Contents

1.0 Input Data for Abutment Design

2.0 Dimension Details of Abutment
3.0 Calculation of earth Pressure Coefficients
4.0 Calculation of earth Pressure
5.0 Calculation Of Loads on the Abutment
6.0 Load Combinations for Foundation (SLS load factors)
7.0 Load Combinations for Foundation (Equilibrium Condition)
8.0 Load Combinations for Foundation (ULS load factors)
9.0 Design of Foudation
10.0 Summary Of Loads-Design Of Abutment/Return Wall
11.0 Summary Of Loads-Design Of Counterforts
12.0 Design of Dirt wall and Abutment Cap
13.0 Wind Load Calculation
1.0 Input Data for Abutment Design Girder Span 22.00 m

Design Levels
Finished Road Level FRL = 303.000 m
Ground Level BL = 298.747 m
Footing RL abut FL = 290.147 m
HFL HFL = 295.500 m
. Abut Cap Lvl = 300.085 m
Superstructure Data = .
. = .
camber or slope percentage = 2.5 %
Angle of skew a = 0.0 º
(Skew, if any) Span length = 29.00 m
C/C BRG Right Span of the bridge = 29.00 m
Width of carriageway = 9.5 m
Overall width of Superstructure = 12.50 m
Width of crash barrier = 0.50 m
Width of safety kerb/footpath = 2.00 m '=> 1.5 m + 0.5 m kerb
Footpath/Safety kerb is provided on = 1 side
Live load considered on safety kerb = 500 Kg/m2 = 404.4 kg (as per IRC 6: cl 209.4)
(skew, if any) width of the superstructure = 12.50 m
Total height of Superstructure = 2.350 m

Design is for Live loads combinations of

Class A 1 lanes yes (Yes / No) OK
Class A 2 lanes yes (Yes / No) OK
Class A 3 lanes No (Yes / No) x 90% N.A.
. Class 70R 1 lanes yes (Yes / No) OK

Size of bearing (if provided) (assumed) = 600 x 600 x 187 x 4 Nos

Size of Pedestals (if bearing is provided) = 900 x 900 x 313 x 4 Nos

Constants
Density of concrete = 2.5 T/m3
Weight of wearing coat = 0.2 T/m2
Density of soil = 1.8 T/m3
Grade of Concrete (substructure) =M 35 MPa.
Grade of Concrete (superstructure) =M 45 MPa.
Density of fluid to be considered = 480 kg/m3
Seismic Zone III
Basic Wind Speed 39 m/s

Input for loads from superstructure for Load from 1 span Pier Max Pier Min
Dead Load Reaction of Superstructure = 280.0 T 280.0 T 280.0 T for each span
Class A 1 Train = 39.0 T 39.0 T 3.2 T
Class A 2 Train = 78.0 T 78.0 T 6.5 T
Class A 3 Train = 0.0 T 0.0 T 0.0 T
Class 70R wheel 1 Train = 71.0 T 71.0 T 9.0 T
Class 70R Tracked 1 Train = 65.0 T 67.2 T 64.5 T
Class 70R wheel 1 Train+Class A 1 Train = 0.0 T 0.0 T 0.0 T
SIDL (wearing coat) = 27.6 T 55.1 T 55.1 T
SIDL+ Footpath LL+Crash Barrier = 67.8 T 135.7 T 135.7 T
Live load Max = 78.0 T 78.0 T 9.0 T
Live load Min = 9.0 T 9.0 T 9.0 T
Braking force = 20.0 T 20.0 T 20.0 20% of 70R
2.0 DIMENSION DETAILS OF THE ABUTMENT

FRL 303.000 m Finished Road Level

Cap Top level 300.085 m Top of abutment cap
HFL 295.500 m High Flood Level
BL 298.747 m Bed Level B/ H = 8.900001 / 12.853
FTL 291.647 Top of footing 0.692445
FL 290.147 m bottom of footing
Length of Abutment 12.5 m
Overall Ht = 12.853 m

a 1500 overall width of the abutment cap

b 400 width of the stem at top
c 0 offset of the abutment cap to the front (span side)
d 0 offset of the abutment cap to the back (soil side)
e 0 taper of the stem at bottom to the back (soil side)
f 0 taper of the stem at bottom to the front (span side)
g 900 st. thickness of the abutment cap
h 0 var. thickness of the abutment cap
i 7538 height of the abutment stem
j 2915 height of the dirtwall
k 3853 Water level from top of foundation
l 6000 Heel width
m 400 width of the stem at bottom
n 2500 toe width
o 1500 Toe Thickness
p 450 Heel thickness
q 700 Thickness of return wall at top
r 700 Thickness of return wall at bottom
s 500 Bearing CG from tip of Abutment Cap
t 6000 Length of Return Wall
u 1500 CF width at top Nos = 3
v 5050 CF width at bottom
w 500 thickness of CF
x 1500 CF for return width at top Nos = 1 for each Return
y 2800 CF for return width at bottom
z 750 thickness of CF for return

Load from Abutment

Area under consideration LWL CASE HFL CASE
 ht width Area CG o A x CG g A. g g A. g
Dirtwall 2.915 0.300 0.875 3.850 3.4 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.2
Cap rect 0.900 1.500 1.350 3.250 4.4 2.5 3.4 2.5 3.4
cap trap 0.000 0.950 0.000 3.250 0.0 2.5 0.0 2.5 0.0
Stem above HFL 3.685 0.400 0.737 2.700 2 2.5 1.8 2.5 1.8
Stem below HFL 3.853 0.400 1.541 2.700 4.2 2.5 3.9 1.5 2.3
back taper >HFL 3.685 0.000 0.000 2.900 0.0 2.5 0.0 2.5 0.0
back taper <HFL 3.853 0.000 0.000 2.900 0.0 2.5 0.0 1.5 0.0
Front taper >HFL 3.685 0.000 0.000 2.500 0.0 2.5 0.0 2.5 0.0
front taper <HFL 3.853 0.000 0.000 2.500 0.0 2.5 0.0 1.5 0.0
Total for Abutment 4.503 13.905 11.257 9.716

Cfort above HFL 3.685 1.618 2.981 3.309 9.9 2.5 7.5 2.5 7.5
Cfort below HFL 3.853 3.393 6.536 4.196 27.4 2.5 16.3 1.5 9.8
Total for CFs 3.000 Nos => 28.550 111.871 71.375 51.767

Foundation-toe 1.500 2.900 4.350 1.450 6.3 1.5 6.5 1.5 6.5
Foundation-heel 0.450 6.000 2.700 5.900 15.9 1.5 4.1 1.5 4.1
Total for foundation 7.050 22.238 10.575 10.575

Return wall>HFL 7.500 0.700 15.750 5.900 92.9 2.5 39.4 2.5 39.4
Return wall<HFL 3.853 0.700 8.091 5.900 47.7 2.5 20.2 1.5 12.1
Cfort above HFL 6.500 1.121 5.463 8.525 46.6 2.5 13.7 2.5 13.7
Cfort below HFL 3.853 1.771 5.116 8.525 43.6 2.5 12.8 1.5 7.7
Total Return wall 34.420 230.849 86.050 72.843

LWL HFL
Abutment Area 4.50 4.50 sqm
Abutment weight 11.26 9.72 Tons / m
Total Abutment Weight+ CF 212.08 173.21 Tons For length= 12.50
CG of abutment from O 3.09 3.09 m

Foundation Area 7.050 7.050 sqm

Foundation weight 10.58 10.58 Tons / m
Total foundation Weight 132.19 132.19 Tons For length= 12.50
CG of foundation from O 3.15 3.15 m

Return wall Area 34.420 34.420 sqm

Return wall weight 86.05 72.84 Tons
Total Return wall Weight 172.10 145.69 Tons For 2 Nos (sides)
CG of Return wall from O 6.71 6.71 m

Total abutment weight 516.37 451.08 Tons

CG of complete abutment 4.31 4.31 m

LOAD FROM SOIL RETAINED BACKSIDE LWL CASE HFL CASE

. ht width Area CG o A x CG g A. g g A. g
Dirtwall+Cap 3.815 4.900 18.694 6.450 120.6 1.8 33.6 1.8 33.6
Cap taper 0.000 4.900 0.000 6.450 0.0 1.8 0.0 1.8 0.0
stem taper>HFL 3.685 0.000 0.000 5.900 0.0 1.8 0.0 1.8 0.0
stem taper<HFL 3.853 0.000 0.000 5.900 0.0 1.8 0.0 1.0 0.0
soil on heel>HFL 3.685 6.000 22.110 5.900 130.4 1.8 39.8 1.8 39.8
soil on heel<HFL 3.853 6.000 23.118 5.900 136.4 1.8 41.6 1.0 23.1
Total 63.9 387.4 115.1 96.6

LWL HFL
Soil Area 63.92 63.92 sqm
Soil weight 115.06 96.56 Tons / m
Total Soil Weight 1277.15 1071.86 Tons For length= 11.10
CG of Soil from O 6.06 6.06 m
3.0 Calculation of Earth Pressure Coefficients
Properties of Soil :-
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 0
a = Angle of taper at backside of Stem = 0.00 0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (f/3*2) = 20 0
i = Surcharge Angle. = 00
Vide Cl:5.7.1 of substructure code.
Factor of Safety
Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment 2 For Normal Condition
>
Overturning Moment 1.5 Under Seismic Condition
Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force 1.50 For Normal Condition
>
Horizontal Force 1.25 Under Seismic Condition
m = Coefficient of Friction = 0.6 Assumed for Rock Stratas

Calculation of Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure for inclined back fills .

Based on Substructure Code
: Ground Surface Line
i

a f Line

f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 = 0.5236

a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall = 0.00 = 0.0000
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (f2/3) = 20 = 0.3491
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0.00 = 0.0000
Ka1 = Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure.
= Cos2 (f - a) 2
Cos ( a ) x Cos ( a + d )
2
1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I )
Cos ( a + d ) x Cos ( a - I )
= 0.750
1.000 x 0.940 x 2.684
Ka1 = 0.297
KaH = 0.279 KaV = 0.102

Calculation of Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure for Vertical back fills .

Degrees Radians
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 = 0.5236
a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall =0 =0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (f2/3) = 20 = 0.3491
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0.00 = 0.0000
Ka2 = Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure.
= Cos2 (f - a) 2
Cos ( a ) x Cos ( a + d )
2
1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I )
Cos ( a + d ) x Cos ( a - I )
= 0.75000
1 x 0.93969262 x 2.68448076
Ka2 = 0.2973
KaH = 0.279 KaV = 0.102
The Earth Pressure Coefficient under Seismic is Calculated Vide IS : 1893 - 2000

\ a = 0.16 for zone III

h Seismic Coefficient
Vertical
= a h x2 = 0.32 = 0.107
3 3
Active Earth Pressure Coefficient due to Earthfill

Ca = (1 +- a v ) x Cos2 (f- l -a )
X
Cos l x Cos2(a)x Cos(a+d+l)

1 2
1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I -l )
Cos(a -i) x Cos(a+d+l)

av = Vertical Seismic Coeffecient = 0.10666667

f = Angle of internal friction of soil. = 30 0 0.52360 c

l = Tan ( a h / 1+- av )
-1
= 10.154 0 0.17723 c

a = Angle which the rear face makes with vertical. = 0.000 0 0.00000 c

i = Slope of Earthfill. = 0.000 0.00000

d = Angle of friction betn wall & earthfill. = 20 0 0.34907 c

ah = Horizontal Seismic Coeffecient = 0.16

Ca = 1.150 X 0.396 & Ca = 0.929 X 0.396
= 0.455 = 0.367
\ Ca1 = 0.455 ( Maximum of the above values. )
For Straight Face ,
a = Angle which the rear face makes with vertical. = 0 0 0 c

Ca = 1.150 X 0.396 & Ca = 0.929 X 0.396

= 0.455 = 0.367
\ Ca2 = 0.455 ( Maximum of the above values. )
4.0 CALCULATION OF EARTH PRESSURE
NORMAL CASE
For LWL Case - Horizontal Force
Earth Pressure - due to soil retained only At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For DW+Cap 0.279 1.8 3.82 0.000 1.919 3.660 10.64 38.94 9.14 33.45
For Stem (rect) 0.279 1.8 7.54 1.919 1.919 14.462 5.27 76.20 3.77 54.51
For Stem (triang) 0.279 1.8 7.54 0.000 3.791 14.287 4.67 66.66 3.17 45.23
For Foundn (rect) 0.279 1 1.50 5.709 5.709 8.564 0.75 6.42
For Foundn (triang) 0.279 1 1.50 0.000 0.419 0.314 0.63 0.20

