Unit 3 Packet

Confederation, Constitution, & the Early Republic

Chapters 7, 8 & 9
Advanced Placement United States History
Mr. Bristol

Notebook Assignment Directions

-Attach this Unit 3 Packet Assignment sheet (sides 1 & 2) to – Assignment #2
-Attach the remaining sheets of the Unit 3 Packet pages as follows:
I. Prompt Analysis & Annotations – Assignment #3
-Attach and follow the given directions on sides 3 & 4.

II. Document Based Essay Question Graphic Organizer & Development – Assignment #4
-Attach and follow the given directions on sides 5 & 6.

III. Document Analysis & Annotations

-DO NOT USE HIGHLIGHTERS-
-NOTE: YOU WILL HAVE THREE DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT PEN/ PENCIL COLORS FOR EACH DOCUMENT-

A. Historical Topics
-Repeat the directions in step "B" below for documents organized according to these “historical topics”:

1. Confederation and Constitution - Assignment #5

2. First Party System - Assignment #6
3. Foreign Diplomacy - Assignment #7
4. Republican Society - Assignment #8

B. Document Analysis & Annotations (directions per DDPC)

-Use a distinctly different pen/pencil color for each of the following steps.
1. SOAPPS/ APPARTS Analysis:
INDIVIDUALLY analyze and annotate on each document. using either SOAPPS or APPARTS.
2. Outside Supporting Evidence:
INDIVIDUALLY -OR- with a PARTNER GROUP label/annotate outside supporting evidence in a
second DDPC. Reference any relevant information to United States history from this unit's
homework, previous unit homework or class work, and other classes.
3. Synthesis:
INDIVIDUALLY -OR- with a PARTNER GROUP explain the historical context of each document
in a third DDPC. Write in complete sentences. You must include information from each of the
following in your explanation:
 document evidence
 outside supporting evidence
 topic notes

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I. Prompt Analysis & Annotations
-DO NOT USE HIGHLIGHTERS-
A. Analysis and Annotations (directions per DDPC)
1. TOUR Analysis:
INDIVIDUALLY analyze and annotate/ label for each prompt:
 Time/era
 Organizational categories
 Unifying element
 Reasoning skill: **comparison/causation/continuity and change?**
2. Outside Supporting Evidence:
-With a PARTNERGROUP, in a distinctly different pen/ pencil color (DDPC), analyze and
annotate for supporting evidence. Include any relevant supporting evidence to United States history
from this unit's homework, previous unit homework and class work, and other classes.
3. Synthesis:
-INDIVIDUALLY -OR- with a PARTNER GROUP, synthesize with the "historical topics" listed in
Part "II" below in a third DDPC for EACH of the PROMPTS by labeling the best “historical topic”
to find supporting evidence.
-Refer to the analyses of the prompts, documents, research of the outside supporting evidence for the
documents, and homework to help in this determination.

B. Essay Prompts:
-DO NOT USE HIGHLIGHTERS-
-NOTE: YOU WILL HAVE THREE DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT PEN/ PENCIL COLORS FOR EACH PROMPT-

1. To what extent did the American Revolution fundamentally change American society? In your answer, be sure to
address the political, social, and economic effects of the Revolution in the period from 1775 to 1800.

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2. Analyze the major concerns generated by the writing and ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Confine
yourself to the period 1786-1792.

3. “It [the Spirit of Party] serves always to distract the Public Councils and enfeeble the Public
Administration. It agitates the Community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the
animosity of one part against another, foments [the occasional] riot and insurrection.”
To what extent is George Washington’s warning about political parties in his 1796 Farewell Address
accurate? Consider the beliefs, issues, and events regarding political parties in the United States within
the period of 1787 through 1801.

4. Analyze the political objectives and the economic goals of the United States and Great Britain heading into and
during the War of 1812.

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II. DBQ Graphic Organizer & Development
(INDIVIDUAL)
Graphic Organizer & Document Based Question (DBQ) Essay Development
A. INDIVIDUALLY complete all work for Part "II" on Notebook page ASSIGNMENT #
B. Directions:
1. Choose ONE of the prompts above and complete the following directions.
2. GRAPHIC ORGANIZER: Create a graphic organizer with relevant supporting inside and outside
historical evidence of the topic.
3. ESSAY DEVELOPMENT (OUTLINE):
a. thesis statement
b. describe relevant part of one document per point of interest (use the packet documents).
c. explanation of the document's relevance to the point of interest/topic
d. describe one supporting outside evidence for each point of interest body paragraph
e. explanation of the supporting outside evidence for each point of interest body paragraph.
f. Choose one point of interest OR one document/supporting evidence of a point of
interest.
-Describe the larger relevant historical context (just beyond the thesis statement)
connected to the chosen point of interest/ supporting evidence:
i. Describe an OUTSIDE supporting fact for the historical context.
ii. Explain the connection to/relevance of the historical context to the point
of interest/ supporting evidence.

