although one data source was used for the mean population densities of the landlocked states,
such a data base itself represents a compilation of data. Dates generally were given as 1989
estimates; however, that these data were comparable was assumed.
The accuracy and completeness of statistical data such as population density is always an
important concern and results in sometimes unknown limitations. Population density is an average
figure itself and can be extremely misleading, especially for areas as large as states. Examination
of population of major inland rivers and lowlands was not attempted so that the generalization
about population distribution which includes rivers and lowlands may have caused inclusion of the
landlocked states into the higher population density classification.
Definitions
Population densities in people per square mile were used. Landlocked states were defined as states
without oceanic coastline or access to the ocean through water bodies such as the Mediterranean
Sea, the Black Sea, or the Persian Gulf. Thus, Zaire, Jordan, and Romania were not considered
landlocked. A state was defined as a political unit listed as a state by the data source.
Ethical Considerations
The key question concerned comparison of statistical data from secondary data sources. Human
subjects were not directly involved. This study should not invoke significant emotional or risk
factors. Because of these characteristics, this study did not require review by the Institutional
Review Board.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
[The review of related literature gives the reader the necessary background to understand the study
by citing the investigations and findings of previous researchers and documents the researcher's
knowledge and preparation to investigate the problem. This section is not required for the G110
assignment.]
DESIGN OF THE STUDY
Sources of Data
The world population density was obtained, first, from two different world regional geography
textbooks, Jackson and Hudman(1) and Wheeler and Kostbade.(2) This figure was checked with
figures from a world almanac edited by Hoffman(3) and Haub, Kent, and Yanagishita.(4) A Nystrom
atlas(5) was used to locate the states and determine which category, landlocked or coastal, best
described each. The mean population densities of each landlocked state were obtained from the
average population density figures given in the "Nations of the World" listing ofThe World
Almanac.(6)
Sampling Procedures
All states listed in the data bank were located in the Nystrom World Atlas;(7) thus, no random
sampling procedures were utilized. The states examined were a complete sample by the definitions
used in "Nations of the World."(8)
Description of Procedures
World regional geography textbooks were consulted to locate the average world population
density figures, and then the world area and world population figures were used to derive it
directly as confirmation. Next, the individual state listings in "Nations of the World" (9) were
examined. Each state was located using the atlas and categorized as either coastal or landlocked. If
it was landlocked, its name and population density were recorded.
Methods and Instruments of Data Gathering
A list of landlocked states and their population densities was compiled. After completion of this
list, the world political map(10) was reexamined to locate all landlocked states and check that each
was included on the list.
Statistical Treatment
Upon completion of this procedure, the number of landlocked states on the list were counted and
recorded. The average population densities of each of the states were added, this sum was
recorded, and the sum was divided by the number of landlocked states to obtain a mean population
density for landlocked states. Finally, a comparison was made between the mean population
density of landlocked states and the mean population density of the world. If the former figure
were the higher, the hypothesis would have been rejected; but if it were the lower, the hypothesis
would have failed to be rejected. No formal tests of significance were undertaken.
ANALYSIS OF DATA
The Jackson and Hudman text stated:
The estimated population of the world in 1990 is about 5.3 billion. If they were evenly distributed
over the land area of the earth (including Antarctica), there would be approximately 92 persons
per square mile (35.5 per square kilometer) of land area. (11)
The Wheeler and Kostbade text gives the average population density as 89 people per square mile.
(12)
Figure 1 shows the calculations derived from the use of Hoffman's(13) figure for world land area
and the world population figure given by Haub, Kent, and Yanagishita.(14) This resulted in a mean
population density of 93 people per square mile. These figures were considerably close and the
range of 89-93 people was accepted as the mean world population density.
In the identification of landlocked states, only one difficulty was encountered. The Vatican City
was listed as a state; however, no population density was given.(15) It was assumed no one is truly a
citizen of the state, not even the Pope, and thus, they are represented elsewhere. It was, therefore,
excluded from the analysis. The appendix lists the 29 landlocked states and their population
densities. Figure 2 shows the calculations made in determining the mean population densities of
the landlocked states. The mean population density of the landlocked states was determined to be
205.8 persons per square mile. The difference between the mean population density of the land
locked states and the mean world population density is between 112.8 and 116.8. (See Figure 3.)