Earth Pressure - due to soil retained only - Vertical Component At footing level At top of footing
CG of F
Pressure Pressure from tip CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ of Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width Foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For DW+Cap 0.102 1.8 3.82 0.000 0.698 1.332 2.90 3.86 2.90 3.86
For Stem (rect) 0.102 1.8 7.54 0.698 0.698 5.264 2.90 15.26 2.90 15.26
For Stem (triang) 0.102 1.8 7.54 0.000 1.380 5.200 2.90 15.08 2.90 15.08
For Foundn (rect) 0.102 1 1.50 2.078 2.078 3.117 2.90 9.04 0.00
For Foundn (triang) 0.102 1 1.50 0.000 0.153 0.114 2.90 0.33 0.00

Horizontal Comp Vertical Comp

Moment Force Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width) width) width)
Earth Pressure at LWL case at top of foundn = 32.409 133.190 11.796 34.208
Earth Pressure at LWL case at bottom of foundn = 41.287 188.425 15.027 43.579

Earth Pressure - due to LL surcharge - Horizontal Force At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g . Hheight layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
Abutment 0.279 2.16 11.353 0.603 0.603 6.851 7.18 49.17 5.68 38.89
For foundn 0.279 2.16 1.5 0.603 0.603 0.905 0.75 0.68

Earth Pressure - due to LL surcharge - Vertical Force At footing level At top of footing
CG of F CG of F
Pressure Pressure from tip from tip
at top of at bot of Force/ of Moment/ of Moment/
Ka g . H height layer layer width Foundn width Foundn width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
Abutment 0.102 2.16 11.353 0.220 0.220 2.494 2.90 7.23 2.90 7.23
For foundn 0.102 2.16 1.5 0.220 0.220 0.329 2.90 0.96

Horizontal Comp Vertical Comp

Moment Force Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width) width) width)
Earth Pressure due to LL SC at top of foundn = 6.851 38.891 2.494 7.232
Earth Pressure due to LL SC at bot of foundn = 7.756 49.846 2.823 8.187
For HFL Case - Horizontal Force
Earth Pressure - due to soil retained only At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For DW+Cap 0.279 1.8 3.82 0.000 1.919 3.660 10.64 38.94 9.14 33.45
Stem (rect)>HFL 0.279 1.8 3.68 1.919 1.919 7.070 7.20 50.87 5.70 40.27
Stem (triang)>HFL 0.279 1.8 3.68 0.000 1.853 3.414 6.90 23.56 5.40 18.44
Stem (rect)<HFL 0.279 1 3.85 3.772 3.772 14.532 3.43 49.79 1.62 23.52
Stem (triang)<HFL 0.279 1 3.85 0.000 1.076 2.074 3.12 6.47 1.62 3.36
For Foundn (rect) 0.279 1 1.50 4.848 4.848 7.272 0.75 5.45
For Foundn (triang) 0.279 1 1.50 0.000 0.419 0.314 0.63 0.20

Earth Pressure - due to soil retained only - Vertical Component At footing level At top of footing
CG of F CG of F
Pressure Pressure from tip from tip
at top of at bot of Force/ of Moment/ of Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width Foundn width Foundn width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For DW+Cap 0.102 1.8 3.82 0.000 0.698 1.332 2.90 3.86 2.90 3.86
Stem (rect)>HFL 0.102 1.8 3.68 0.698 0.698 2.573 2.90 7.46 2.90 7.46
Stem (triang)>HFL 0.102 1.8 3.68 0.000 0.674 1.243 2.90 3.60 2.90 3.60
Stem (rect)<HFL 0.102 1 3.85 1.373 1.373 5.289 2.90 15.34 2.90 15.34
Stem (triang)<HFL 0.102 1 3.85 0.000 0.392 0.755 2.90 2.19 2.90 2.19
For Foundn (rect) 0.102 1 1.50 1.765 1.765 2.647 2.90 7.68
For Foundn (triang) 0.102 1 1.50 0.000 0.153 0.114 2.90 0.33

Horizontal Comp Vertical Comp

Moment Force Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width) width) width)
Earth Pressure at HFL case at top of foundn = 30.750 119.029 11.192 32.457
Earth Pressure at HFL case at bottom of foundn = 38.336 175.285 13.953 40.465

Minimum Force due to a liquid with density of 480 kg/cum At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
g height layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For abutment 0.48 11.353 0.000 5.449 30.934 3.78 117.06
For Foundn 0.48 1.5 0.000 6.169 39.648 4.28 169.86

Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width)
Fluid Pressure at top of foundn 30.934 117.064
Fluid Pressure at bot of foundn 39.648 169.865

Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m
Design Earth Pressure at HFL case width) width) (Max of the above 2 cases)
at top of foundn 30.934 119.029
at bot of foundn 39.648 175.285
SEISMIC CASE
For LWL Case
Earth Pressure - due to soil retained only At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For DW+Cap 0.455 1.8 3.815 0.000 3.126 5.962 10.64 63.44 9.14 54.50
For Stem (rect) 0.455 1.8 7.538 3.126 3.126 23.561 5.27 124.14 3.77 88.80
For Stem (triang) 0.455 1.8 7.538 0.000 6.176 23.277 4.67 108.61 3.17 73.69
For Foundn (rect) 0.455 1 1.500 9.301 9.301 13.952 0.75 10.46 0.00
For Foundn (triang) 0.455 1 1.500 0.000 0.683 0.512 0.63 0.32 0.00

Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width)
Earth Pressure at LWL case at top of foundn = 52.800 216.990
Earth Pressure at LWL case at bottom of foundn = 67.264 306.976

Earth Pressure - due to LL surcharge At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g . H height layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
Abutment 0.455 2.16 11.353 0.983 0.983 11.162 7.18 80.10 5.68 63.36
For foundn 0.455 2.16 1.5 0.983 0.983 1.475 0.75 1.11

Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width)
Earth Pressure due to LL SC at top of foundn = 11.162 63.360
Earth Pressure due to LL SC at bot of foundn = 12.636 81.208

For HFL Case

Earth Pressure - due to soil retained only At footing level At top of footing

Pressure Pressure CG of F CG of F
at top of at bot of Force/ from bot Moment/ from top Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width of foundn width of footing width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m m Tm /m
For DW+Cap 0.455 1.8 3.82 0.000 3.126 5.962 10.64 63.44 9.14 54.50
Stem (rect)>HFL 0.455 1.8 3.68 3.126 3.126 11.518 7.20 82.88 5.70 65.60
Stem (triang)>HFL 0.455 1.8 3.68 0.000 3.019 5.563 6.90 38.39 5.40 30.04
Stem (rect)<HFL 0.455 1 3.85 6.145 6.145 23.676 3.43 81.12 1.62 38.31
Stem (triang)<HFL 0.455 1 3.85 0.000 1.754 3.379 3.12 10.54 1.62 5.47
For Foundn (rect) 0.455 1 1.50 7.898 7.898 11.848 0.75 8.89
For Foundn (triang) 0.455 1 1.50 0.000 0.683 0.512 0.63 0.32

Moment
Force (T/m (Tm/m
Summary width) width)
Earth Pressure at HFL case at top of foundn = 50.097 193.919
Earth Pressure at HFL case at bottom of foundn = 62.457 285.570
 5.0 CALCULATION OF LOADS ON THE ABUTMENT

Overall Span of superstructure 29.00 m

Overall width of superstructure 12.50 m

1 Self Weight LWL HFL

Abutment weight 516.37 Tons 451.08 Tons
CG of abutment 4.31 m 4.31 m

2 Soil Retained behind

Soil Weight 1277.15 Tons 1071.86 Tons
CG of Soil 6.06 m 6.06 m

3.1 Earth Pressure - Horizontal

Force due to EP at top of footing 32.41 T/m 30.93 T/m
Moment due to EP at top of footing 133.19 Tm/m 119.03 Tm/m

Force due to EP at bot of footing 41.29 T/m 39.65 T/m

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 188.42 Tm/m 175.29 Tm/m

width of abutment = 12.50 m

Force due to EP at top of footing 405.11 T 386.67 T for full width
Moment due to EP at top of footing 1664.88 Tm 1487.86 Tm

Force due to EP at bot of footing 516.09 T 495.60 T

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 2355.31 Tm 2191.07 Tm

3.2 Earth Pressure - Vertical

Force due to EP at top of footing 11.80 T/m 11.19 T/m
Moment due to EP at top of footing 34.21 Tm/m 32.46 Tm/m

Force due to EP at bot of footing 15.03 T/m 13.95 T/m

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 43.58 Tm/m 40.46 Tm/m

Force due to EP at top of footing 147.45 T 139.90 T for full width

Moment due to EP at top of footing 427.60 Tm 405.71 Tm

Force due to EP at bot of footing 187.84 T 174.42 T

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 544.74 Tm 505.81 Tm

4.1 Live Load Surcharge - Horizontal Component

Force due to EP at top of footing 6.85 T/m 6.85 T/m
Moment due to EP at top of footing 38.89 Tm/m 38.89 Tm/m

Force due to EP at bot of footing 7.76 T/m 7.76 T/m

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 49.85 Tm/m 49.85 Tm/m

Force due to EP at top of footing 85.64 T 85.64 T for full width

Moment due to EP at top of footing 486.13 Tm 486.13 Tm

Force due to EP at bot of footing 96.95 T 96.95 T

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 623.08 Tm 623.08 Tm

4.2 Live Load Surcharge - Vertical Component

Force due to EP at top of footing 2.49 T/m 2.49 T/m
Moment due to EP at top of footing 7.23 Tm/m 7.23 Tm/m

Force due to EP at bot of footing 2.82 T/m 2.82 T/m

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 8.19 Tm/m 8.19 Tm/m

Force due to EP at top of footing 31.17 T 31.17 T for full width

Moment due to EP at top of footing 90.39 Tm 90.39 Tm

Force due to EP at bot of footing 35.29 T 35.29 T

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 102.34 Tm 102.34 Tm

5 Load from Superstructure

The CG of Bearing from the Tip of the Foundn = 3.000 m

5.1 Dead Load Reaction of superstructure only 280.00 Tons

Crash barrier = 14.50 mX 2.00 sides X 0.75 T/m = 21.75 T

Wearing Coat = 14.50 mX 7.50 mX 0.20 T/sqm = 21.75 T
FP + railing+ 14.50 mX 2.00 mX 0.78 T/sqm = 22.48 T
FP LL 14.50 mX 2.00 sides X 0.40 T/sqm = 11.73 T
5.2 SIDL 44.23 T
5.3 Wearing Coat 21.75 T
5.4 FP LL 11.73 T

5.5 Live Load Reaction Max = 78.00 T

5.6 Live Load Reaction Min = 9.00 T

6 Longitudinal bearing Forces

Braking load = 20 Tons
For Fixed Bearing
F=Fh-u(Rg+Rq) or Fh/2+u(Rg+Rq) (LL +FPLL)
a 20.0 - 0.03 x( 345.98 + 89.7 ) = 6.9 T
b 10.0 + 0.05 x( 345.98 + 89.73 ) = 31.8 T (for 4 bearings)

Hence, Design longitudinal force = 31.8 Tons @ 8.438 m from stem base
9.938 m from footing base
Seismic Case
Braking load = 4 Tons
For Fixed Bearing
F=Fh-u(Rg+Rq) or Fh/2+u(Rg+Rq) (LL +FPLL)
a 4.0 - 0.03 x( 345.98 + 17.9 ) = -6.9 T
b 2.0 + 0.05 x( 345.98 + 17.95 ) = 20.2 T (for 4 bearings)

Hence, Design longitudinal force = 20.2 Tons @ 8.438 m from stem base
9.938 m from footing base

7 WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER IRC: 6- 2014 CL.209

Summary of Wind Load (Refer Wind force calculation sheet)
Wind on superstr FT FL
Wind force Vertical 29.8 T
Wind force Horizontal 20.8 5.2 T
Moment at base of Abutment 11.4 235.9 59.0 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 12.9 267.0 66.8 Tm
Wind on Abutment Cap FT FL
Wind force Horizontal m 0.2 0.0 T
Moment at base of Abutment 8.0 1.3 0.3 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 9.5 1.5 0.4 Tm
Wind on Abutment FT FL
Wind force Horizontal m 0.3 0.1 T
Moment at base of Abutment 8.7 2.3 0.6 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 9.6 2.5 0.6 Tm
Total wind load on DL only FT FL
Wind force Horizontal 21.2 5.3 T
Moment at base of Abutment 239.5 59.9 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 271.1 67.8 Tm
Wind on LL FT FL
Wind force Horizontal m 0.0 0.0
Moment at base of Abutment 14.0 0.0 0.0 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 15.5 0.0 0.0 Tm

8 Water Current (IRC 6:cl.213)

K (in current direction) 0.66 (Circular/semi-circular) 1.50 (Rectangular)
K (across current direction) 0.66 (Circular/semi-circular) 1.50 (Rectangular)

