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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Quadratic Functions
Subject Area – Grade Level: Mathematics 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 7: Quadratic Functions
First Edition, 2020

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Writers: Elizabeth R. Tomines
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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Quadratic Functions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Quadratic

Functions!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

It focuses on the fundamental concepts of quadratic equations and its applications.

The presentations and examples herein stated are tailored – fit and meticulously
selected to ensure learners understanding. Learners should be able to identify the
significant characteristics of each concept. An array of solving strategies is then
manifested to guide students’ learning.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9Self-Learning Module (SLM) onQuadratic Functions

!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

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 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the quadratic functions. The scope of this module permits it to be used
in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. transform quadratic function in General Form to Vertex

Form by using the completing the square;

2. transform quadratic function in General Form to

Vertex Form by using the derived formula for the
vertex ; and

3. transform quadratic function in Vertex Form to

General Form .

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 What I Know

Pre-Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter that you think is the best answer to each question to
find out how much you already know about this module. Use a separate sheet of
paper for your answer.

1. Which of the following represents a perfect square trinomial?

A. B.
C. D.

2. The following are perfect square trinomials EXCEPT

A. B.
C. D.

3. The expression of the form or becomes a perfect square trinomial

when a constant term is added to it. How do we find that constant term?

A. B. C. ( ) D. ( )

4. What must be added to the expression , to make it a perfect square

trinomial?

A. 6 B. 9 C. D.

5. Which of the following quadratic functions is in the vertex form?

A. B. B.
C. D. D.

6. Which of the following is the square of a binomial ?

A. B. C. D.

7. Expand
A. B.
C. D.

8. If , what is the value of k in ?

A. 3 B. – 3 C. 5 D. – 5

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9. Given the quadratic function , what is its vertex?

A. B. C. D.

10. In the given function , when you factor out a, what is left inside the
parentheses?

A. B. C. D.

11. If the vertex of the parabola is at , which quadratic function corresponds to

this vertex?

A. B.
C. D.

12. Which is the general form of the quadratic function ?

A. B.
C. D.

13. Rewrite ( ) into the general form of quadratic function.

A. B.
C. D.

14. The quadratic function in general form when express in vertex form is

A. B.
C. D.

15. Which is the vertex form of the quadratic function ?

A. ( ) B.

C. D.

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Lesson

1
Transforming Quadratic Functiondefined by
into the Form and vice versa.

The previous activities familiarized you with the general form of a quadratic
equation which is , where and c are real numbers and . In
your next activity, the standard form or the vertex form , where
is the vertex, will be introduced. The standard form or the vertex form will be
more convenient to use when graphing and working on problems involving the
vertex of the graph of a quadratic function.

What’s In

Let’s recall.
Answer the following items:
It Looks Perfect!
1. Which of the following are perfect square trinomials?

a. f.
b. g.
c. h.
d. i.
e. j.

2. What must be added to the following expressions to make it a perfect square

trinomial?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

3. Write the perfect square trinomials of item 2 above as a square of a

binomial.
4. Expand the following expressions.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. ( )

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 What’s New

Activity 1
Follow Me Closely!
Following the steps below, fill in the blanks to transform in the form
and give the values of h and k.
Solution:

Equation in
a. Give the values of a, b and c ; ;
b. Group the terms containing with xby
putting it inside the parenthesis.
c. Factor out .
d. By completing the square, create a perfect
square trinomial of the expression inside
the parentheses.
Take half the coefficient of the x–term,
square it, and add it to the first blank and
subtract the same value from the constant
term and multiply it by the value of .
e. Simplify and express the perfect square
trinomial as a square of a binomial
f. Give the value of h
g. Give the value of k

Questions:
1. What do you call this form of quadratic function ? How about
?
2. In step d above, why do we need to subtract the same value from the
constant term and multiply it by the value of a?
3. What do the values of h and k represent in the quadratic function?

Activity 2
The Other Way!
Express in the vertex form .

a. Give the values of a, b and cin the quadratic

function .
b. Solve for h using the formula:
c. Solve for k using the formula:
d. Substitute the values of h and k in the vertex
form:
Questions:

1. What have noticed with your answers in activity 1 and 2 in terms of the
quadratic functions formed?
2. In which activity you find easier in transforming the quadratic function?

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Activity 3
Let’s take the reverse!
Express into the general form .

a. Expand
b. Multiply it by 3
c. Add 5
d. Write the quadratic function in the
general form .

What is It

How do we transform in the form ? This can be

done using the process “completing the square”.

 In activity 1, the function is in general form. Let’s study the

solution below on transforming it into vertex form.

What are the values of a, b and c ?

Group the terms containing
Factor out means divide the terms with
by the value of . ( )
+8

How do we express as a perfect square

*( ) +
trinomial? You will do completing the square.

