This document provides information about carbon compounds and macromolecules. It defines key terms like monomer, polymer, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid, and protein. It compares and contrasts the four main types of macromolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins - in terms of their elements, monomers, uses, and examples. The document then discusses amino acids, the monomers of proteins, explaining their three parts - amino group, R group, and carboxyl group - and how two amino acids join through a peptide bond. It includes diagrams of generic and specific amino acids and related questions.
This document provides information about carbon compounds and macromolecules. It defines key terms like monomer, polymer, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid, and protein. It compares and contrasts the four main types of macromolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins - in terms of their elements, monomers, uses, and examples. The document then discusses amino acids, the monomers of proteins, explaining their three parts - amino group, R group, and carboxyl group - and how two amino acids join through a peptide bond. It includes diagrams of generic and specific amino acids and related questions.
This document provides information about carbon compounds and macromolecules. It defines key terms like monomer, polymer, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid, and protein. It compares and contrasts the four main types of macromolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins - in terms of their elements, monomers, uses, and examples. The document then discusses amino acids, the monomers of proteins, explaining their three parts - amino group, R group, and carboxyl group - and how two amino acids join through a peptide bond. It includes diagrams of generic and specific amino acids and related questions.
This document provides information about carbon compounds and macromolecules. It defines key terms like monomer, polymer, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid, and protein. It compares and contrasts the four main types of macromolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins - in terms of their elements, monomers, uses, and examples. The document then discusses amino acids, the monomers of proteins, explaining their three parts - amino group, R group, and carboxyl group - and how two amino acids join through a peptide bond. It includes diagrams of generic and specific amino acids and related questions.
Lesson Objectives Describe the unique qualities of carbon. Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules.
BUILD Vocabulary A. The chart below shows key terms from the lesson with their definitions. Complete the chart by writing a strategy to help you remember the meaning of each term. One has been done for you.
Term Definition
Compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group
on the other end; building block of proteins
Compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1
ratio that is used by living things for energy
A polymer, such as fats and oils, composed of mostly carbon and
hydrogen atoms, with less oxygen than other organic compounds
A small unit that joins with other small units to form polymers
A polymer, such as DNA, that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen, and phosphorus and that stores cellular information
Large compound that is made from monomers linked together
Continued on next page
19 Name Class Date
Term Definition
A polymer that contains nitrogen as well as carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen, and that acts as a building material for cells and makes up enzymes.
BUILD Understanding Compare/Contrast Table Use a compare/contrast table when you want to see the similarities and differences between two or more objects or processes. Complete the table below comparing and contrasting carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.
Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins
Elements that carbon, hydrogen, compose the and oxygen (1:2:1 macromolecule ratio) &
MONOMERS SACCHARIDES
Use of the used in living store and
macromolecule things as the main transmit source of energy hereditary and some information organisms use it for structural purposes
Examples of the polysaccharides DNA,
macromolecule such as glycogen, RNA starch, cellulose 20 Name Class Date
Macromolecules Amino acids are the monomers of proteins. Each amino acid has three distinct parts: an amino group, an R group, and a carboxyl group. An amino group has the formula –NH2, a carboxyl group is –COOH, and the R group varies from one amino acid to another. Two amino acids are joined in a chemical reaction that links them by a peptide bond.
Follow the directions. Then answer the questions.
1. Look at the diagram of the general structure of an amino acid. Color the amino group green. 2. Color the carboxyl group blue. 3. Color the R group red. 4. Color the same groups in the amino acids alanine and serine.
5. How many oxygen atoms are found in the carboxyl group?