2V2 HFL NSLcase Levels Velocity

295.500 295.500 1.12 m/s

2V' LWL 291.648 291.648 0.00 m/s

Base of pier
291.647 291.647 0.00 m/s

velocity profile for current

Footing level/ pile cap 290.147 290.147 -0.43 m/s

max scour pt 291.639 291.639 0.00 m/s

Force in Current Direction

Pressure due to water current 52.00 x K x V2
= 194.6 kg/m2
K = 1.50 if rect th 1.5
V (hydraulic calcs) = 1.12 m/s 1.58 m/s For HFL case
V (hydraulic calcs) = 0.37 m/s 0.37 m/s 33% for LWL Case

So Pressure = 0.19 T/m2 for rect pr= 0.19 T/m2

 Exposed pier surface to current NSL
HFL LWL
Height of abut 3.85 m 0.001 m
Width (Trans) 12.50 0.940 11.75 m 11.75 m taking 20 deg current direction 0.940
Width (long) 2.90 0.342 0.99 m 0.99 m 0.342

Exposed pile cap to current NSL

HFL LWL
Height of pile cap 1.80 m 0.000 m
Width (Trans) 0.00 0.940 0.00 m 0.00 m taking 20 deg current direction 0.940
Width (long) 0.00 0.342 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.342

Rectangular Pressure Circular

Pressure at Water Surface=( 194.64 )= kg/m2 195 195 kg/m2
Pressure at base of pier =( 0.00 )= kg/m2 0 0 kg/m2
Pressure at PIlecap Level =( 29.09 )= kg/m2 13 13 kg/m2

Forces/Moments
HFL Current Pressure at stem basAt Footing
Abut Stem Area Top Bottom Force Moment Moment
For Transverse 45.3 195 0 4.40 11.3 17.9 Tm
For Longitudinal 3.8 195 0 0.37 1.0 2.4 Tm
Pile Cap
For Transverse 0.0 0 29.1 0.00 0.0 Tm
For Longitudinal 0.0 0 29.1 0.00 0.0 Tm

Total Force Moment Moment

For Transverse 4.40 11.31 17.92 Tm
For Longitudinal 0.37 0.96 2.39 Tm

LWL Current Pressure at pier baseAt Footing

Area Top Bottom Force Moment Moment
For Transverse 0.0 11 0 0.00 0.0 0.0 Tm
For Longitudinal 0.0 11 0 0.00 0.0 0.0 Tm

10 SEISMIC FORCES - LONGITUDINAL

Ah = 0.029
Bearing Level = 300.085 m FRL = 303.00 m
Top of fdn = 291.647 m Fdn Level= 290.15 m
Foundation is designed for 1.35 Seismic force ULS factor = 1.5
Ht from Ht from
Items Weight stem base Hor Load Moment Fdn base Moment
Superstructure at bearing 692.0 8.4 19.9 167.8 9.9 267
Abutment 516.4 4.2 14.8 62.6 5.7 115
Live Load (55.4*2)*20% 22.2 8.4 0.0 0.0 9.9 0
Live Load =(100)*20% 20.0 8.4 0.0 0.0 9.9 0
Max DL LL+Seismic 70R + seismic
Vert Seismic force= 13.3 T 13.7 T 13.6 T
Total Hor Load = 34.7 T 34.7 T 34.7 T
Moment at pier base 230.5 tm 230.5 Tm 230.5 Tm
Moment at found base 381.5 tm 381.5 Tm 381.5 Tm

11 SEISMIC FORCES - TRANSVERSE

Ah = 0.080
Bearing Level = 300.085 m FRL = 303.000 m
Top of fdn = 291.647 m Fdn Level= 290.147 m
Foundation is designed for 1.35 Seismic force ULS factor = 1.5
Ht from Ht from
Items Weight stem base Hor Load Moment Fdn base Moment
Superstructure at bearing 692.0 10.0 19.9 198.2 11.5 308
Abutment 516.4 4.2 14.8 62.6 5.7 115
Live Load (55.4*2)*20% 22.2 11.2 0.6 7.1 12.7 11
Live Load =(100)*20% 20.0 11.2 0.6 6.4 12.7 10
Max DL LL+Seismic 70R + seismic
Vert Seismic force= 13.3 T 13.7 T 13.6 T
Total Hor Load = 34.7 T 35.4 T 35.3 T
Moment at pier base 260.8 tm 268.0 Tm 267.3 Tm
Moment at found base 422.5 tm 433.4 Tm 432.3 Tm

5 SEISMIC FORCES - EARTH PRESSURE

Force due to EP at top of footing 52.80 T/m 50.10 T/m
Moment due to EP at top of footing 216.99 Tm/m 193.92 Tm/m

Force due to EP at bot of footing 67.26 T/m 62.46 T/m

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 306.98 Tm/m 285.57 Tm/m

Force due to EP at top of footing 660.00 T 626.21 T for full width

Moment due to EP at top of footing 2712.37 Tm 2423.98 Tm

Force due to EP at bot of footing 840.80 T 780.71 T

Moment due to EP at bot of footing 3837.20 Tm 3569.62 Tm
 6.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATION. (SLS load factors)
Length of Abutment = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)
Length of foundation = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)
Width of foundation = 8.90 m (Long dirn)
Thickness of foundation = 0.45 m

1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE) - ve is overturning

Load Moment
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 516.1 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T 2226.17 Tm Total Vertical load 1981.4 T
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T 7740.62 Tm Total Resisting moment 10511.5 Tm
Earth Pressure 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm Total Overturning Moment 2355.3 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T 544.74 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.0 Tm
Total 1981.37 T 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm 10511.53 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment >2

Overturning Moment
= 10511.53 = 4.46 Safe
2355.31
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal
= 1981.37 x 0.60 = 2.30 Safe
516.09
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 10511.53 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 2355.31 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 1981.37 Tm
x = 10511.53 - 2355.31 = 4.12 m
1981.37
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 4.12
= 0.33 m < 1.48 (b/6)
Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 1981.37 x ( 1 + 6 x 0.33 )
8.90 8.900
=( 222.63 x 1.225 )/ 12.50
= 21.81 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
 Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 1981.37 x ( 1 - 6 x 0.33 )
8.90 8.90
=( 222.63 x 0.775 )/ 12.50
= 13.81 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.

2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (HFL CASE)

Load Moment
Check for Pressures for HFL Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 495.60 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T 1944.70 Tm Total Vertical load 1697.36 T
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T 6496.40 Tm Total Resisting moment 8946.91 Tm
Earth Pressure 495.60 T 2191.07 TM Total Overturning Moment 2191.07 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 174.42 T 505.81 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Total 1697.36 T 495.60 T 2191.07 TM 8946.91 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment >2

Overturning Moment
= 8946.91 = 4.08 Safe
2191.07
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal
= 1697.36 x 0.60 = 2.05 Safe
495.60
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 8946.91 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 2191.07 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 1697.36 Tm
x = 8946.91 - 2191.07 = 3.98 m
1697.36
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 3.98
= 0.47 m < 1.48 (b/6)
 Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 1697.36 x ( 1 + 6 x 0.47 )
8.90 8.900
=( 190.72 x 1.317 )/ 12.50
= 20.09 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 1697.36 x ( 1 - 6 x 0.47 )
8.90 8.90
=( 190.72 x 0.683 )/ 12.50
= 10.42 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.

3 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 644.83 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2440.63 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T T 2226.2 Tm Total Resisting moment 11885.8 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T T Tm 7740.6 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3294.27 Tm
Earth Pressure 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm 840.0 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm 132.7 Tm
WC 21.75 T 65.3 Tm
LL Maximum 78.00 T T Tm 234.0 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Total 2440.63 644.83 3294.27 11885.8 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
0.00 T 0.00 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment >2

Overturning Moment
= 11885.79 = 3.61 Safe
3294.27
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal
= 2440.63 x 0.60 = 2.27 Safe
644.83
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 11885.79 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 3294.27 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 2440.63 Tm
x = 11885.79 - 3294.27 = 3.52 m
2440.63
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 3.52
= 0.93 m < 1.48 (b/6)
Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 2440.63 x ( 1 + 6 x 0.93 )
8.90 8.900
=( 274.23 x 1.627 )/ 12.50
= 35.69 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 2440.63 x ( 1 - 6 x 0.93 )
8.90 8.90
=( 274.23 x 0.373 )/ 12.50
= 8.19 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.
 4 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 624.73 T
Check for Pressures for HFL caVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2101.05 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T T Tm 1944.70 Tm Total Resisting moment 10153.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T T Tm 6496.40 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3132.4 Tm
Earth Pressure T 495.60 T 2191.07 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 17.92 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm 840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm 132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T 65.25 Tm
LL Minimum 9.00 T T Tm 27.0 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Water Current (Long) 0.37 T 2.39 Tm
Total 2101.05 T 624.71 T 3132.42 Tm 10153.09 Tm

bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm

Water Current (Trans) 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
4.40 T 17.92 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment >2

Overturning Moment
= 10153.09 = 3.24 Safe
3132.42
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal
= 2101.05 x 0.60 = 2.02 Safe
624.73
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 10153.09 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 3132.42 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 2101.05 Tm
x = 10153.09 - 3132.42 = 3.34 m
2101.05
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 3.34
= 1.11 m < 1.48 (b/6)
 Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 2101.05 x ( 1 + 6 x 1.11 )
8.90 8.900
=( 236.07 x 1.747 )/ 12.50
= 33.00 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 2101.05 x ( 1 - 6 x 1.11 )
8.90 8.90
=( 236.07 x 0.253 )/ 12.50
= 4.77 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe

Ptrans = 17.92 / ( 8.90 x 156.25 / 6 ) = 0.07732 T/m2

Ptoe Net = 33.00 + 0.08 = 33.08 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe

Pheel Net= 4.77 - 0.08 = 4.70 T/m 2
> 0 T/m 2
Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.

5 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 650.48 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2470.45 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T T 2226.17 Tm Total Resisting moment 11885.8 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T T Tm 7740.62 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3362.1 Tm
Earth Pressure 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 271.13 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm 840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm 132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T 65.25 Tm
LL Maximum 78.00 T T Tm 234.00 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Wind (Long) 29.82 T 5.30 T 67.78 Tm Tm
Total 2470.45 650.13 3362.05 11885.79 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
Wind (trans) 21.20 T 271.13 Tm
21.20 T 271.13 Tm
A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment >2
Overturning Moment
= 11885.79 = 3.54 Safe
3362.05
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal
= 2470.45 x 0.60 = 2.28 Safe
650.48
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 11885.79 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 3362.05 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 2470.45 Tm
x = 11885.79 - 3362.05 = 3.45 m
2470.45
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 3.45
= 1.00 m < 1.48 (b/6)
Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 2470.45 x ( 1 + 6 x 1.00 )
8.90 8.900
=( 277.58 x 1.674 )/ 12.50
= 37.17 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 2470.45 x ( 1 - 6 x 1.00 )
8.90 8.90
=( 277.58 x 0.326 )/ 12.50
= 7.24 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe

Ptrans = 271.13 / ( 8.90 x 156.25 / 6 ) = 1.169824 T/m2

Ptoe Net = 37.17 + 1.17 = 38.34 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe

Pheel Net= 7.24 - 1.17 = 6.07 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.
 6 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+Wind
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 630.53 T
Check for Pressures for HFL caVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2071.23 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T T Tm 1944.70 Tm Total Resisting moment 10153.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T T Tm 6496.40 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3200.2 Tm
Earth Pressure T 495.60 T 2191.07 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 289.05 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm 840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm 132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T 65.25 Tm
LL Minimum 9.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 26.99 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Wind (Long) -29.82 T 5.30 T 67.78 Tm Tm
Water Current (Long) 0.37 T 2.39 Tm
Total 2071.23 T 630.01 T 3200.20 Tm 10153.09 Tm

bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm

Water Current (Trans) 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
Wind (trans) 21.20 T 271.13 Tm
25.61 T 289.05 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment >2

Overturning Moment
= 10153.09 = 3.17 Safe
3200.20
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal
= 2071.23 x 0.60 = 1.97 Safe
630.53
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 10153.09 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 3200.20 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 2071.23 Tm
x = 10153.09 - 3200.20 = 3.36 m
2071.23
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 3.36
= 1.09 m < 1.48 (b/6)
 Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 2071.23 x ( 1 + 6 x 1.09 )
8.90 8.900
=( 232.72 x 1.737 )/ 12.50
= 32.34 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 2071.23 x ( 1 - 6 x 1.09 )
8.90 8.90
=( 232.72 x 0.263 )/ 12.50
= 4.90 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe

Ptrans = 289.05 / ( 8.90 x 156.25 / 6 ) = 1.25 T/m2

Ptoe Net = 32.34 + 1.25 = 33.59 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe

Pheel Net= 4.90 - 1.25 = 3.65 T/m 2
> 0 T/m 2
Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.

