Electronic Devices and Circuits
(EL-324)
LABORATORY MANUAL
FALL 2016
(LAB# 10)
Designing a Common Collector Amplifier
Engr. Muhammad Sajjad
Student Name: ___________________________
Roll No: _____________ Section: ___________
Date performed: _____________________, 2016
Manual Submission Date: ______________, 2016
_______________________________
LAB ENGINEER SIGNATURE & DATE
MARKS AWARDED: /10
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER AND EMERGING SCIENCES, ISLAMABAD
Prepared by: Engr. Naveed Iqbal Version: 2.0
Last Edited by: Engr. Muhammad Sajjad Updated: FALL 2016
Verified by: Dr. Durdana Habib
Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
LAB: 10 Designing a Common Collector Amplifier
Objectives of the Exercise:
Introduction to Common – Collector BJT Amplifier configuration.
Introduction to different design parameters which contribute towards the design characteristics.
Analysis of Amplifier circuit with the help of these parameters.
Equipment Required:
BJT (2N2222)
Capacitors
Resistors
Signal Generator
Multimeter
CRO
Probes
Jumper Wires
Wire Stripper
Theory:
The figure shows common collector amplifier using npn BJT. Since Rc = 0, therefore collector is at AC ground.
That is why this circuit is also known as grounded collector amplifier. In this circuit, the input is applied
between the base and collector terminals and the output is taken across the emitter and collector terminals.
In common collector amplifier, input and output signals are in phase with each other.In other words, the emitter
voltage follows the base voltage.That is why the common collector amplifier is known as emitter follower. The
voltage gain of this amplifier is nearly one.
Fig 10.1: Common Collector Amplifier
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Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristics Of Common Collector Amplifier:
It has a high input resistance, which is of the order 20 to 500kΩ.
It has a low output resistance, which is of the order 50 to 1000Ω.
It has high current gain. The value of current gain depends upon the current gain ( β ) of the transistor.
Its voltage gain is less than unity.
It power gain is much smaller than that of common emitter and common base amplifiers.
Its output signal is in phase with the input signal
Parameters of Common Collector Amplifier:
Input Resistance
The input resistance of the stage is given by parallel combination of Re and Ri.Now Ri is the resistance looking
into the base.Its value is equal to β( re’ + rl ) ≈ β X rl i.e. β time the AC lad resistance seen by the emitter.
Ris = Rb // β(re’ + rl)
If Rb >> β(re’ + rl), then
Ris = Rb // β(re’ + rl) ≈ β.rl ≈ β.Re
Where re’ is the AC resistance of the emitter diode and rl is the AC load resistance.
Output Resistance
It is given by the relation
Ro = rl // ( re . (Rb // Rs) / β )
Ro = re + (Rb // Rs) / β
Current Gain
It is given by the ratio of the output current to the input current.
Ai = ic / ib = ( ie + ib ) / ib = 1+ ic / ib = 1 + β ≈ β
Voltage Gain
It is given by the ratio of output voltage to the input voltage.
Av = vo / vin
Vin = ib X Ri = ib . β(re’ + rl………….. Eq ( A )
Vo = ie X rl =β. ib X rl…………………. Eq ( B )
From Eq ( A ) and Eq ( B )
Av = β. ib X rl / ib . β(re’ + rl) = rl / re’ + rl ≈ rl / rl =1
Av = rl / re’
Power Gain
It is given by the product of voltage gain and current gain.
Ap = Av X Ai = 1 X β =β
The power gain , in decibels , is given by the relation,
Gp = 10 log Ap dB
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Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
DC Analysis;
To analyze the the amplifier in the above figure, first of all the bias values must be determined. To do this a DC
equivalent circuit must be developed. This could be easily achieved by replacing the coupling and bypass
capacitors by open circuit.
AC Analysis:
To construct an AC equivalent circuit, following points are to be kept in mind.
The capacitors in the circuit are replaced by effective shorts. This is because their values are selected so that
XC = 0ohms.
AC Ground: The dc source in the circuit is replaced by ground. We assume that the source has an internal
resistance of approximately 0 Ohms so that no AC voltage is developed across the source terminals.
Design Steps:
1) Split bias voltage drops about equally across the transistor Vce (or Vcb) and V (Re) or ( Vb ). For simplicity,
choose:
Vb = Vcc / 2
R1 = R2
2) Then, choose/specified Ie, and the rest of the design follows:
Re = Ve / Ie = ( Vcc /2 -0.7 )/ Ie
3) As with CE bias design, stable operating point => RB ≪ (β + 1 )Re , i.e.
Rb = R1∥R2 =R1/2 =10( β + 1)RE ≈ 10Re
R1 = R2 = 20Re
4) Choose CB such that its reactance is ≤ 1/10 of Rin at fmin:
1/ѠCb = Rin /10
Cb ≥ 10/ Ѡmin X Rin
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Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
LAB TASKS
Task 1:
Design common collector amplifier using the design procedure discussed above.
For verification, apply 10m Vpeak sinusoidal signal.
In the space provided, show the DC and AC analysis of your circuit along with the equivalent
circuits.
DC Analysis
AC Analysis
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Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
Task 2:
Calculate
1) Input resistance
2) Output resistance
3) Voltage gain
4) Current Gain
5) Power gain
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Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
Task 3:
Sketch the observed input and output waveform.
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Electronic Devices National University Roll No: __________
Lab #
& Circuits
(EL-324)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad FALL 2016
10
_________________________________________________________________________________
Student's feedback: Purpose of feedback is to know the strengths and weaknesses of the
system for future improvements. This feedback is for the 'current lab session'. Circle your
choice:
[-3 = Extremely Poor, -2 = Very Poor, -1 = Poor, 0 = Average, 1 = Good, 2 = Very Good, 3 =
Excellent]:
The following table should describe your experience with:
S# Field Rating Describe your experience in words
1 Overall Session -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
2 Lab Instructor -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
3 Lab Staff -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
4 Equipment -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
5 Atmosphere -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Any other valuable feedback:
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Student's Signature: _________________________________
AWARDED
Correctness
Conclusion
Originality
of results
Initiative
Neatness
MARKS
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TOTAL
TOTAL 10 10 10 20 20 30 100
EARNED
Lab Instructor's
Comments:_________________________________________________________________
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Lab Instructor's Signature: ________________________
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