Example for Outline Set-up:

Prompt #:
Thesis:

I. POI #1:
A. Doc & # name:
1. Relevant description:
2. Explanation of relevance:
B. Outside Evidence name:
1. Description:
2. Explanation:
C. Conclusion:
II. POI #2
A. Doc & # name:
1. Relevant description:
2. Explanation of relevance:
B. Outside Evidence name:
1. Description:
2. Explanation:
C. Conclusion:

Context
A. ONE Point of Interest/ Supporting Evidence from above
B. Supporting Fact
a. Describe:
b. Explanation:

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I. Confederation & Constitution
POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Articles of Confederation, "not worth a Continental", Treaty of Paris of 1783, Land Ordinance of
1785, Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784), Treaty of Fort McIntosh (1785), Northwest Ordinance of 1787, The People the Best Governors (1776), state
constitutions, Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom, abolition/ gradual emancipation, Shays’ Rebellion, Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan, Great
Compromise, "3/5 rule", electoral college, The Federalist, Bill of Rights.

Document 1
Source: Abigail Adams Letter to Thomas Jefferson, 29 January 1787.

With regard to the tumults in my native state, which you inquire about, I wish I could say that report had exaggerated
them. It is too true Sir, that they have been carried to so alarming a height as to stop the courts of justice in several
counties. Ignorant, restless desperados, without conscience or principles, have led a deluded multitude to follow their
standard, under pretense of grievances which have no existence but in their imaginations. Some of them were crying out
for a paper currency, some for an equal distribution of property.

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Document 2
Source: "John DeWitt" Letter III, 5 November 1787.

They uniformly exercise all the powers granted to them, and ninety-nine in a hundred are for grasping at more. It is this
passionate thirst for power, which has produced different branches to exercise different departments and mutual checks
upon those branches. The aristocratical hath ever been found to have the most influence, and the people in most
countries have been articulately attentive in providing checks against it. Let us see if it is the case here. -- A President, a
Senate, and a House of Representatives are proposed. The Judicial Department is at present out of the question, being
separated excepting in impeachments. The Legislative is divided between the People who are the Democratical, and the
Senate who are the Aristocratical part, and the Executive between the same Senate and the President who represents the
Monarchial Branch. -- In the construction of this System, their interests are put in opposite scales. If they are exactly
balanced, the Government will remain perfect; if there is a preponderancy, it will firmly prevail. When great and
extraordinary powers are vested in any man, or body of men, which in their exercise, may operate to the oppression of
the people, it is of high importance that powerful checks should be formed to prevent the abuse of it.

Document 3
Source: Federalist Papers #38, James Madison, 15 January 1788.

This one [critic of the Constitution] tells us that the proposed Constitution ought to be rejected, because it is not a
confederation of the States, but a government over individuals. Another admits that it ought to be a government over
individuals to a certain extent, but by no means to the extent proposed. A third does not object to the government over
individuals, or to the extent proposed, but to the want of a bill of rights. A fourth concurs in the absolute necessity of a
bill of rights, but contends that it ought to be declaratory, not of the personal rights of individuals, but of the rights
reserved to the States in their political capacity. A fifth is of opinion that a bill of rights of any sort would be superfluous
and misplaced, and that the plan would be unexceptionable but for the fatal power of regulating the times and places of
election.

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II. First Party System

POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Judiciary Act of 1789, Chisholm v. Georgia (1793), Report on the Public Credit,
strict, constructionist, implied powers, Report on Manufactures, Federalists, Republicans , XYZ Affair, alien and sedition acts, Virginia and
Kentucky Resolves, "Revolution of 1800", “universal white manhood suffrage”, Hartford Convention.

Document 4
Source: Federalist Papers #10, James Madison, 23 November 1787.
Complaints are everywhere heard from our most considerate and virtuous citizens, equally the friends of public and
private faith, and of public and personal liberty, that our governments are too unstable, that the public good is
disregarded in the conflicts of rival parties, and that measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice
and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority. However
anxiously we may wish that these complaints had no foundation, the evidence, of known facts will not permit us to deny
that they are in some degree true.