7 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE Long

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 992.74 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2194.49 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T T Tm 2226.17 Tm Total Resisting moment 11153.8 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T T Tm 7740.62 Tm Total Overturning Moment 5042.4 Tm
Earth Pressure T 840.80 T 3837.20 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 130.01 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm 840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm 132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T 65.25 Tm
LL Maximum 15.60 T T Tm 46.8 Tm 0.20
bearing force 20.20 T 200.71
Seismic Force 4.11 T 34.73 T 381.46 Tm Tm 1 ML
Total 2194.49 992.68 5042.44 11153.8 Tm

Seismic (trans) 10.61 T 130.01 Tm 0.3MT

bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm
10.61 T 130.01 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 1.5

Overturning Moment
= 11153.85 = 2.21 Safe
5042.44
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.25
Horizontal
= 2194.49 x 0.60 = 1.33 Safe
992.74
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 11153.85 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 5042.44 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 2194.49 Tm
x = 11153.85 - 5042.44 = 2.78 m
2194.49
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 2.78
= 1.67 m > 1.48 (b/6)
Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 2194.49 x ( 1 + 6 x 1.67 )
8.90 8.900
=( 246.57 x 2.123 )/ 12.50
= 41.87 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 2194.49 x ( 1 - 6 x 1.67 )
8.90 8.90
=( 246.57 x -0.123 )/ 12.50
= -2.42 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Unsafe

Ptrans = 130.01 / ( 8.90 x 156.25 / 6 ) = 0.560943 T/m2

Ptoe Net = 41.87 + 0.56 = 42.43 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe

Pheel Net= -2.42 - 0.56 = -2.98 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Unsafe
% area in contact = 93.4%
Hence, max pressure for net contact area -= 45.40835 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.
In Seismic case, the tension is permitted if contact area is > 67%. Hence, it is safe.
 8 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE Long+HFL
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 933.08 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 1911.44 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T T Tm 1944.70 Tm Total Resisting moment 9590.7 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T T Tm 6496.40 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4777.3 Tm
Earth Pressure T 780.71 T 3569.62 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 147.93 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm 840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm 132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T 65.25 Tm
LL Minimum 3.12 T T Tm 9.4 Tm 0.20
bearing force 20.20 T 200.71
Water Current (long) 0.37 T 2.39 Tm Tm
Seismic Force 4.11 T 34.73 T 381.46 Tm Tm 1 ML
Total 1911.44 932.96 4777.26 9590.72 Tm

Seismic (trans) 10.61 T 130.01 Tm 0.3 MT

Water current (trans) 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm
15.02 T 147.93 Tm

A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 1.5

Overturning Moment
= 9590.72 = 2.01 Safe
4777.26
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.25
Horizontal
= 1911.44 x 0.60 = 1.23 Unsafe
933.08
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 9590.72 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 4777.26 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 1911.44 Tm
x = 9590.72 - 4777.26 = 2.52 m
1911.44
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Abutment section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.450 - 2.52
= 1.93 m > 1.48 (b/6)
 Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 1911.44 x ( 1 + 6 x 1.93 )
8.90 8.900
=( 214.77 x 2.302 )/ 12.50
= 39.56 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 1911.44 x ( 1 - 6 x 1.93 )
8.90 8.90
=( 214.77 x -0.302 )/ 12.50
= -5.19 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Unsafe

Ptrans = 147.93 / ( 8.90 x 156.25 / 6 ) = 0.638263 T/m2

Ptoe Net = 39.56 + 0.64 = 40.20 T/m2 < 60 T/m2 Safe

Pheel Net= -5.19 - 0.64 = -5.83 T/m 2
> 0 T/m 2
Unsafe
% area in contact = 87.3%
Hence, max pressure for net contact area -= 46.02767 < 60 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is Safe under this condition.
In Seismic case, the tension is permitted if contact area is > 67%. Hence, it is safe.
 7.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATION- Combinations for Equilibrium as per IRC:6-2014 Table 3.1
Friction for foundation & rock= 0.6
1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE) Moment - ve is overturning
factors Load Moment
Check for Pressures for LWL casVertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 691.61 T
DL of Abutment 0.95 469.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 2014.58 Tm Total Vertical load 1771.09 T
Soil Dead Load 0.95 1133.57 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 6883.24 Tm Total Resisting moment 9384.49 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 0.00 T 691.61 T 2972.55 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Overturning Moment 2972.55 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 167.82 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 486.67 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Total 1771.09 T 691.61 T 2972.55 Tm 9384.49 Tm SLIDING = 1.54 Safe
OVERTURNING = 3.16 Safe
2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (HFL CASE)
Load Moment
Check for Pressures for HFL Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 664.63 T
DL of Abutment 0.95 408.28 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 1751.17 Tm Total Vertical load 1501.22 T
Soil Dead Load 0.95 938.55 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 5699.03 Tm Total Resisting moment 7897.93 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 0.00 T 664.63 T 2760.98 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Overturning Moment 2760.98 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 154.39 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 447.74 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Total 1501.22 T 664.63 T 2760.98 TM 7897.93 Tm SLIDING = 1.36 Safe
OVERTURNING = 2.86 Safe
3 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 876.80 T
Check for Pressures for LWL casVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2263.84 T
DL of Abutment 0.95 469.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 2014.58 Tm Total Resisting moment 10857.7 Tm
Soil Dead Load 0.95 1133.57 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 6883.24 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4248.6 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 0.00 T 691.61 T 2972.55 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 167.82 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 486.67 Tm SLIDING = 1.55 Safe
Surcharge (LL+SIDL 1.50 50.05 T 137.51 T 835.59 Tm 145.15 Tm OVERTURNING = 2.56 Safe
DL of Superstructur 0.95 266.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 798.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 179.11 Tm
LL Maximum 1.50 117.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 351.00 Tm
bearing force 1.50 0.00 T 47.68 T 440.45 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 2263.84 876.80 4248.59 10857.7 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 0.00 Tm
0.00 T 0.00 Tm
4 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 850.27 T
Check for Pressures for HFL cas Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 1903.90 T
DL of Abutment 0.95 408.28 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 1751.16 Tm Total Resisting moment 9099.6 Tm
Soil Dead Load 0.95 938.55 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 5699.03 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4039.4 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 0.00 T 664.63 T 2760.98 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Trans. Moment 17.92 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 167.82 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 486.67 Tm SLIDING = 1.34 Safe
Surcharge (LL+SIDL 1.50 50.05 T 137.51 T 835.59 Tm 145.15 Tm OVERTURNING = 2.25 Safe
DL of Superstructur 0.95 266.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 798.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 179.11 Tm
LL Maximum 1.50 13.49 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 40.48 Tm
bearing force 1.50 0.00 T 47.68 T 440.45 Tm 0.00 Tm
Water Current (Long 1.00 0.00 T 0.44 T 2.43 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 1903.90 T 850.26 T 4039.44 Tm 9099.59 Tm

bearing force (trans) 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 0.00 Tm

Water Current (Tran 1.00 0.00 T 4.40 T 17.92 Tm 0.00 Tm
4.40 T 17.92 Tm

5 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 877.01 T
Check for Pressures for LWL casVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2263.84 T
DL of Abutment 0.95 469.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 2014.58 Tm Total Resisting moment 10857.7 Tm
Soil Dead Load 0.95 1133.57 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 6883.24 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4248.6 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 0.00 T 691.61 T 2972.55 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Trans. Moment 244.02 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 167.82 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 486.67 Tm SLIDING = 1.55 Safe
Surcharge (LL+SIDL 1.50 50.05 T 137.51 T 835.59 Tm 145.15 Tm OVERTURNING = 2.56 Safe
DL of Superstructur 0.95 266.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 798.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 179.11 Tm
LL Maximum 1.50 117.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 351.00 Tm
bearing force 1.50 0.00 T 47.68 T 440.45 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 2263.84 876.80 4248.59 10857.7 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 0.00 Tm
Wind (trans) 0.90 0.00 T 19.08 T 244.02 Tm 0.00 Tm
19.08 T 244.02 Tm
6 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+Wind
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 850.58 T
Check for Pressures for HFL cas Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 1903.90 T
DL of Abutment 0.95 408.28 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 1751.17 Tm Total Resisting moment 9099.6 Tm
Soil Dead Load 0.95 938.55 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 5699.03 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4039.4 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 0.00 T 664.63 T 2760.98 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Trans. Moment 261.94 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 167.82 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 486.67 Tm SLIDING = 1.34 Safe
Surcharge (LL+SIDL 1.50 50.05 T 137.51 T 835.59 Tm 145.15 Tm OVERTURNING = 2.25 Safe
DL of Superstructur 0.95 266.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 798.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 179.11 Tm
LL Maximum 1.50 13.49 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 40.48 Tm
bearing force 1.50 0.00 T 47.68 T 440.45 Tm 0.00 Tm
Water Current (Long 1.00 0.00 T 0.44 T 2.43 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 1903.90 T 850.26 T 4039.45 Tm 9099.61 Tm

bearing force (trans) 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 0.00 Tm

Water Current (Tran 1.00 0.00 T 4.40 T 17.92 Tm 0.00 Tm
Wind (trans) 0.90 0.00 T 19.08 T 244.02 Tm 0.00 Tm
23.49 T 261.94 Tm

7 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 885.66 T
Check for Pressures for LWL casVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2053.02 T
DL of Abutment 1.00 494.42 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 2120.61 Tm Total Resisting moment 10444.9 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.00 1193.24 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 7245.51 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4221.3 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.00 0.00 T 751.17 T 3228.53 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Trans. Moment 136.98 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL 1.00 33.37 T 91.67 T 557.06 Tm 96.76 Tm SLIDING = 1.39 Safe
DL of Superstructur 1.00 280.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 840.00 Tm OVERTURNING = 2.47 Safe
SIDL 1.00 44.23 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 132.68 Tm
LL Maximum 0.20 3.12 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 9.36 Tm
bearing force 0.20 0.00 T 4.04 T 37.31 Tm 0.00 Tm
Seismic Force 1.00 4.66 T 38.70 T 398.39 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 2053.02 885.58 4221.29 10444.9 Tm

Seismic (trans) 1.00 0.00 T 11.83 T 136.98 Tm 0.00 Tm

bearing force (trans) 1.00 0.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 0.00 Tm
11.83 T 136.98 Tm
8 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE+HFL
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 787.40 T
Check for Pressures for LWL casVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 1775.93 T
DL of Abutment 1.00 429.77 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 1843.34 Tm Total Resisting moment 8913.6 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.00 987.95 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 5998.97 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3595.5 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.00 0.00 T 691.08 T 2998.74 Tm 0.00 Tm Total Trans. Moment 155.08 Tm
SLIDING = 1.35 Safe
Surcharge (LL+SIDL 1.00 33.37 T 91.67 T 557.06 Tm 96.76 Tm OVERTURNING = 2.48 Safe
DL of Superstructur 1.00 280.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 840.00 Tm
SIDL 1.00 44.23 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 132.68 Tm
LL Maximum 0.20 0.62 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 1.87 Tm
bearing force 0.20 0.00 T 4.04 T 37.31 Tm 0.00 Tm
Water Current (long 1.00 0.00 T 0.44 T 2.43 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 1775.93 787.23 3595.54 8913.6 Tm

Seismic (trans) 1.00 0.00 T 11.83 T 136.98 Tm 0.00 Tm

Water current (trans 1.00 0.00 T 4.71 T 18.10 Tm 0.00 Tm
bearing force (trans) 0.00 0.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 0.00 Tm
16.53 T 155.08 Tm
 8.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATION. (ULS load factors)
Length of Abutment = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)
Length of foundation = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)
Width of foundation = 2.90 m (Long dirn)
Thickness of foundation = 0.45 m

1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE) - ve is overturning

Load Moment
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 774.1 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 697.10 T 3005.33 Tm Total Vertical load 2800.7 T
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1915.73 T 11610.93 Tm Total Resisting moment 15161.0 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 774.14 T 3532.96 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3533.0 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 187.84 T 544.74 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.0 Tm
Total 2800.67 T 774.14 T 3532.96 Tm 15161.00 Tm

2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (HFL CASE)

Load Moment
Check for Pressures for HFL Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 743.4 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 608.96 T 2625.34 Tm Total Vertical load 2391.2 T
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1607.80 T 9744.60 Tm Total Resisting moment 12875.8 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 743.40 T 3286.60 TM Total Overturning Moment 3286.6 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 174.42 T 505.81 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.0 Tm
Total 2391.18 T 743.40 T 3286.60 TM 12875.75 Tm

