CHASSIS — BRAKE CH-55
BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM (ABS WITH EBD)
1. General
The brake control system (ABS with EBD) has the following functions:
Function Outline
The ABS helps prevent the wheels from locking when the brakes are
ABS (Anti-lock Brake System)
applied firmly or when braking on a slippery surface.
The EBD control utilizes ABS, realizing the proper brake force
distribution between the front and rear wheels in accordance with the
EBD driving conditions.
(Electronic Brake force Distribution) In addition, during braking while cornering, it also controls the brake
forces of the right and left wheels, helping to maintain desired vehicle
behavior.
Service Tip
When brake control system is activated, the brake pedal may shudder, this is a normal occurrence of
system operation and should not be considered a malfunction.
2. System Diagram
Combination Meter
Brake Fluid Level • Speedometer
Switch Signal • ABS Warning Light
• Brake System Warning Light
Stop Light Switch
Speed
Sensor
Speed
Sensor
Brake Actuator
Speed Relays
Sensor
Speed
Sensor
Skid Control ECU
DLC3
264CH24
CH-56 CHASSIS — BRAKE
3. Outline of EBD Control
General
The distribution of the brake force, which was performed mechanically in the past, is now performed using
the electrical control of the Skid Control ECU, which controls the braking force in accordance with the
vehicle’s driving conditions.
Front/Rear Wheel Brake Force Distribution
If the brakes are applied while the vehicle is moving straight forward, the transfer of load due to braking
reduces the load that is applied to the rear wheels. The Skid Control ECU determines this condition by way
of the signals from the speed sensors, and the brake actuator regulates the distribution of the brake force
to the rear wheels to optimally control brake balance.
For example, the amount of brake force that can be applied to the rear wheels during braking varies
depending on whether the vehicle is carrying a load. The amount of the brake force that is applied to the
rear wheels also varies in accordance with the extent of the deceleration.
Thus, the distribution of brake force to the rear is optimally controlled in order to effectively utilize the
braking force of the rear wheels under these conditions.
EBD Control Concept
Ideal Brake Force Distribution Ideal Brake Force Distribution
Rear Rear
Brake Brake EBD control
Force Force
EBD control
Front Brake Force Front Brake Force
Without Load in Rear With Load in Rear
182CH56
Right/Left Wheel Brake Force Distribution (During Cornering Braking)
When the brakes are applied while the vehicle is
cornering, the load that is applied to the inner wheel
decreases as the load applied to the outer wheel
increases.
The Skid Control ECU determines this condition by
way of the signals from the speed sensors, and the
brake actuator regulates the brake force in order to
optimally control the distribution of the brake force
to the inner and outer wheels.
181CH56
CHASSIS — BRAKE CH-57
4. Layout of Main Components
Brake System Warning Light
ABS Warning Light
Stop Light Switch
DLC3
0300CH18Z
Speed Sensors
Brake Actuator
• Skid Control ECU
Speed Sensors
264CH26
CH-58 CHASSIS — BRAKE
5. Function of Main Components
Component Function
• Lights up to alert the driver when a malfunction occurs in the
Brake System
EBD or Skid Control ECU.
Warning Light
Combination Meter • Lights up to alert the driver when the brake fluid level is low.
Lights up to alert the driver when the Skid Control ECU detects
ABS Warning Light
a malfunction in the ABS or EBD.
Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch Detects the brake fluid level.
Stop Light Switch Detects brake pedal application.
Speed Sensors Detects the wheel speed of all 4 wheels.
Changes of fluid path based on the signals from the Skid
Control ECU during the operation of the ABS with EBD, in
Actuator Portion
order to control the fluid pressure that is applied to the brakes
for the different wheels.
Judges the vehicle operating conditions based on signals from
Brake Actuator Skid Control ECU different sensors, and sends brake control signals to the brake
actuator.
Supplies or cuts off power to solenoid valves in the brake
ABS Solenoid Relay
actuator.
ABS Motor Relay Supplies power to the pump motor in the brake actuator.