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Document 5
Source: Report on the Public Credit, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, 9 January 1790.
There are several reasons which render it probable that the situation of the State creditors would be worse than that of
the creditors of the Union, if there be not a national assumption of the State debts. Of these it will be sufficient to
mention two: one, that a principal branch of revenue is exclusively vested in the Union; the other, that a State must
always be checked in the imposition of taxes on articles of consumption, from the want of power to extend the same
regulation to the other States, and from the tendency of partial duties to injure its industry and commerce. Should the
State creditors stand upon a less eligible footing than the others, it is unnatural to expect they would see with pleasure a
provision for them. The influence which their dissatisfaction might have could not but operate injuriously, both for the
creditors and credit of the United States.

Hence it is even the interest of the creditors of the Union, that those of the individual States should be comprehended in
a general provision. Any attempt to secure to the former either exclusive or peculiar advantages would materially hazard
their interests.

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II. First Party System

POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Judiciary Act of 1789, Chisholm v. Georgia (1793), Report on the Public Credit,
strict, constructionist, implied powers, Report on Manufactures, Federalists, Republicans , XYZ Affair, alien and sedition acts, Virginia and
Kentucky Resolves, "Revolution of 1800", “universal white manhood suffrage”, Hartford Convention.

Document 6
Source: Farewell Address, George Washington, Philadelphia, 19 September 1796.

I have already intimated to you the danger of Parties in the State, with particular reference to the founding of them on
Geographical discriminations. Let me now…warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the
spirit of Party, generally…

The alternate domination of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge natural to party dissention…is
itself a frightful despotism.

The common and continual mischiefs of the spirit of Party are sufficient to make it the interest and the duty of a wise
People to discourage and restrain it.

It serves always to distract the Public Councils and enfeeble the Public Administration. It agitates the Community with
ill-founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and
insurrection.

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Document 7
Source: from Kentucky Resolutions, Thomas Jefferson, 16 November 1798.
II. Resolved, that the Constitution of the United States having delegated to Congress a power to punish treason,
counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States, piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and
offenses against the laws of nations, and no other crimes whatever, and it being true as a general principle, and one of
the amendments to the Constitution having also declared "that the powers not delegated to the United States by the
Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people," therefore also
[the Sedition Act of July 14, 1798]; as also the act passed by them on the 27th day of June, 1798, entitled "An act to
punish frauds committed on the Bank of the United States" (and all other their acts which assume to create, define, or
punish crimes other than those enumerated in the Constitution), are altogether void and of no force, and that the power
to create, define, and punish such other crimes is reserved, and of right appertains solely and exclusively to the respective
States, each within its own Territory.

Document 8
Source: First Inaugural Address, President Thomas Jefferson, 4 March 1801.

“Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We have called by different names brethren of the same
principle. We are all republicans, we are all federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union
or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion
may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it…

Let us, then, with courage and confidence pursue our own Federal and Republican principles, our attachment to union
and representative government…”

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III. Foreign Diplomacy
POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Neutrality Proclamation, Intercourse Act, Treaty of Greenville, Jay Treaty, Pinckney
Treaty, Farewell Address, XYZ Affair, alien and sedition acts, Chesapeake incident, Embargo Act of 1807, “peaceable coercion”, “Five
Civilized Tribes”, Indian,, Intercourse Act of 1790, pan-Indian military resistance movement, Battle of, Tippecanoe, "war hawks", Battle of
Put-in-Bay (Lake Erie), Battle of New Orleans, Hartford Convention, Treaty of Ghent, Rush – Bagot Agreement of1817, Adams-Onis/
Transcontinental Treaty of 1819, Monroe Doctrine of 1823

Document 9
Source: Proclamation of Neutrality, George Washington, 22 April 1793.

Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands, on the
one part, and France on the other; and the duty and interest of the United States require, that they should with sincerity and good
faith adopt and pursue a conduct friendly and impartial towards the belligerent powers.

I therefore thought fit by these presents, to declare the disposition of the United States to observe the conduct aforesaid towards
those powers respectively; and to exhort and warn the citizens of the United States carefully to avoid all acts and proceedings
whatsoever, which may in any manner tend to contravene such disposition.