3 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 938.16 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 3435.79 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 697.10 T T 3005.33 Tm Total Resisting moment 17062.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1915.73 T T Tm 11610.93 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4754.48 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 774.14 T 3532.96 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 187.84 T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SI 1.20 42.35 T 116.35 T 747.70 Tm 122.80 Tm
DL of Superstruct 1.35 378.00 T T Tm 1134.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T T Tm 179.11 Tm
WC 1.75 38.06 T 114.19 Tm
LL Maximum 1.50 117.00 T T Tm 351.00 Tm
bearing force 1.50 T 47.68 T 473.82 Tm Tm
 Total 3435.79 938.16 4754.48 17062.1 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (tran 1.50 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
0.00 T 0.00 Tm

4 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 907.80 T
Check for Pressures for HFL caVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2936.21 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 608.96 T T Tm 2625.34 Tm Total Resisting moment 14505.3 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1607.80 T T Tm 9744.60 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4510.5 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 T 743.40 T 3286.60 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 17.92 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 187.84 T T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SI 1.20 42.35 T 116.35 T 747.70 Tm 122.80 Tm
DL of Superstruct 1.35 378.00 T T Tm 1134.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T T Tm 179.11 Tm
WC 1.75 38.06 T 114.19 Tm
LL Minimum 1.50 13.49 T T Tm 40.48 Tm
bearing force 1.50 T 47.68 T 473.82 Tm Tm
Water Current (Lo 1.00 0.37 T 2.39 Tm
Total 2936.21 T 907.79 T 4510.51 Tm 14505.27 Tm

bearing force (tran 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm

Water Current (Tr 1.00 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
4.40 T 17.92 Tm

5 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 943.12 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 3462.62 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 697.10 T T 3005.33 Tm Total Resisting moment 17062.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1915.73 T T Tm 11610.93 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4815.5 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 774.14 T 3532.96 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 244.02 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 187.84 T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SI 1.20 42.35 T 116.35 T 747.70 Tm 122.80 Tm
DL of Superstruct 1.35 378.00 T T Tm 1134.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T T Tm 179.11 Tm
WC 1.75 38.06 T 114.19 Tm
LL Maximum 1.50 117.00 T T Tm 351.00 Tm
 bearing force 1.50 T 47.68 T 473.82 Tm Tm
Wind (Long) 0.90 26.84 T 4.77 T 61.00 Tm Tm
Total 3462.62 942.93 4815.48 17062.10 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (tran 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
Wind (trans) 0.90 19.08 T 244.02 Tm
19.08 T 244.02 Tm

6 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+Wind

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 912.87 T
Check for Pressures for HFL caVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2909.37 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 608.96 T T Tm 2625.34 Tm Total Resisting moment 14505.3 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1607.80 T T Tm 9744.60 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4571.5 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 T 743.40 T 3286.60 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 261.94 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1.00 187.84 T T Tm 544.74 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SI 1.20 42.35 T 116.35 T 747.70 Tm 122.80 Tm
DL of Superstruct 1.35 378.00 T T Tm 1134.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T T Tm 179.11 Tm
WC 1.75 38.06 T 114.19 Tm
LL Minimum 1.50 13.49 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm 40.48 Tm
bearing force 1.50 T 47.68 T 473.82 Tm Tm
Wind (Long) 0.90 -26.84 T 4.77 T 61.00 Tm Tm
Water Current (Lo 1.00 0.37 T 2.39 Tm
Total 2909.37 T 912.56 T 4571.51 Tm 14505.27 Tm

bearing force (tran 1.50 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm

Water Current (Tr 1.00 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
Wind (trans) 0.90 19.08 T 244.02 Tm
23.49 T 261.94 Tm

7 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE Long

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 1430.54 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 3094.94 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 697.10 T T Tm 3005.33 Tm Total Resisting moment 16040.6 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1915.73 T T Tm 11610.93 Tm Total Overturning Moment 7151.8 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 T 1261.20 T 5755.80 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 195.02 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SI 1.00 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
 DL of Superstruct 1.20 336.00 T T Tm 1008.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T T Tm 179.11 Tm
WC 1.35 29.36 T 88.09 Tm
LL Maximum 1.00 15.60 T T Tm 46.80 Tm 0.20
bearing force 1.00 20.20 T 200.71
Seismic Force 1.50 6.16 T 52.10 T 572.19 Tm Tm 1 ML
Total 3094.94 1430.45 7151.77 16040.6 Tm

Seismic (trans) 1.50 15.92 T 195.02 Tm 0.3MT

bearing force (tran 1.00 0.00 T 0.00 Tm
15.92 T 195.02 Tm

8 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE Long+HFL

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 1340.84 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2686.39 T
DL of Abutment 1.35 608.96 T T Tm 2625.34 Tm Total Resisting moment 13756.8 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1.50 1607.80 T T Tm 9744.60 Tm Total Overturning Moment 6752.8 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.50 T 1171.06 T 5354.44 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 212.94 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SI 1.00 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm 102.34 Tm
DL of Superstruct 1.20 336.00 T 0.00 T Tm 1008.00 Tm
SIDL 1.35 59.70 T T Tm 179.11 Tm
WC 1.35 29.36 T 88.09 Tm
LL Minimum 1.00 3.12 T T Tm 9.36 Tm 0.20
bearing force 1.00 20.20 T 200.71
Water Current (lon 1.00 0.37 T 2.39 Tm Tm
Seismic Force 1.50 6.16 T 52.10 T 572.19 Tm Tm 1 ML
Total 2686.39 1340.68 6752.80 13756.84 Tm

Seismic (trans) 1.50 15.92 T 195.02 Tm 0.3 MT

Water current (tra 1.00 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
bearing force (tran 1.00 0.00 T 0.00 Tm
20.32 T 212.94 Tm
9.0 Design of Foundation
ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM
ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Density Concrete (kn/cu.m) 25

Abutment fck 35 Mpa Ec 32000 Mpa
Sectional Properties
Load Case case 1 case 2 case 3 case 4 case 5 case 6 case 7 case 8
Condition HEEL DESIGN TOE DESIGN
LC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Width of Foundn, B (mm) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Depth of Foundn, D (mm) 450 450 450 450 1500 1500 1500 1500
Area of Wall m2 0.450 0.450 0.450 0.450 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 0.000
Perimeter of Wall m 2.900 2.900 2.900 2.900 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 0.000
Moment of Inertia m4 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.281 0.281 0.281 0.281 0.000
depth of section m 0.450 0.450 0.450 0.450 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 0.000
CG of Section (bot) m 0.225 0.225 0.225 0.225 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.000
Z bot of section m4 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 #DIV/0!
Z top of section m4 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 #DIV/0!
Width of Cap m 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.000 0.000
2
Area of Cap m 0.450 0.450 0.450 0.450 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 0.000 0.000
Moment of Inertia m4 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.281 0.281 0.281 0.281 0.000 0.000
depth of section m 0.450 0.450 0.450 0.450 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 0.000 0.000
CG of Section (bot) m 0.225 0.225 0.225 0.225 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.000 0.000
Z bot of section m4 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 #DIV/0! 0.000
Z top of girder. m4 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 #DIV/0! 0.000
4
Z top of Composite m 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 #DIV/0! 0.000

Grade of concrete =M 35 MPa

Grade of steel = Fe500

(fck) = 35.00
(fywk) = 500.00 (fywk)/g 434.7826 N/mm2
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.80 N/mm2 Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*fyk/γs = 347.83 N/mm2 Clause-10.3.3.2 P-91
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50 1.25 MPa Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15 MPa Clause-6.2.2 P-30
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035 Basic Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es) = 200000 Basic Clause-6.2.2 P-29
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 32000 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.25 N/mm2
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xEs)}+0.002] = 0.0042 MPa
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) = 0.67 (.67 for cube/0.85 cylinder) Cube Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Factor (l ) = 0.80 page-242
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00 page-242
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 15.63 Clause-6.4.2.8 P-48
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 12.51
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)
DESIGN OF FOOTING At Stemen At CF jn at mid case 4 case 5 case 6 case 7 case 8
HEEL DESIGN TOE DESIGN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Design Shear = KN 79 127 0 0 915 799 1014 945
Design Moment = KNm 20 36 35 0 1277 1104 1378 1271
Width of beam, B = mm 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Depth of beam, D = mm 450 450 450 450 1500 1500 1500 1500
No of layers = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Dia of Main. Bar = mm 16 16 16 16 25 25 25 25
cover to reinf. = mm 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
Dia of Transverse bar = mm 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
deff provided = 357 357 357 357 1403 1403 1403 1403
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) = 0.013 0.023 0.022 0.000 0.052 0.045 0.056 0.052

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = mm 162.82 162.82 162.82 162.82 639.67 639.67 639.67 639.67

Xu in mm = mm 4.5 8.1 7.9 0.0 74.4 64.1 80.4 74.0

IS Xu is less then the limiting Xulim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Steel required, As = mm2 130 234 228 0 2139 1844 2312 2129
Minimum Reinf.reqd = 0.13% mm2 932 925 925 942 2984 3005 2971 2985

Dia of bars mm 16 16 16 16 25 25 25 25
Nos Nos 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
Dia of bars mm
Nos Nos
Dia of bars mm
Nos Nos
Spacing of Bars mm 167 167 167 167 143 143 143 143
Reinf provided = mm2 1206 1206 1206 1206 3436 3436 3436 3436
Reinf provided is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Neutral axis depth (x) = mm 42 42 42 42 119 119 119 119
NA is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ult Moment of resistance of section = kNm 178 178 178 178 2024 2024 2024 2024
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Check for Ultimate Shear Strength at Various Xn. (Vide Cl:10.3 of I.R.C:-112-2011)
MEd
VRd,c Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
VRd,max Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of compression struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Vccd Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression chord
Vtd Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined tensile chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
.
. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
VEd 79 127 0 0 915 799 1014 945
VNs 79 127 0 0 915 799 1014 945
fck 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35
fyk 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
K 1.748 1.748 1.748 1.748 1.748 1.748 1.748 1.748
d m 0.357 0.357 0.357 0.357 1.403 1.403 1.403 1.403
bw m 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
bwc m 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Asl mm 2
1206 1206 1206 1206 3436 3436 3436 3436
Asc mm 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
S = (Ay)c m3 0.101 0.101 0.101 0.101 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125
I m4 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.281 0.281 0.281 0.281
scp MPA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
fywd MPA 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78
fcd MPA 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63
fctd = fctk/gm 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
n 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516
r1= 0.0034 0.0034 0.0034 0.0034 0.0024 0.0024 0.0024 0.0024
q deg 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
.
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d Cl.10.3.2
VRd,c kN 158.3 158.3 158.3 158.3 621.9 621.9 621.9 621.9
0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
VRd,c kN 151.4 151.4 151.4 151.4 594.7 594.7 594.7 594.7
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
VRd,c kN 158 158 158 158 622 622 622 622
VEd, < 1440 1440 1440 1440 5657 5657 5657 5657
VEd, actual kN 79 127 0 0 915 799 1014 945
Shear Reinforcement is . Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd
.
.
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max kN 1296 1296 1296 1296 5091 5091 5091 5091
rmin = . 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085
Asw min = mm2 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256
n1 = 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52
Asw max = 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
Asw max = mm2 2783.05 2783.05 2783.05 2783.05 2783.05 2783.05 2783.05 2783.05
Asw required = mm2 170 273 0 0 500 437 554 486
s = spacing of stirrups mm 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
diameter of stirrup mm 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 12
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5
Asw provided mm2 471 471 471 471 565 565 565 565
Shear reinft provided Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
VRd,s kN 219 219 219 219 1034 1034 1034 1034
OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (a)) a is angle of stirrups
DFtd 39.5 63.5 0.0 0.0 457.5 399.5 507.0 472.3
(Med - MR)/ z = 493.2 443.4 446.5 555.4 591.8 728.9 512.1 596.8
Additional Steel reqd = 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ULS Case
DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

7100 8600.000

Heel Toe
0
450 1500

6000 400 2500

P2 P4 P3 P1

Length of foundation = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)

Width of foundation = 8.900 m (Long dirn)
Thickness of foundation = 1.50 m

case 1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE)

case 2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (HFL CASE)
case 3 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)
case 4 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)
case 5 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND
case 6 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+Wind
case 7 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE
case 8 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE+HFL