Subtract also the same value from and

multiply it by . By doing this, the function
remains the same.

Simplify
Express the perfect square trinomial as a
square of a binomial

From the vertex form of the function , so and and the

vertex of the parabola is at .

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Illustrative Example 1.1

Transform in the form by completing the square and

give the values of h and k.

Equation in

a. Identify the values of a, b and c

b. Group the terms containing in x
c. Factor out . Here , you do not
need to write it outside the parenthesis

d. Complete the expression in the

*( ) + ( )
parenthesis to make it a perfect square
trinomial by adding * + and by
subtracting the same value from c. Why
( )
do we need to subtract the same value
from c? By doing this, the function still
remains the same. Here you do not
need to multiply by a since .

( )
e. Simplify

f. Express the perfect square trinomial as

a square of a binomial ( )

g. Give the value of h

h. Give the value of k

 In activity 2, the formula for h and k are used to transform a quadratic function
into the vertex form. Let’s take a look first of the derivation of the formula for h
and k below using the completing the square.

Transform in the form and give the values of h and

k. by following the given steps below.

Combine the terms containing x.

Factor out . Here .
( )

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Complete the expression in the parenthesis to make
it a perfect square trinomial by adding one half the ( )
coefficient of x, then square it, which is,

[( ) ( )] ( )
and subtracting the same value from the constant
term and multiply it by ( )
Simplify ( )

Express the perfect square trinomial as a square of

a binomial. ( )

Hence, the vertex form is ( ) . Thus, and .

Using the derived formula above for k and h, transform in the vertex
form .

The values of a, b and cin the quadratic

function are

Substitute the values of a, b, and c to

the formula for h and k.

Substitute the values of h and k in the

vertex form

Illustrative Example 2.1.

Transform into the form using the formula for h

and k.

form of the
equation
What are the values of , , and ? The values of , , and
Find the vertex

Write the vertex form.

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Illustrative Example 2.2.

Transform into the form .

form of the
equation
What are the values of , , and ? The values of , , and
Find the vertex

Write the vertex form.

 Activity 3 is transforming back the vertex form into the general form. You just
simply reverse the steps.

Express into the general form .

a. Expand Using the pattern in squaring a binomial

b. Multiply it by 3

c. Add 5

d. Simplify

e. Write the quadratic function in the

general form .

Illustrative Example 3.1.

Transform the equation in the general form .

a. Expand Using the pattern in squaring a binomial

b. Multiply it by 3

c. Subtract 7

d. Simplify

e. Write the quadratic function in the

general form .

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Illustrative Example 3.2.

Transform the equation in the general form

a. Expand Using the pattern in squaring a binomial

b. Multiply the perfect square trinomial

by – 2

c. Add 3x

d. Simplify

e. Write the quadratic function in the

general form .

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 What’s More

A. Directions. Arrange the lines of the poem inside the cloud callouts below
entitled Quadratic Poem by SkyeDalBirn. To arrange it, transform the following
quadratic functions in general form into vertex form
and vice.
 For numbers 1 – 3, transform the quadratic functions into vertex form
by using completing the square,
 For numbers 4 – 7, transform the quadratic functions into vertex form
by using the derived formula for h and k, and
 For number 8 – 13, transform the quadratic functions into general form
.

Show your complete solution.

1. 7.

2. 8.

3. 9.
4. 10.

5. 11.

6. 12.

13.

Soon you’ll know

Plus or minus 𝑦 (𝑥 )
𝑦 𝑥

Take it slow This is the formula you

𝑦 𝑥 know today
𝑦 𝑥 𝑥

Remember this rhyme,

turn that frown around
𝑦 𝑥 𝑥 But if you just relax
𝑦 𝑥

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 Quadratic formula may
It’s just a negative b seem complex
𝑦 𝑥
𝑦 (𝑥 )

So when quadratics
gets you down Draw a line below
𝑦 𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥

Take all that

The square root of b
squared minus 4ac 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥

𝑦 𝑥

And under that

place 2a
𝑦 𝑥 𝑥

B. Give the coordinates of the vertex in your answers in A.

What I Have Learned

A. Fill in the blanks to complete the steps in transforming the quadratic

function in general form to vertex form.
1. Identify the values of __________________ in the given quadratic
function.
2. Combine the terms that have __________________.
3. Factor out ______________.
4. Complete the expression in the parenthesis to make it a perfect
square trinomial by adding _________________ and subtracting
______________ from c.
5. Express the perfect square trinomial as a _______________________.
6. Write the quadratic function in vertex form _____________________.

B. What is the formula for solving the values of h and k?

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C. How would you transform the quadratic function to
the general form ? Arrange the following steps by
writing numbers 1 – 4 in the box.