CHASSIS — BRAKE CH-59
6. Brake Actuator
General Skid Control ECU
The brake actuator consists of the actuator
portion, Skid Control ECU, ABS solenoid relay,
and ABS motor relay.
The 2 relays are built in the Skid Control ECU.
Actuator Portion 247CH31
Electronic Diagram
+BM +BS BRL WA WTIR PN SP1 IG1 STP TC D/G TS
FR+
ABS Motor Relay ABS Solenoid Relay Skid Control ECU
FR-
FL+
FL-
RR+
Pump RR-
Motor
RL+
RL-
TSI
INIT
PKB
Solenoid Valves GND2
GND1
Brake Actuator
264CH27
CH-60 CHASSIS — BRAKE
Actuator Portion
The actuator portion consists of 8 two-position solenoid valves, 1 motor, 2 pumps and 2 reservoirs. The 8
two-solenoid valves consist of 4 pressure holding valves [(1), (2), (3), (4)] and 4 pressure reduction valves
[(5), (6), (7), (8)].
Hydraulic Circuit
Brake Actuator
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Pumps
(6) Reservoirs (7) (8)
(5)
Front Left Rear Right Rear Left Front Right
240CH99
CHASSIS — BRAKE CH-61
7. System Operation
ABS with EBD Operation
Based on the signals received from the four wheel speed sensors, the Skid Control ECU calculates the wheel
rotation speed and deceleration for each wheel, in order to check for a wheel slippage condition. According
to the slippage condition, the ECU controls the pressure holding solenoid valves and pressure reduction
solenoid valves in order to adjust the fluid pressure of the brakes for each of the wheels in the following
three modes: pressure reduction, pressure holding, and pressure increase modes.
Not Activated Normal Braking — —
Activated Increase Mode Holding Mode Reduction Mode
Port A
Pressure
Holding To
Valve Reservoir
Hydraulic Circuit Port B and Pump
Pressure To Wheel From Wheel
Reduction Cylinder Cylinder
Valve
169CH54 169CH55 169CH56
Pressure Holding Valve
OFF (Open) ON (Closed)
(Port A)
Pressure Reduction Valve
OFF (Closed) ON (Open)
(Port B)
Wheel Cylinder Pressure Increase Hold Reduction
Initial Check
After the ignition is turned ON, and the vehicle attains a speed of approximately 6 km/h (4 mph) or more
for the first time, the Skid Control ECU will perform an initial check.
The functions of each solenoid valve and pump motor in the brake actuator are checked in sequence.
CH-62 CHASSIS — BRAKE
Self-diagnosis
If the Skid Control ECU detects a malfunction in the ABS or EBD system, the ABS and brake system
warning lights that correspond to the function for which the malfunction have been detected indicate or
light up to alert the driver of the malfunction as indicated in the table below.
: Light ON —: Light OFF
Item ABS EBD Skid Control ECU
ABS Warning Light
Brake System Warning Light —
At the same time, the DTCs (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) are stored in memory. The DTCs can be read
by connecting the SST (09843-18040) between the Tc and CG terminals of DLC3 and observing the
blinking of the ABS warning light. The DTCs can also be read using a hand held tester after connecting
it to DLC3.
This system has a sensor signal check (test mode) function. This function can be activated after
connecting a hand-held tester.
If the Skid Control ECU detects a malfunction during a sensor signal check (test mode), it stores the DTC
in its memory. These DTCs can be read during a sensor check operation by connecting the Tc and CG
terminals of the DLC3 and observing the blinking of the ABS warning light or by use of a hand-held
tester.
For details of the DTCs that are stored in Skid Control ECU memory and the DTCs that are output through
the sensor signal check (test mode) functions, see the 2007 tC Repair Manual (Pub. No. RM0300U).
Fail-safe
In the event of a malfunction of the ABS, the Skid Control ECU prohibits ABS operation.
In the event of an EBD control malfunction, the Skid Control ECU prohibits EBD control. Thus, the
brakes will operate in the same manner as a vehicle without EBD.