The mean population density of the landlocked states was more than twice that of the mean world
population density. (See Figure 4.) It might be noted by examination of the appendix, that 14 of 29
states have a mean population density of less than 100 persons per square mile. If the definition of
average had been mode rather than mean, the conclusion may have been different.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Restatement of the Problem
Population has been said to cluster along coasts, rivers, and lowlands. This might indicate a low
population density for landlocked states. The hypothesis, the mean population of landlocked states
is lower than the mean population density of the world, was tested.
Description of the Procedures
Two sources for the average world population density and its computation from source data were
used to determine the mean world population density.(16) A data base provided a list of states and
their population densities from an almanac.(17) With the combined assistance of an atlas,(18) a list of
landlocked states and their population densities was compiled. The total number of landlocked
states were counted, the sum of the densities was determined, and by division of these figures, the
mean population density of landlocked states was calculated. The two means were compared, and
the hypothesis tested.
Major Findings
The world population density was determined to be between 89 and 93 people per square mile while the 29 landlocked states had
a mean population density of 205.8 people per square mile, or more than twice the mean world population density. Therefore, the
hypothesis that landlocked states have a lower mean population density than the mean population density of the world was
rejected.
Conclusions
Landlocked states do not have a lower mean population density than the coastal nations. While this may at first seem indicated
by common broad generalizations, other complexities may predominate. The generalization also includes rivers and lowlands as
areas of population concentration. For example, Paraguay and Hungary are both lowlands, and Paraguay and Switzerland are on
important rivers. Furthermore, some landlocked states are near to coasts, even though they do not possess shorelines. Examples
include San Marino and Swaziland. These would be considered coastal in a dot map examination. Close examination of the data
indicates that almost half of the landlocked states do have population densities below the average. Thus, while no direct
relationship exists to support the simplistic statement, closer examination may help strengthen it and build toward an improved
understanding of these population distributions.
Recommendations for Further Investigation
Investigation of other influences on the population densities of landlocked states would be helpful and provide testable
hypotheses. Using modes and medians rather than means might also show substantiation of the generalizations.
Beyond this direct problem two other areas of investigation were suggested. One potential hypothesis would be that the mean
gross national product of landlocked states is less than the mean gross national product of the world. Another area of potential
investigation is the population density of islands. A possible hypothesis might be the mean population density of island states is
higher than the mean world population density. Many areas of investigation concerning population density remain to be
examined.
ABOUT THE PROJECT PROPOSAL
A Project Proposal is a document which you present to potential sponsors or clients to receive funding or get your
project approved.
Project Proposals contain key information about your project. They are essential for your sponsors since they’ll use
them to evaluate your project and determine whether or not they’ll allocate funds for it.
A Project Proposal is generally drafted during one of the early phases of your project (before detailed plans are
made and resources are allocated). Therefore, often time and budget estimates are rough, at best.
Project proposals do not follow the ‘one size fits all’ principle. This can be attributed to the fact that there are many
different types of proposals, all serving a unique purpose in their own right. Proposals can be internal (within your
organization) or external (written from one independent organization to another). They can be solicited or unsolicited. They
differ in form since some are for businesses, while others are for university or NGO projects.
Also, the amount of detail used when outlining proposals can vary significantly. In certain cases a few very short and
general phrases is sufficient (when the proposal is 2-3 pages), while in other cases all the major points must be set out in
detail (then the proposal would be 30-50 pages). Generally speaking, NGOs have more complicated proposals.
A Project Proposal is not a contract. It’s easy to confuse it with a Business Proposal (a document in which legal terms are
outlined). However, clients or sponsors merely sign the Project Proposal to approve its contents. After signing and
approving the Project Proposal a business starts drafting the following documents: a project charter, project plan, contract,
etc.
Despite the fact that many different formats are available, roughly 80-90% of all Project Proposals follow a similar
template. They mostly all have the same structure which contains a few key points.
We have compiled a few templates in this toolkit to help you chose the most appropriate one for your business. For
instance, you’ll find templates and generic business proposals, as well as NGO, grant, university and freelance project
proposals.
Example Guru Project Proposals
One of the trickiest parts of securing a freelance job is knowing how to write a winning project proposal. Not only do you
need to show off your strengths and experience; you need to write the proposal in a way that suits the Employer. There are a
number of approaches you can take. Some projects might only need a brief, informal project proposal. Other projects with
more moving pieces might require a more formal, in-depth proposal. Here are a few samples of project proposals you can use
as a starting point.