Multiply the perfect square trinomial by the value of a

Add k

Expand

Simplify by adding like terms.

What I Can Do

Try this!
Solve the following problems by showing the complete solution.

1. What are the two positive real numbers with a sum of 26 and a product that
is as great as possible?

2. Marcelo and Myrna are tasked by their father to fence their rectangular
garden. They are given a total of 60 m bamboo strips as fencing material.
What are the dimensions of such a rectangle garden if the area is at
maximum? Explain your solution. Why the dimensions of such area must be
at maximum?

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which is a pattern of a perfect square trinomial?

A. B.
C. D.

2. The following are perfect square trinomials EXCEPT

A. B.
C. D.

3. The expression of the form or becomes a perfect square trinomial

when a constant term is added to it. How do we find that constant term?
A. B. C. ( ) D. ( )

4. What must be added to the expression , to make it a perfect square

trinomial?
A. B. C. D.

5. Complete the expression to make it a perfect square trinomial:

A. 20 B. 400 C. D.

6. The trinomial if written as a square of a binomial is

E. F. G. H.

7. Which is the expanded form of ?

A. B.
C. D.

8. Which is the formula in finding the value of in a vertex of a parabola?

A. B. C. D.

9. Give the coordinates of the vertex of is

A. B. C. D.

10. Given the quadratic function , what is its vertex?

A. B. C. D.

11. The quadratic function has a vertex of

A. ( ) B. ( ) C. D.

12. What is the general form of the quadratic function ?

A. B.
C. D.

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13. Which is the vertex form of the quadratic function ?
A. ( ) B. ( )
C. D.

14. Rewrite into the form .

A. ( ) B. ( )
C. D.

15. What is the general form of a quadratic function with vertex at ?

A. B.

B. D.

Additional Activities

Give one (1) illustrative example for each concept on transforming quadratic
functions. Write your answer in general form and its equivalent
vertex form .

Concepts Illustrative Examples

Transforming a quadratic
function in the form
𝒚 𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒃𝒙 𝒄 into the
form 𝒚 𝒂 𝒙 𝒉 𝟐 𝒌 by
completing the square.

Transforming a quadratic
function in the form
𝒚 𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒃𝒙 𝒄 into the
form 𝒚 𝒂 𝒙 𝒉 𝟐 𝒌 by
applying the formula:
𝒃 𝟒𝒂𝒄 𝒃𝟐
𝒉 𝟐𝒂
and 𝒌 𝟒𝒂
.

Transforming a quadratic
function in the form
𝒚 𝒂 𝒙 𝒉 𝟐 𝒌 into the
form𝒚 𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒃𝒙 𝒄.

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 19
What I Have Learned
What I Know What’s More A. 1. a, b, and c
2. x-terms
1. B 9. B 1. Quadratic Poem 3. a
2. A 10. B Quadratic formula
3. D 11. A may seem complex 4. * 𝑏 + , 𝑎 * 𝑏 +
4. D 12. C But if you just relax 5. square of a
5. D 13. D Take it slow binomial
6. C 14. C Soon you’ll know 6. 𝑦 𝑎 𝑥 𝑘
7. A 15. A It’s just a negative b 𝑏
B.
𝑎
8. C Plus or minus
The square root of b 𝑎𝑐 𝑏
squared – 4ac 𝑘
What’s In 𝑎
Take all that
1. A, b, h and j Draw a line below C. 2, 3, 1, 4
2. a. 1 c. 25 And under that place
2a
b. d. What I Can Do
This is the formula
e. 225
you know today 1. 13 and 13
So when quadratics 2. 15 meters by 15
3. gets you down meters
Remember this
a. 𝑥 rhyme, turn that
frown around. Assessment
b. (𝑥 )
1. B
c. 𝑥 2. ( ) 2. B
3. D
d. (𝑥 ) 4. D
5. B
( ) 6. C
𝟐 7. B
e. 𝒙 𝟏𝟓
8. B
( ) 9. A
4.
10. C
a. 𝑥 𝑥 ( ) 11. B
12. A
b. 𝑥 c. 𝑥 13. B
𝑥 14. A
15. A
d. 𝑥 𝑥
e. 𝑥 𝑥 Additional Activities
Varied answers
Answer Key
References

Learner’s Material for Mathematics Grade 9, pp. 129 – 132, 134 – 136, 138 – 139
e-MathWorktext in Mathematics 9, Revised Edition 2019. Orlando A. Oronce and
Marilyn O. Mendoza, pages 107 – 108.

https://www.appohigh.org/ourpages/auto/2014/5/7/49758713/Notes%20-
%20Convert%20Standard%20and%20Vertex.pdf

https://www.wattpad.com/245249210-poems-quadratic-poem

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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