. . . . . . case 1 case 2 case 3 case 4 case 5 case 6 case 7 case 8

H = Total Horizontal Load = 774.1 743.4 938.2 907.8 943.1 912.9 1430.5 1340.8
P = Total Vertical load = 2800.7 2391.2 3435.8 2936.2 3462.6 2909.4 3094.9 2686.4
My = Total Resisting moment = 15161.0 12875.8 17062.1 14505.3 17062.1 14505.3 16040.6 13756.8
Total Overturning Moment = 3533.0 3286.6 4754.5 4510.5 4815.5 4571.5 7151.8 6752.8
Mx = Total Trans. Moment = 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.9 244.0 261.9 195.0 212.9
.
x = 4.2 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.9 2.6
e = 0.30 0.44 0.87 1.05 0.91 1.04 1.58 1.84
Ptoe P1 57.4 = 30.2 27.9 49.0 45.0 50.3 44.4 57.4 54.1
Pheel P2 -5.9 = 20.1 15.1 12.8 7.8 12.0 7.9 -1.8 -5.9
P3 = 27.4 24.3 38.8 34.5 39.5 34.2 40.8 37.3
P4 = 26.9 23.7 37.2 32.9 37.8 32.5 38.1 34.6
Toe avg. pressure T/sqm = 28.8 26.1 43.9 39.8 44.9 39.3 49.1 45.7
Heel avg pressure T/sqm = 23.5 19.4 25.0 20.3 24.9 20.2 18.2 14.4
lever arm for CG of toe pressure mm = 1229 1221 1202 1195 1200 1196 1179 1173
lever arm for CG of heel pressure mm = 2855 2779 2513 2383 2481 2391 1902 1593

Upward force due to pressure on toe T = 72.0 65.2 109.7 99.4 112.3 98.2 122.8 114.3
Moment due to toe pressure Tm = 88.6 79.6 131.8 118.9 134.7 117.4 144.8 134.1
T Self Weight of toe slab T = 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6
O Moment due to toe slab self wt Tm = 7.03 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
E
NET DESIGN MOMENT FOR TOE Tm = 82 73 125 112 128 110 138 127
NET DESIGN SHEAR FOR TOE T = 57 51 89 81 91 80 101 95
HEEL IS DESIGNED AS A SLAB FIXED ON 3 EDGES.
Upward pressure due to soil pr on heel T/sqm = 23.5 19.4 25.0 20.3 24.9 20.2 18.2 14.4

Self Weight of heel slab(submerged) T/sqm = 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
H
E
Wt of Soil retained on heel T/sqm = 20.4 11.4 20.4 11.4 20.4 11.4 20.4 11.4
E
L
Net Pressure on heel T/sqm = 2.42 7.39 3.89 8.30 3.77 8.17 -2.93 2.34

Design Pressure on Heel Slab T/sqm = 8.30

Results from STAAD Model

Design case for maximum pressure
At Stemend At CF jn at mid
Moment 20 36 35
Shear 79.00 127.00 0.01
Reinforcement dirn. vertical horizontal horizontal
10.0 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT/RETURN WALL - 3 SIDES FIXED CASE-Summary of Loads
Normal Seismic
Earth Pressure at 0 m (top) 0.00 T/sqm 0.00 T/sqm
Earth Pressure at 12.403 m (bot) 6.24 T/sqm 10.16 T/sqm

LL Surcharge 0 m (top) 0.60 T/sqm 0.98 T/sqm

12.403 m (bot) 0.60 T/sqm 0.98 T/sqm

Results from STAAD Model

Normal Seismic
At bottom At CF jn at mid At bottom At CF jn at mid
Moment 19.5 120 56 25.5 104 47
Shear 86.00 109.00 0.01 113.00 131.00 0.01
Reinforcement dirn. vertical horizontal horizontal

DESIGN CASE Design Case

At bottom At CF jn at mid
Moment 25.5 120 56
Shear 113 131 0.01
* Maximum of NORMAL/SEISMIC condition is taken for DESIGN CASE

DESIGN OF RETURN WALL - 3 SIDES FIXED CASE

Normal Seismic
Earth Pressure at 0 m (top) 0.00 T/sqm 0.00 T/sqm
Earth Pressure at 12.403 m (bot) 6.24 T/sqm 10.16 T/sqm

LL Surcharge 0.00 m (top) 0.60 T/sqm 0.98 T/sqm

12.40 m (bot) 0.60 T/sqm 0.98 T/sqm

Results from STAAD Model

Normal Seismic
At bottom At CF jn at mid At bottom At CF jn at mid
Moment 105 127 105 136 161 136
Shear 198.00 190.00 0.01 221.00 208.25 0.01
Reinforcement dirn. vertical horizontal horizontal

DESIGN CASE Design Case

At bottom At CF jn at mid
Moment 136 161 136
Shear 221.00 208.25 0.01
* Maximum of NORMAL/SEISMIC condition is taken for DESIGN CASE
Design of Abutment Stem and Return Wall
ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM
ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Density Concrete (kn/cu.m) 25

Abutmenfck 35 Mpa Ec 32000 Mpa
Sectional Properties Abt Stem Returnwall Counterfort
Load Case At botto At CF jn at mid At bottomAt CF jn at mid
Condition Design Design Design Design Design Design Normal Seis
LC
Width of Wall, B (mm) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 500 500
Depth of wall, D (mm) 400 400 400 700 700 700 4386 4386

For ultimate axial load less than-0.1fcdAc shall be designed as bending elements clause-7.6.4.1 IRC-112-2011
Grade of concrete =M 35 MPa
Grade of steel = Fe500

(fck) = 35.00
(fywk) = 500.00 (fywk)/g 434.783 N/mm2
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.80 N/mm2 Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*fyk/γs = 347.83 N/mm2 Clause-10.3.3.2 P-91
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50 MPa Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15 MPa Clause-6.2.2 P-30
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035 Basic Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es) = 200000 Basic Clause-6.2.2 P-29
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 32000 Up to fck ≤ 60MpTable-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.25 N/mm2
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xEs)}+0.002] 0.0042
= MPa
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) = 0.67 (.67 for cube/0.85 cylinder) Cube Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Factor (l ) = 0.80 page-242
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00 page-242
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 15.63 Clause-6.4.2.8 P-48
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 12.51
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)
Abt Stem Returnwall Counterfort
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM At botto At CF jn at mid At botto At CF jn at mid
Design Design Design Design Design Design Normal Seis

Design Shear = KN 113 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699

Design Moment = KNm 26 120 56 136 161 136 4739 7154
Width of beam, B = mm 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 500 500
Depth of beam, D = mm 400 400 400 700 700 700 4386 4386
No of layers = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Dia of Main. Bar = mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
cover to reinf. = mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
Dia of Transverse bar = mm 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16
deff provided = 332 332 328 628 628 628 4314 4314
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) = 0.018 0.087 0.042 0.028 0.033 0.028 0.041 0.061

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = mm 151.42 151.42 149.60 286.42 286.42 286.42 1967.69 1967.69

Xu in mm = mm 6.2 30.0 13.9 17.5 20.8 17.5 178.6 272.0

IS Xu is less then the limiting Xulim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Steel required, As = mm2 178 862 399 504 598 504 2569 3913
Minimum Reinf.reqd = 0.13% mm2 520 520 520 910 910 910 2851 2851
Dia of bars mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Nos Nos 8 8 8 10 10 10 10 10
Spacing of Bars mm 125 125 125 100 100 100 40 40
Reinf provided = mm2 905 905 905 1131 1131 1131 1131 1131
Reinf provided is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Unsafe Unsafe
Neutral axis depth (x) = mm 31 31 31 39 39 39 39 39
NA is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ult Moment of resistance of section = kNm 126 126 124 301 301 301 2106 2106
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Unsafe Unsafe

Check for Ultimate Shear Strength at Various Xn. (Vide Cl:10.3 of I.R.C:-112-2011)
MEd
VRd,c Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
VRd,max Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of compression struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Vccd Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression chord
Vtd Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined tensile chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
.
. Abt Stem Returnwall 7 8 Retwall
VEd 113 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699 539
VNs 113 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699 539
fck 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35
fyk 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
K 1.776 1.776 1.781 1.564 1.564 1.564 1.215 1.215 Err:502
d m 0.332 0.332 0.328 0.628 0.628 0.628 4.314 4.314 -0.079
bw m 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.500 0.500 0.000
bwc m 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.500 0.500 0.000
Asl mm 2
905 905 905 1131 1131 1131 1131 1131 3436
fywd MPA 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78
fcd MPA 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63
fctd = fctk/gm 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
n 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516
r1 = 0.0027 0.0027 0.0028 0.0018 0.0018 0.0018 0.0005 0.0005 #DIV/0!
q deg 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
.
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d
Cl.10.3.2Cl.10.3.2
VRd,c kN 139.2 139.2 138.5 202.0 202.0 202.0 357.5 357.5 Err:502
VRd,c kN 144.1 144.1 143.0 225.3 225.3 225.3 530.0 530.0 Err:502
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
VRd,c kN 144 144 143 225 225 225 530 530 Err:502
VEd, < 1339 1339 1323 2533 2533 2533 8701 8701 0
VEd, actual kN 113 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699 539
Not Not Not Not Not Not
Reqd Reqd Err:502
Shear Reinforcement is . Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd
 11.0 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT/RETURN COUNTERFORTS-Summary of Loads
Thickness of the counterfort: = 500 mm
C/C spacing of counterforts = 2.90 m
CF width at bottom = 5050 mm

H1
2915

1500
1.0

1.75 H2
1 7538
#REF!

10453

B'

29.71 deg

T1
450 1500 T2
#REF! B 0
D 6000 400 2500 E
B1 H B2 H B3
1 B 1
8900

Normal Seismic
Total Moment at top of foundation in abutment Force (T) Moment-Tm Force (T) Moment-Tm
From Earth Pressure 356.69 1368.84 581.12 2230.08
From LL SC 80.36 428.03 130.92 697.34
From Braking 31.785 245.95 20.20 156.28
Sum 468.83 2042.83 732.23 3083.70
Total/m width 37.51 163.43 58.58 246.70

Forces/ Moments resisted by each CF = 108.8 473.9 169.9 715.4

Eff Depth of resisting section 4386 mm
 DESIGN OF RETURNWALL COUNTERFORT
Spacing of counterfort (effective width resisted by the CF = 3000 mm
Thickness of the counterfort: = 750 mm
Length of counterforts = 2.100 m

1000
1500

H1
12403
1.0

5.43

10.43 deg

T1
450

2100 700
B1 B2

Normal Seismic
Total Moment at top of foundation in return wall Force (T) Moment-Tm Force (T) Moment-Tm
From Earth Pressure 28.54 109.51 46.49 178.41
From LL SC 6.43 34.24 10.47 55.79
Total/m width 34.96 143.75 56.96 234.19

Forces/ Moments resisted by each CF = 104.9 431.3 170.9 702.6

Depth of resisting section 2065 mm
Design of Counterforts
ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM
ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Density Concrete (kn/cu.m) 25

Abutmenfck 35 Mpa Ec 32000 Mpa
Sectional Properties Abt Countrfrt Returnwall CF End CF
Condition Normal Seis Normal Seis Normal Seis
LC
Width of Wall, B (mm) 500 500 750 750 700 700
Depth of wall, D (mm) 4386 4386 2065 2065 6000 6000

For ultimate axial load less than-0.1fcdAc shall be designed as bending elements clause-7.6.4.1 IRC-112-2011
Grade of concrete =M 35 MPa
Grade of steel = Fe500

(fck) = 35.00
(fywk) = 500.00 (fywk)/g 434.783 N/mm2
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.80 N/mm2 Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*fyk/γs = 347.83 N/mm2 Clause-10.3.3.2 P-91
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50 MPa Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15 MPa Clause-6.2.2 P-30
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035 Basic Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es) = 200000 Basic Clause-6.2.2 P-29
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 32000 Up to fck ≤ 60MpTable-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.25 N/mm2
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xEs)}+0.002]
=
0.0042 MPa
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) = 0.67 (.67 for cube/0.85 cylinder) Cube Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Factor (l ) = 0.80 page-242
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00 page-242
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 15.63 Clause-6.4.2.8 P-48
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 12.51
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)
Abt Countrfrt Returnwall CF END Counterft
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM
Normal Seis Normal Seis Normal Seis 0.00 0.00
Design Shear = KN 1088 1699 1049 1709 1088 1699
Design Moment = KNm 4739 7154 4313 7026 4739 7154
Width of beam, B = mm 500 500 750 750 700 700 0 0
Depth of beam, D = mm 4386 4386 2065 2065 6000 6000 0 0
No of layers = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Dia of Main. Bar = mm 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32
cover to reinf. = mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
Dia of Transverse bar = mm 12 12 12 12 16 16 16 16
deff provided = 4308 4308 1987 1987 5918 5918 -82 -82
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) = 0.041 0.062 0.116 0.190 0.015 0.023 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = mm 1964.96 1964.96 906.38 906.38 2699.1 2699.1 -37.40 -37.40

Force in compression = Force in Tension from Fig. A2-4 - rectangular Tensile Strength
Annexure A-2 P-243
fy*As = hfcd * lx* b = Fav * x*b
gs

As = gs * Fav * x*b
fy
Fav = As * fy
 gs * X * b
M = fy*As *(d-lx/2) (M=F*e) =Fav*e= hfcd * l* b *e
gs
= fy*gs * Fav * x*b *(d-bx) Where e (d-lx/2)
gs * fy

= Fav * x*b *(d-bx)