Example #1: Formal Approach
[NAME OF FREELANCER/COMPANY] proposes to produce, shoot, and edit a promotional video
for [THE CLIENT]. The purpose of the video will be to showcase new features available on [THE
CLIENT]’s website. The video will take the form of one 2-3 minute video that includes live action
footage and basic graphics/text as well as 2D animation. The concept and script shall be provided by
the client in English.
Pre-Production – provided by the client.
Shooting (1 Camera Operator, 1 Graphic Animator) – up to 10 hrs each
$900
Includes all necessary equipment for a 1-camera shoot, including HD camera and a lav mics. Shooting
will include demonstration of website use, rehearsing lines, blocking & staging, shooting multiple
angles & several takes, close-ups, capturing audio, developing script, lighting if needed. Graphics &
Animation
POSITION ESSAY EXAMPLES TO HELP YOU GRASP THE IDEA
If you are a student, then the phrase “position paper” makes total sense to you. You probably received this assignment at school
after a short explanation of the concept. And all you need now are several good position paper examples that will help you
understand how your own composition should really look like.
Writing a position paper sample is a serious job. You cannot just make a statement with no supporting evidence for your position
and hope that such an essay will do the trick. You have to take your time and do your homework.
In this article, we will walk you step by step through three position paper samples showing you what makes each one of them
outstanding.
WHAT IS A POSITION ESSAY?
A position essay is a composition in which a person presents an arguable statement about something and demonstrates why he or
she believes it is valid and worth listening to.
Its main goal is to present an idea. However, it is somewhat close to a persuasive or an argumentative essay, so one must be very
careful when creating it.
Here is our first position essay sample. Read and learn from our authors!
POSITION ESSAY SAMPLE #1: HELPING THOSE IN NEED: HOW CAN WE REALLY HELP THE POOR
ACROSS THE OCEANS?
DoSomething reports that around 3 billion people worldwide live on $2.5 a day while 1.3 billion have even less – about $1.25 a
day. Poverty leads to malnutrition which kills over 22.000 children every day.
750 million do not have clean drinking water, and as a result, around 2.300 people die of diarrhea or poor sanitation every single
day.
As you read these statements, real people with real lives died after struggling with horrible living conditions.They could not win
this fight on their own; they just don’t have the power for it.
OUR
People like me and you born in a country where provisions of light are seen as a lawful right, and not a blessing have only a
slight idea of what poverty really is. No wonder we don’t rush to help the developing countries.
The problem, as I see it, lies in our understanding of what this concept truly means.
Poverty is not just about having a less comfortable life than what you are used to. It is definitely not about having fewer luxuries
in our lives. And I want to make it clear that the poor in the developing countries do not have the privilege of having a roof over
their head, clean water, and plain food.
Poverty those 3 billion people are facing daily is about having little to no access to clean water, food supplies, or medicine to
keep them up and running. They do not have discounts and privileges. They are striving to survive!
So, it’s high time we saw the reality and stood up to help those needing our help!
The question is how exactly we as students can help people living in poverty?
I have gathered several good options which you can consider with me to make a difference.
How to help the poor when you are a student
1. Volunteer at an international organization.
You can make a difference in someone’s life by joining a program that makes lives people living in poverty better.
For instance, an organization called Global Crossroad can be a good choice for you. They are organizing trips for
young people from all over the world to the corners of the globe where their help is most needed. Thus, you can help
kids living on the streets in Peru, feed the poor at a food stand in Uganda, teach English to underprivileged kids in
Argentina, or work at an orphanage in India. Your impact there will be truly priceless.
There are tons of other organization doing the same good thing all over the world. Join them, and you won’t regret it!
This experience will indeed change your life and make you into a brand-new person!
2. Support a volunteer.
If you do not have an opportunity to go somewhere, support someone financially. If you have the heart for the poor or
want to help your heart grow, donate money to a volunteer who is willing to go to a different part of the world to help
the poor.
Your investment is valuable, so don’t hesitate!
3. Donate money.
As a student, you might have a pretty busy schedule, so going places can be a tough call. But you can always donate
money to trustworthy organizations for them to take care of those who are now struggling with all sorts of hardships
in life.
Even a few dollars can make a huge difference, and we all know that we can give more than that!
4. Help the locals.
Even though the word “poverty” is quite stretched, there are still people that need help around you. So, look for
organizations taking care of such people and join them in their effort to make a world a better place.