And I do hereby also make known, that whosoever of the citizens of the United States shall render himself liable to punishment
or forfeiture under the law of nations, by committing, aiding or abetting hostilities against any of the said powers, or by carrying
to any of them those articles which are deemed contraband by the modern usage of nations, will not receive the protection of the
United States against such punishment or forfeiture; and further that I have given instructions to those officers to whom it
belongs, to cause prosecutions to be instituted against all persons, who shall, within the cognizance of the Courts of the United
States, violate the law of nations, with respect to the powers at war, or any of them.

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Document 10
Source: Ograbme, Alexander Anderson, 1807.

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III. Foreign Diplomacy
POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Neutrality Proclamation, Intercourse Act, Treaty of Greenville, Jay Treaty, Pinckney
Treaty, Farewell Address, XYZ Affair, alien and sedition acts, Chesapeake incident, Embargo Act of 1807, “peaceable coercion”, “Five
Civilized Tribes”, Indian,, Intercourse Act of 1790, pan-Indian military resistance movement, Battle of, Tippecanoe, "war hawks", Battle of
Put-in-Bay (Lake Erie), Battle of New Orleans, Hartford Convention, Treaty of Ghent, Rush – Bagot Agreement of1817, Adams-Onis/
Transcontinental Treaty of 1819, Monroe Doctrine of 1823

Document 11
Source: Macon's Bill No. 2, United States Congress, 14 May 1810.

Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That in case either Great Britain or France shall… so revoke or modify her edicts as
that they shall cease to violate the neutral commerce of the United States …"An act to interdict the commercial
intercourse between the United States and Great Britain and France and their dependencies, and for other purposes,"
shall, from and after the expiration of three months from the date of the proclamation aforesaid, be revived and have
full force and effect…

Document 12
Source: War Message to Congress, President James Madison, 1 June 1812.

Whether the United States shall continue passive under these progressive usurpations and these accumulating wrongs,
or, opposing force to force in defense of their national rights, shall commit a just cause into the hands of the Almighty
Disposer of Events, avoiding all connections which might entangle it in the contest or views of other powers, and
preserving a constant readiness to concur in an honorable reestablishment of peace and friendship, is a solemn question
which the Constitution wisely confides to the legislative department of the Government. In recommending it to their
early deliberations I am happy in the assurance that the decision will be worthy the enlightened and patriotic councils of
a virtuous, a free, and a powerful nation.

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Document 13
Source: Monroe Doctrine, President James Monroe's Seventh Annual Message to Congress, 2 December 1823.

At the proposal of the Russian Imperial Government, made through the minister of the Emperor residing here,
a full power and instructions have been transmitted to the Minister of the United States at St. Petersburgh to arrange, by
amicable negotiation, the respective rights and interests of the two nations on the northwest coast of this continent. A
similar proposal has been made by His Imperial Majesty to the Government of Great Britain, which has likewise been
acceded to. The Government of the United States has been desirous, by this friendly proceeding, of manifesting the
great value which they have invariably attached to the friendship of the Emperor, and their solicitude to cultivate the
best understanding with his Government. In the discussions to which this interest has given rise, and in the
arrangements by which they may terminate the occasion has been judged proper for asserting, as a principle in which the
rights and interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent
condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future
colonization by any European powers....
The late events in Spain and Portugal, shew that Europe is still unsettled. Of this important fact, no stronger
proof can be adduced than that the allied powers should have thought it proper, on any principle satisfactory to
themselves, to have interposed, by force, in the internal concerns of Spain. To what extent such interposition may be
carried, on the same principle, is a question, to which all independent powers, whose governments differ from theirs, are
interested; even those most remote, and surely none more so than the United States. Our policy, in regard to Europe,
which was adopted at an early stage of the wars which have so long agitated that quarter of the globe, nevertheless
remains the same, which is, not to interfere in the internal concerns of any of its powers; to consider the government de
facto as the legitimate government for us; to cultivate friendly relations with it, and to preserve those relations by a frank,
firm, and manly policy; meeting, in all instances, the just claims of every power; submitting to injuries from no ne.