By solving the the equation
bx2 -dx + M/Fav*b = 0
x = d-sqrt(d2-4*b*M/Fav*b)/(2*b)
= d*(1-sqrt(1-4*b*M/Fav*b*d2))/(2*b)
= d*(1-sqrt(1-4*b*kav))/(2*b)

Neutral axis depth (x) = fy*As * gm mm

gs * hfck a * l* b

Steel required, As = gs * Fav * x*b

fy

Minimum Reinft = As,min ss = kc k fct,eff Act Eq.12.1 Eq.12.1 Eq.12.1

ss = 347.83

k (web) = 0.79 0.79 0.97 0.97 0.93 0.93 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
fct,eff = max of 2.8, fctm = 2.80
Act (web) = 0.078 0.078 0.117 0.117 0.115 0.115 0.000 0.000 0.000
kc (web) = 0.4*(1-sc/(k1.(h/h*).fctef)= 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
As,min = 198 198 364 364 344 344 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Xu in mm = mm 178.9 272.4 243.3 410.9 92.0 139.4 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

IS Xu is less then the limiting Xulim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Steel required, As = mm2 2573 3918 5248 8865 1853 2807 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Minimum Reinf.reqd = 0.13% mm2 2851.07 2851 2014 2014 5460 5460 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Dia of bars mm 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32
Nos Nos 4 4 6 6 4 4 4 4
Dia of bars mm 32 32 32 32 32 32
Nos Nos 4 4 6 6 4 4
Dia of bars mm 32 32
Nos Nos 2 2
Spacing of Bars mm 120 120 120 120 185 185 -45 -45
Reinf provided = mm2 6434 6434 11259 11259 6434 6434 3217 3217
Reinf provided is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Neutral axis depth (x) = mm 447 447 783 783 447 447 224 224
NA is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Modify the
Modify
section
the section
Ult Moment of resistance of section = kNm 11551 11551 8707 8707 16197 16197 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Check for Ultimate Shear Strength at Various Xn. (Vide Cl:10.3 of I.R.C:-112-2011)
MEd
VRd,c Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
VRd,max Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of compression struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Vccd Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression chord
Vtd Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined tensile chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
.
. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Retwall
VEd 1088 1699 1049 1709 1088 1699 1088 1699 0
VNs 1088 1699 1049 1709 1088 1699 1088 1699 0
fck 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35
fyk 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
K 1.215 1.215 1.317 1.317 1.184 1.184 Err:502 Err:502 #DIV/0!
d m 4.308 4.308 1.987 1.987 5.918 5.918 -0.082 -0.082 0.000
bw m 0.500 0.500 0.750 0.750 0.700 0.700 0.000 0.000 0.000
bwc m 0.500 0.500 0.750 0.750 0.700 0.700 0.000 0.000 0.000
Asl mm 2
6434 6434 11259 11259 6434 6434 3217 3217 0
fywd MPA 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78
fcd MPA 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63
fctd = fctk/gm 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
n 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516
r1 = 0.0030 0.0030 0.0076 0.0076 0.0016 0.0016 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
q deg 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
.
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d
Cl.10.3.2Cl.10.3.2
VRd,c kN 637.3 637.3 650.9 650.9 960.1 960.1 Err:502 Err:502 #DIV/0!
VRd,c kN 529.4 529.4 413.2 413.2 978.6 978.6 Err:502 Err:502 #DIV/0!
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
VRd,c kN 637 637 651 651 979 979 Err:502 Err:502 #DIV/0!
VEd, < 8688 8688 6012 6012 16709 16709 0 0 0
VEd, actual kN 1088 1699 1049 1709 1088 1699 1088 1699 0
Shear Reinforcement is . Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Err:502 Err:502 #DIV/0!
.
.
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max kN 7820 7820 5410 5410 15038 15038 0 0
rmin = . 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009
Asw min = mm2 85 85 96 96 179 179 0 0
n1 = 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52
Asw max = 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
Asw max = mm2 928 928 1044 1044 1948 1948 0 0
Asw required = mm 2
129 202 202 330 141 220 -4983 -7941
s = spacing of stirrups mm 200 200 150 150 300 300 150 150
diameter of stirrup mm 12 12 16 16 12 12 16 16
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Asw provided mm2 226 226 402 402 226 226 402 402
Shear reinft provided Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
VRd,s kN 1907 1907 2085 2085 1746 1746 -88 -86
OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY Check Check
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (a)) a is angle of stirrups
DFtd 543.8 849.4 524.5 854.4 543.8 849.4 543.8 849.4
(Med - MR)/ z = 1757 1134 2457 940 2151 1698 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Additional Steel reqd = 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
12.0 DESIGN OF DIRTWALL AND ABUTMENT CAP:
Height of Dirt Wall= 2.915 m
Thickness of DW = 0.300 m
Width of wall = 1.000 m (unit width)
Fck 25.0 MPA
Fy 500.0 MPA
Cover to reinft 50.0 mm
Dia of bar 12.0 mm
D eff = 244.0 mm

Earth Pressure
Pressure Pressure
at top of at bot of Force/ CG of F Moment/
Ka g height layer layer width from bot width
T/cum (m) T/sqm T/sqm T/m m Tm /m
EP 0.297 1.8 2.915 0.000 1.560 2.274 1.22 2.78
LL SC 0.279 1.8 2.915 0.603 0.603 1.759 1.46 2.56

Braking due to 20T Bogie Axle

Tyre width = 0.81 m
Wearing Coat = 0.065 m
dispersed width at top of DW= 0.94 m
Load dispersal for cantilever = 1.2a+bw = 0.94 m + 1.2 x 2.915 m
= 4.44 m
C/c of the wheels of the axle = 1.93 m

Hence, effective width of dispersion = 6.37 m

Braking load due to 20T axle = 20% x 20 T = 4 Tons

Bending Moment = 4 Tons X 2.915 m = 11.66 Tm

Effective Bending Moment / m = 11.66 T m / 6.37 m = 1.83 Tm/m

Design Moment & Shear (Shear Check not required for cantilever)
Factored Factored
BM (Tm/m)Shear T/m ULS factor Moment Shear
EP 2.78 2.27 1 2.784 Tm 2.274 T
LLSC 2.56 1.76 1.2 3.077 Tm 2.111 T
Braking 1.83 0.63 1.5 2.747 Tm 0.942 T
8.607 Tm /m widt 5.327 T /m width

MR of DW = 0.1648 fck x b x d^2

= 0.1648 x 25.0 x 1000 mm X 244.0 ^2
= 24.529 Tm

MR = 24.529 > Mu = 8.607 Hence Safe

R= Mu / (fav x b) = 86069319
0.35733 x 25.0 x 1000.0
= 9634.7151

x/ d = 1- Sqrt (1-(4xRx0.416/d^2))/ (2*416)

= 1- sqrt ( 1 - 0.269 ) = 0.174

2 x 0.416

Ast = Mu X 1.15 / (fyk x (d-0.416 .X/d x d)

Ast = 86069319 x 1.15
500.0 x 244.0 x ( 0.927 )

Ast = 875 mm2 Ast reqd= 874 mm2

Provide 12 dia @ 100 mm c/c = 1130.97 mm2

ABUTMENT CAP
The abutment cap is a continuous beam supported over the counterforts. It is modelled in staad as
simply supported continuous beam and the staad output results are summarised below
Summary of loads and forces from STAAD
Shear-Y Torsion Moment-Z
Beam L/C Section kN kNm kNm
2 1 0 436.94 0 355.037
1 0.5 -298.81 0 -220.983
 1 1 -329.56 0 234.582
2 0 65.1 0 71.99
2 0.5 -21.9 0 -18.055
2 1 -21.9 0 13.7
3 0 283.9 0 285.733
3 0.5 -116.1 0 -105.926
3 1 -116.1 0 62.415
4 0 1129.65 0 1033.882
4 0.5 -615.86 0 -488.811
4 1 -657.37 0 434.284
3 1 0 358.81 0 234.582
1 0.5 -376.94 0 -228.149
1 1 -407.69 0 340.704
2 0 25.97 0 13.7
2 0.5 -61.03 0 -19.602
2 1 -61.03 0 68.896
3 0 68.25 0 62.415
3 0.5 -29.75 0 -31.653
3 1 -29.75 0 11.479
4 0 632.22 0 434.284
4 0.5 -660.29 0 -389.783
4 1 -701.8 0 597.738
4 1 0 474.38 0 340.704
1 0.5 442.57 0 -347.004
1 1 -294.24 0 0
2 0 108.83 0 68.896
2 0.5 108.83 0 -94.352
2 1 -75.17 0 0
3 0 4.53 0 11.479
3 0.5 4.53 0 4.69
3 1 3.03 0 0
4 0 837.65 0 597.738
4 0.5 794.71 0 -626.537
4 1 -524.23 0 0
5 1 0 242.46 0 0
1 0.5 210.65 0 -339.838
1 1 -526.15 0 355.037
2 0 61.87 0 0
2 0.5 61.87 0 -92.805
2 1 -122.13 0 71.99
3 0 224.89 0 0
3 0.5 224.89 0 -337.333
3 1 -461.11 0 285.733
4 0 772.93 0 0
4 0.5 729.99 0 -1127.19
4 1 -1615.7 0 1033.882

Design loads for girder

ULS CASE
Shear Torsion Moment
Sagging -1615.7 0 -1127.19
Hogging 1129.65 0 1033.882
Max. 1616 0 1127
 9.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR PILE FOUNDN. (PILE CAPACITY CHECK)
Length of Abutment = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)
Length of foundation = 12.50 m (Trans dirn)
Width of foundation = 0.00 m (Long dirn)
Thickness of foundation = 1.50 m

1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE) - ve is overturning

Load Moment
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 516.1 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T -1549.12 Tm Total Vertical load 544.7 T
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T -7740.62 Tm Total Resisting moment -9562.1 Tm
Earth Pressure 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm Total Overturning Moment 2355.3 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T -272.37 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.0 Tm
Total 544.74 T 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm -9562.11 Tm

2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (HFL CASE)

Load Moment
Check for Pressures for HFL Vertical Horiz. Overturn Resisting Total Horizontal Load 495.60 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T -1353.25 Tm Total Vertical load 1697.36 T
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T -6496.40 Tm Total Resisting moment -8122.03 Tm
Earth Pressure 495.60 T 2191.07 TM Total Overturning Moment 2191.07 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 174.42 T -272.37 Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Total 1697.36 T 495.60 T 2191.07 TM -8122.03 Tm

3 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 644.83 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2440.63 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T T -1549.1 Tm Total Resisting moment -10885.2 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T T Tm -7740.6 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3294.27 Tm
Earth Pressure 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 0.00 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T Tm -272.37 Tm
Surcharge (LL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm -51.17 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm -840.0 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm -132.7 Tm
WC 21.75 T T Tm -65.3 Tm
LL Maximum 78.00 T T Tm -234.0 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Total 2440.63 644.83 3294.27 -10885.2 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
0.00 T 0.00 Tm
4 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 624.73 T
Check for Pressures for HFL caVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2087.63 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T T Tm -1353.25 Tm Total Resisting moment -9238.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T T Tm -6496.40 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3132.4 Tm
Earth Pressure T 495.60 T 2191.07 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 17.92 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 174.42 T T Tm -272.37 Tm
Surcharge (LL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm -51.17 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm -840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm -132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T T Tm -65.25 Tm
LL Minimum 9.00 T T Tm -27.0 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Water Current (Long) 0.37 T 2.39 Tm
Total 2087.63 T 624.71 T 3132.42 Tm -9238.11 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
Water Current (Trans) 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
Total 4.40 T 17.92 Tm

5 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND

. Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 650.48 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2470.45 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T T -1549.12 Tm Total Resisting moment -10885.2 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T T Tm -7740.62 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3362.1 Tm
Earth Pressure 516.09 T 2355.31 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 271.13 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 187.84 T Tm -272.37 Tm
Surcharge (LL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm -51.17 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm -840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm -132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T T Tm -65.25 Tm
LL Maximum 78.00 T T Tm -234.00 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Wind (Long) 29.82 T 5.30 T 67.78 Tm Tm
Total 2470.45 650.13 3362.05 -10885.20 Tm
Transverse
bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm
Wind (trans) 21.20 T 271.13 Tm
Total 21.20 T 271.13 Tm
6 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+Wind
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 630.53 T
Check for Pressures for HFL caVertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2057.81 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T T Tm -1353.25 Tm Total Resisting moment -9238.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T T Tm -6496.40 Tm Total Overturning Moment 3200.2 Tm
Earth Pressure T 495.60 T 2191.07 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 289.05 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 174.42 T T Tm -272.37 Tm
Surcharge (LL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm -51.17 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm -840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm -132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T T Tm -65.25 Tm
LL Minimum 9.00 T 0.00 T 0.00 Tm -26.99 Tm
bearing force T 31.79 T 315.88 Tm Tm
Wind (Long) -29.82 T 5.30 T 67.78 Tm Tm
Water Current (Long) 0.37 T 2.39 Tm
Total 2057.81 T 630.01 T 3200.20 Tm -9238.11 Tm

bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm Tm

Water Current (Trans) 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
Wind (trans) 21.20 T 271.13 Tm
25.61 T 289.05 Tm