For instance, DoSomething has recently run a campaign called “Teens for Jeans.” They collected gently-worn jeans
for teens that could not afford to get a pair of new ones. There are dozens of other opportunities to help the poor in
your community, so maybe start there and then consider going overseas to help!
We cannot stay indifferent to the problem of poverty: sympathy is what makes us humans. So, I hope the facts mentioned above
will persuade you that the problem is real and much more significant than we thought while the suggestions of how to help and
solve this problem will give you a right direction and push you toward the goal.
We find this position essay rather powerful. The author not only presents his ideas clearly but also leaves the readers with a clear
call-to-action.
Another good point is that the author used statistical data from reliable sources to demonstrate that his position is supported by
facts and not just emotions. Besides, the paper is well-structured and organized in an easy to scan manner making it easy for the
audience to familiarize themselves with the arguments.
However, it might be hard to grasp the idea of a position essay from just one essay. So, here is another example of position paper
for your consideration.
Resume Samples
Getting Started With An Example Resume
A good resume starts with a professional resume layout. Our professionally-written free resume samples provide great examples
to customize and build a top-notch resume. We’ve written and formatted our samples based on research and interviews with HR
professionals to help ensure your resume focuses on what hiring managers care about.
No matter your level of work experience, your resume format is critical to making your application stand out. That’s why our
professionally curated resume samples provide real-world examples on what the best resume formats in your industry should
look like.
Download a sample resume sample, customize it and print it for free. Get started now to open the door to job interviews and job
offers!
Getting Started With An Example Resume
A good resume starts with a professional resume layout. Our professionally-written free resume samples provide great examples
to customize and build a top-notch resume. We’ve written and formatted our samples based on research and interviews with HR
professionals to help ensure your resume focuses on what hiring managers care about.
No matter your level of work experience, your resume format is critical to making your application stand out. That’s why our
professionally curated resume samples provide real-world examples on what the best resume formats in your industry should
look like.
Download a sample resume sample, customize it and print it for free. Get started now to open the door to job interviews and job
offers!
College Essay One
Prompt: Please submit a one-page, single-spaced essay that explains why you have chosen State University and your particular
major(s), department(s) or program(s).
State University and I possess a common vision. I, like State University, constantly work to explore the limits of nature by
exceeding expectations. Long an amateur scientist, it was this drive that brought me to the University of Texas for its Student
Science Training Program in 2013. Up to that point science had been my private past time, one I had yet to explore on anyone
else’s terms. My time at UT, however, changed that. Participating for the first time in a full-length research experiment at that
level, I felt more alive, more engaged, than I ever had before. Learning the complex dynamics between electromagnetic induction
and optics in an attempt to solve one of the holy grails of physics, gravitational-waves, I could not have been more pleased. Thus
vindicated, my desire to further formalize my love of science brings me to State University. Thanks to this experience, I know
now better than ever that State University is my future, because through it I seek another, permanent, opportunity to follow my
passion for science and engineering.
In addition to just science, I am drawn to State University for other reasons. I strive to work with the diverse group of people that
State University wholeheartedly accommodates – and who also share my mindset. They, like me, are there because State
University respects the value of diversity. I know from personal experience that in order to achieve the trust, honesty, and success
that State University values, new people are needed to create a respectful environment for these values. I feel that my background
as an American Sikh will provide an innovative perspective in the university’s search for knowledge while helping it to develop a
basis for future success. And that, truly, is the greatest success I can imagine.
This emphasis on diversity can also be found in the variety of specialized departments found at State University. On top of its
growing cultural and ethnic diversity, State University is becoming a master at creating a niche for every student. However, this
does not isolate students by forcing them to work with only those individuals who follow their specific discipline. Instead, it is
the seamless interaction between facilities that allows each department, from engineering to programming, to create a real
learning environment that profoundly mimics the real world. Thus, State University is not just the perfect place for me, it is the
only place for me. Indeed, having the intellectual keenness to absorb every ounce of knowledge presented through my time in the
IB program, I know that I can contribute to State University as it continues to cultivate a scholarly climate that encourages
intellectual curiosity.
At the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at State University, I will be able to do just that. In a department
where education and research are intermixed, I can continue to follow the path that towards scientific excellence. Long-
mesmerized by hobbies like my work with the FIRST Robotics team, I believe State University would be the best choice to
continue to nurture my love for electrical and computer engineering. I have only scratched the surface in this ever evolving field
but know that the technological potential is limitless. Likewise, I feel that my time at State University would make my potential
similarly limitless.
Admission for Employment