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IV. Republic Society
POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom, abolition/ gradual emancipation, St.
Thomas, African Episcopal Church, Benjamin Banneker, Phyllis Wheatley, Judiciary Act of 1789, Chisholm v. Georgia (1793), Report on
the Public Credit, strict constructionist, implied powers, Report on Manufactures, Whiskey Rebellion, Treaty of Greenville, Farewell
Address, "Revolution of 1800", “universal white manhood suffrage”, “new man”, “republican mother”, Corps of Discovery (Lewis and
Clark Expedition), Columbia, “Bostons”, Flying Cloud, Jefferson’s Inaugural Address, agrarian republic, Marbury v. Madison (1803),
Louisiana Purchase, “Five Civilized Tribes”, Indian Intercourse Act of 1790, pan-Indian military resistance movement, Battle of
Tippecanoe, Hartford Convention , Land Act of 1820, “Western Reserve”, Old Southwest, “Era of Good Feelings”, The American System,
Panic of 1819, Missouri Compromise.

Document 14
Source: Woodcut of Patriot woman, Marblehead, Massachusetts, 1779.

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Document 15
Source: Statutes of Virginia, 16 January 1786.

Be it enacted by the general Assembly, that no man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious worship, place, or
ministry whatsoever… but that all men shall be free to profess, and by argument to maintain, their opinion in matters of religion.

Document 16
Source: Medal of the Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, 1786.

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IV. Republic Society
POSSIBLE OUTSIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE: Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom, abolition/ gradual emancipation, St.
Thomas, African Episcopal Church, Benjamin Banneker, Phyllis Wheatley, Judiciary Act of 1789, Chisholm v. Georgia (1793), Report on
the Public Credit, strict constructionist, implied powers, Report on Manufactures, Whiskey Rebellion, Treaty of Greenville, Farewell
Address, "Revolution of 1800", “universal white manhood suffrage”, “new man”, “republican mother”, Corps of Discovery (Lewis and
Clark Expedition), Columbia, “Bostons”, Flying Cloud, Jefferson’s Inaugural Address, agrarian republic, Marbury v. Madison (1803),
Louisiana Purchase, “Five Civilized Tribes”, Indian Intercourse Act of 1790, pan-Indian military resistance movement, Battle of
Tippecanoe, Hartford Convention , Land Act of 1820, “Western Reserve”, Old Southwest, “Era of Good Feelings”, The American System,
Panic of 1819, Missouri Compromise.

Document 17
Source: Speech at the Confederate Council, United Indian Nations, 18 December 1786.

Brethren of the United States of America: it is now more than three years since peace was made between the King of
Great Britain and you, but we, the Indians, were disappointed, finding ourselves not included in that peace... for we
thought that its conclusion would have promoted a friendship between the United States and the Indians... You kindled
your council fires where you thought proper, without consulting us, at which you held separate treaties and have entirely
neglected our plan of having a general conference with the different nations of the confederacy.

Document 18
Source: An Act to Prevent the Spreading of Contagious Sickness, Massachusetts public health law, 22 June 1797.

Section 1: Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority
of the same, that for the better preventing the spreading infection, when it shall happen that any person or persons
coming from abroad, or belonging to any town or place within this state, shall be visited, or shall lately before have been
visited with the plague, smallpox, pestilential or malignant fever, or other contagious sickness, the infection whereof may
probably be communicated to others; the selectmen of the town where such person or persons may arrive or be are
hereby empowered to take care and make effectual provision in the best way they can for the preservation of the
inhabitants, by removing such sick or infected person or persons and placing him or them in a separate house or houses,
and by providing nurses, attendance, and other assistance and necessaries for them; which nurses, attendance, and other
assistance and necessaries shall be at the charge of the parties themselves, their parents or masters (if able), or otherwise
at the charge of the town or place whereto they belong; and in case such person or persons are not inhabitants of any
town or place within this state, then at the charge of the commonwealth.

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Document 19
Source: Thomas Jefferson letter to John Holmes regarding the Missouri Compromise, 22 April 1820.

I had for a long time ceased to read newspapers, or pay any attention to public affairs, confident that they were in good
hands, and content to be a passenger in our bark to the shore from which I am not distant. But this momentous
question, like a firebell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the [sign of death] of
the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence. A geographical line,
coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived and held up to the angry passions of men, will
never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper. I can say, with conscious truth, that there is
not a man on earth who would sacrifice more than I would to relieve us from this heavy reproach, in any practicable
way.

The cession of that kind of property, for so it is misnamed, is a [trifle] which would not cost me a second thought, if, in
that way, a general emancipation and [removal of the people] could be effected; and gradually, and with due sacrifices, I
think it might be. But as it is, we have the wolf by the ears, and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is
in one scale, and self-preservation in the other.

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