Ferrocenyl-Schiff base organometallic compounds have been prepared and studied using various physicochemical measurements to understand their properties. These compounds are stable and can be used to produce other compounds. Incorporating a ferrocene moiety imparts new chemical and physical properties. Recent research interest is in bioorganometallic chemistry where ferrocenyl-schiff bases show potential as antimicrobial agents. Ferroquine, a ferrocene analogue of chloroquine, has entered clinical trials and shown effectiveness against chloroquine resistant malaria strains. The mechanism is similar to chloroquine but ferroquine has greater lipophilicity and different electronic structure contributing to its activity against resistant parasites
Ferrocenyl-Schiff base organometallic compounds have been prepared and studied using various physicochemical measurements to understand their properties. These compounds are stable and can be used to produce other compounds. Incorporating a ferrocene moiety imparts new chemical and physical properties. Recent research interest is in bioorganometallic chemistry where ferrocenyl-schiff bases show potential as antimicrobial agents. Ferroquine, a ferrocene analogue of chloroquine, has entered clinical trials and shown effectiveness against chloroquine resistant malaria strains. The mechanism is similar to chloroquine but ferroquine has greater lipophilicity and different electronic structure contributing to its activity against resistant parasites
Ferrocenyl-Schiff base organometallic compounds have been prepared and studied using various physicochemical measurements to understand their properties. These compounds are stable and can be used to produce other compounds. Incorporating a ferrocene moiety imparts new chemical and physical properties. Recent research interest is in bioorganometallic chemistry where ferrocenyl-schiff bases show potential as antimicrobial agents. Ferroquine, a ferrocene analogue of chloroquine, has entered clinical trials and shown effectiveness against chloroquine resistant malaria strains. The mechanism is similar to chloroquine but ferroquine has greater lipophilicity and different electronic structure contributing to its activity against resistant parasites
Ferrocenyl-Schiff base organometallic compounds have been prepared and studied using various physicochemical measurements to understand their properties. These compounds are stable and can be used to produce other compounds. Incorporating a ferrocene moiety imparts new chemical and physical properties. Recent research interest is in bioorganometallic chemistry where ferrocenyl-schiff bases show potential as antimicrobial agents. Ferroquine, a ferrocene analogue of chloroquine, has entered clinical trials and shown effectiveness against chloroquine resistant malaria strains. The mechanism is similar to chloroquine but ferroquine has greater lipophilicity and different electronic structure contributing to its activity against resistant parasites
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Ferrocenyl-Schiff Base Organometallic Compounds
Over the last few years, several Schiff bases containing ferrocene groups have been prepared and their coordination behavior studied by means of different physico–chemical measurements such as IR, NMR and electrochemical data. In these studies, Mass spectroscopy was also employed and revealed its important role for a better understanding of the properties of the prepared compounds [173]. Organometallic Schiff base compounds are condensation products of arylamines and carbonyl compounds; these compounds are quite stable and represent versatile intermediates for preparation of a numbers of important compounds like azomethine, N- arylarencarboxamides, corresponding amines and cyanoamines etc. Incorporation of ferrocene moiety into Schiff bases imparts the chemical and physiochemical properties which are absent or little manifested in the parent substances. Schiff bases and related analogues bearing ferrocenyl moieties have been widely synthesised and their properties and possible applications investigated [174]. The most recent research area, bio-organometallic chemistry is gaining a lot of interest in which the use of ferrocenyl-schiff base compounds is highly recommended. Bioorganometallic chemistry is a field devoted to the synthesis and study of organometallic species of biological and medical interest. Keeping in view the reported biological studies, simple schiff bases, schiff bases with ferrocene addition and its reactants were investigated for their biological activities towards its antimicrobial activity.
: Ferrocenyl Based Compounds as Antimalarial Agents
Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease of humans and other animals caused by eukaryotic protists of the genus Plasmodium, of which Plasmodium falciform is the most dangerous and accounts 90% of all deaths from malaria. Malaria is a tropical disease and It is estimated that the number of deaths ranges from 1.5 to 2.7 million per annum [175], the majority of these deaths occur in Africa and South East Asia. Quinine, prepared from cinchona bark, was the first antimalarial drug developed and the synthetic anti-malarials like choloroquine, primaquine, proguanil, pyrimethamine and mefloquine were developed later. Chloroquine (CQ), introduced for chemotherapy of malaria in 1943, is the most widely used drug. Inspired by the work of Jaouen in cancer chemotherapy, an attempt has been made to use a bio-organometallic strategy to generate an antimalarial class of compounds having ferrocene. Ferroquine [176], a ferrocene analogue of chloroquine, has recently entered initial clinical trials and is found to be more active than chloroquine against Plasmodium Falciparum which is resistant to chloroquine. Ferroquine (FQ) satisfies the ‘Lipinski’s rule of 5’which orally active drugs must follow to be efficient.
The mechanism of action of ferroquine was found to be similar to that of chloroquine
[177]. In red blood cells the drug becomes protonated; subsequently it binds to heme to form a drug-heme complex that is highly toxic to the cell. Ferroquine activity against chloroquine resistant parasites is attributed to an increase in lipophilicity and differences in electronic and geometric structure. The continuing biological success of FQ means that this avenue of research will remain open for a long time [178]. The ferrocene Schiff bases of chloroquine are safe for the treatment of malaria [179].