7 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE Long

Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 1001.42 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 2194.49 T
DL of Abutment 516.37 T T Tm -1549.12 Tm Total Resisting moment -10425.6 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1277.15 T T Tm -7740.62 Tm Total Overturning Moment 5042.4 Tm
Earth Pressure T 840.80 T 3837.20 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 130.01 Tm
Surcharge (LL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm -51.17 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm -840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm -132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T T Tm -65.25 Tm
LL Maximum 15.60 T T Tm -46.8 Tm 0.20
bearing force 20.20 T 200.71
Seismic Force 4.11 T 43.42 T 381.46 Tm Tm 1 ML
Total 2194.49 1001.37 5042.44 -10425.6 Tm

Seismic (trans) 10.61 T 130.01 Tm 0.3MT

bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm
10.61 T 130.01 Tm
8 Abutment + Earth Pressure+DL+LL+BRAKING+BEARING FRICTION +SEISMIC CASE Long+HFL
Load Moment Total Horizontal Load 941.77 T
Check for Pressures for LWL c Vertical T Horiz. T Overturn Tm Resisting Tm Total Vertical load 1911.44 T
DL of Abutment 451.08 T T Tm -1353.25 Tm Total Resisting moment -8948.1 Tm
Soil Dead Load 1071.86 T T Tm -6496.40 Tm Total Overturning Moment 4777.3 Tm
Earth Pressure T 780.71 T 3569.62 Tm Tm Total Trans. Moment 147.93 Tm
Surcharge (LL) 35.29 T 96.95 T 623.08 Tm -51.17 Tm
DL of Superstructure 280.00 T T Tm -840.00 Tm
SIDL 44.23 T T Tm -132.68 Tm
WC 21.75 T T Tm -65.25 Tm
LL Minimum 3.12 T T Tm -9.4 Tm 0.20
bearing force 20.20 T 200.71
Water Current (long) 0.37 T 2.39 Tm Tm
Seismic Force 4.11 T 43.42 T 381.46 Tm Tm 1 ML
Total 1911.44 941.65 4777.26 -8948.11 Tm

Seismic (trans) 10.61 T 130.01 Tm 0.3 MT

Water current (trans) 4.40 T 17.92 Tm
bearing force (trans) 0.00 T 0.00 Tm
15.02 T 147.93 Tm

SUMMARY OF LOADS
Load Case 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Total Horizontal Load 516.1 495.6 644.8 624.7 650.5 630.5 1001.4 941.8
Total Vertical load 544.7 1697.4 2440.6 2087.6 2470.4 2057.8 2194.5 1911.4
Total Resisting moment -9562.1 -8122.0 -10885.2 -9238.1 -10885.2 -9238.1 -10425.6 -8948.1
Total Overturning Moment 2355.3 2191.1 3294.3 3132.4 3362.1 3200.2 5042.4 4777.3
Total Trans. Moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.9 271.1 289.1 130.0 147.9
Design of Abutment Cap
ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM
ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Density Concrete (kn/cu.m) 25

Abutmenfck 35 Mpa Ec 32000 Mpa
Sectional Properties Abt Stem Returnwall Counterfort
Load Case ULS At CF jn at mid At bottomAt CF jn at mid
Condition Design Design Design Design Design Design Normal Seis
LC
Width of Wall, B (mm) 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 500 500
Depth of wall, D (mm) 900 900 900 700 700 700 4386 4386

For ultimate axial load less than-0.1fcdAc shall be designed as bending elements clause-7.6.4.1 IRC-112-2011
Grade of concrete =M 35 MPa
Grade of steel = Fe500

(fck) = 35.00
(fywk) = 500.00 (fywk)/g 434.783 N/mm2
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.80 N/mm2 Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*fyk/γs = 347.83 N/mm2 Clause-10.3.3.2 P-91
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50 MPa Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15 MPa Clause-6.2.2 P-30
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035 Basic Table-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es) = 200000 Basic Clause-6.2.2 P-29
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 32000 Up to fck ≤ 60MpTable-6.5, p-38,IRC-112
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.25 N/mm2
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xEs)}+0.002] 0.0042
= MPa
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) = 0.67 (.67 for cube/0.85 cylinder) Cube Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Factor (l ) = 0.80 page-242
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00 page-242
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 15.63 Clause-6.4.2.8 P-48
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 12.51
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)
Abt Stem Returnwall Counterfort
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT CAP ULS At CF jn at mid At botto At CF jn at mid
Design Design Design Design Design Design Normal Seis

Design Shear = KN 1616 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699

Design Moment = KNm 1127 120 56 136 161 136 4739 7154
Width of beam, B = mm 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 500 500
Depth of beam, D = mm 900 900 900 700 700 700 4386 4386
No of layers = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Dia of Main. Bar = mm 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
cover to reinf. = mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
Dia of Transverse bar = mm 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16
deff provided = 826 826 822 622 622 622 4308 4308
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) = 0.088 0.009 0.004 0.019 0.022 0.019 0.041 0.062

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'

Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = mm 376.50 376.50 374.68 283.46 283.46 283.46 1964.73 1964.73

Force in compression = Force in Tension from Fig. A2-4 - rectangular Tensile Strength
Annexure A-2 P-243
fy*As = hfcd * lx* b = Fav * x*b
gs

As = gs * Fav * x*b
fy
Fav = As * fy
gs * X * b
M = fy*As *(d-lx/2) (M=F*e) =Fav*e= hfcd * l* b *e
gs
= fy*gs * Fav * x*b *(d-bx) Where e (d-lx/2)
gs * fy

= Fav * x*b *(d-bx)

By solving the the equation
bx2 -dx + M/Fav*b = 0
x = d-sqrt(d2-4*b*M/Fav*b)/(2*b)
= d*(1-sqrt(1-4*b*M/Fav*b*d2))/(2*b)
= d*(1-sqrt(1-4*b*kav))/(2*b)

Neutral axis depth (x) = fy*As * gm mm

gs * hfck a * l* b

Steel required, As = gs * Fav * x*b

fy

Minimum Reinft = As,min ss = kc k fct,eff Act Eq.12.1 Eq.12.1 Eq.12.1

ss = 347.83

k (web) = 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.79 0.79 1.00
fct,eff = max of 2.8, fctm = 2.80
Act (web) = 0.224 0.224 0.236 0.236 0.236 0.236 0.079 0.079 0.000
kc (web) = 0.4*(1-sc/(k1.(h/h*).fctef)= 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
As,min = 468 468 493 493 493 493 200 200 0

Xu in mm = mm 75.5 7.8 3.6 11.8 13.9 11.8 178.9 272.5

IS Xu is less then the limiting Xulim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Steel required, As = mm2 3259 336 157 507 601 507 2573 3919
Minimum Reinf.reqd = 0.13% mm2 1755 1755 1755 1365 1365 1365 2851 2851
Dia of bars mm 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
Nos Nos 12 12 12 10 10 10 10 10
Dia of bars mm
Nos Nos
Dia of bars mm
Nos Nos
Spacing of Bars mm 125 125 125 150 150 150 40 40
Reinf provided = mm2 5890 5890 5890 4909 4909 4909 4909 4909
Reinf provided is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Neutral axis depth (x) = mm 137 137 137 114 114 114 114 114
NA is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ult Moment of resistance of section = kNm 1974 1974 1964 1229 1229 1229 8902 8902
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Check for Ultimate Shear Strength at Various Xn. (Vide Cl:10.3 of I.R.C:-112-2011)
MEd
VRd,c Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
VRd,max Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of compression struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Vccd Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression chord
Vtd Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined tensile chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
.
. Abt Stem Returnwall 7 8 Retwall
VEd 1616 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699 0
VNs 1616 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699 0
fck 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35
fyk 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
K 1.492 1.492 1.493 1.567 1.567 1.567 1.215 1.215 #DIV/0!
d m 0.826 0.826 0.822 0.622 0.622 0.622 4.308 4.308 0.000
bw m 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 0.500 0.500 0.000
bwc m 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 0.500 0.500 0.000
Asl mm 2
5890 5890 5890 4909 4909 4909 4909 4909 0
Asc mm2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3
S = (Ay)c m 0.608 0.608 0.608 0.368 0.368 0.368 4.810 4.810 0.000
I m4 0.091 0.091 0.091 0.043 0.043 0.043 3.516 3.516 0.000
scp MPA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
fywd MPA 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78
fcd MPA 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63 15.63
fctd = fctk/gm 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
n 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516
r1 = 0.0048 0.0048 0.0048 0.0053 0.0053 0.0053 0.0023 0.0023 #DIV/0!
q deg 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
.
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d
Cl.10.3.2Cl.10.3.2
VRd,c kN 525.1 525.1 523.9 429.5 429.5 429.5 582.3 582.3 #DIV/0!
VRd,c kN 414.0 414.0 412.4 335.5 335.5 335.5 529.3 529.3 #DIV/0!
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
VRd,c kN 525 525 524 430 430 430 582 582 #DIV/0!
VEd, < 4994 4994 4970 3760 3760 3760 8687 8687 0
VEd, actual kN 1616 131 0 221 208 0 1088 1699 0
 Not Not Not Not Not
Reqd Reqd Reqd #DIV/0!
Shear Reinforcement is . Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd
.
.
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max kN 4495 4495 4473 3384 3384 3384 7819 7819
rmin = . 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009
Asw min = mm2 192 192 192 192 192 192 64 64
n1 = 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52
Asw max = 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
Asw max = mm2 2087 2087 2087 2087 2087 2087 696 696
Asw required = mm 2
750 61 0 136 128 0 95 151
s = spacing of stirrups mm 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
diameter of stirrup mm 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
diameter of stirrup mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
No. of Links Nos 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Asw provided mm2 804 402 402 402 402 402 402 402
Shear reinft provided Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
VRd,s kN 1732 866 862 652 652 652 4619 4519
OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (a)) a is angle of stirrups
DFtd 808.0 65.5 0.0 110.5 104.1 0.0 543.8 849.4
(Med - MR)/ z = 1140 2496 2581 1955 1910 1955 1074 451
Additional Steel reqd = 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1145.6
13.0 WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER IRC: 6- 2010 CL.209
Basic Wind Speed as per IS:875-Part 3 39 m/s
Avg Ht of the deck above BL 4.253 m (ht of superstr+1m Crash barrier)
Pressure as per table 0.464 kN/sqm
Design Pressure Pz= 0.548 kN/sqm

Force on Superstructure
Force in Transverse direction = Pz X A1 X G X Cd
G = gust factor = 2
Cd = drag coeff = 1.1 for Slab bridges with b/d>10
1.5 for Box/single beam b/d 2
1.3 for Box/single beam b/d> 6
2.25 for 2 or more Box/ beam b/d 2
1.95 for 2 or more Box/ beam b/d > 6
2.2 for single plate girder
2(1+c/20/d) for multiple plate girders

(superstr ht + crash barrier ht)

A1 = 3.35 m X 29.00 m = 97.15 sqm
Ft = 0.548 X 97.15 X 2 X 1.95
207.8 kN
Ft acts at 11.35 m from Stem base
Ft acts at 12.85 m from Foundation Base

Force in long dirn = 25% of F transverse = 51.9 kN

Force in Vertical (+/-) Fv = Pz X A3 X G X CL

CL = lift coeff = 0.75 for Slab/ box/ I girders and plate girders
A3 = 29.00 m X 12.50 m = 362.5 sqm
Fv = 0.548 x 362.5 X 2 X 0.75
Fv = 298.17 kN

Force on Live Load

Force in Transverse direction = Pz X A1 X G X Cd
A1 = 2.00 m X 29.00 m = 58 sqm
Ft = 0.548 X 0 X 2 X 1.2
0.0 kN
Ft acts at 14.03 m from Abutment base
Ft acts at 15.53 m from Foundation Base
Force in long dirn = 25% of F transverse = 0.0 kN

Force on Abutment Cap

Width of Abutment Cap 1.50 m (b) t/b = 8.33
Height of Abutment Cap 0.90 m (h) h/b = 0.60
Length of Abutment Cap 12.50 m (t)
1.1
Force in Transverse direction = Pz X A1 X G X Cd
A1 = 1.50 m X 0.90 m = 1.35 sqm
Ft = 0.548 X 1.35 X 2 X 1.1
1.6 kN
Ft acts at 7.99 m from Stem base
Ft acts at 9.49 m from Foundation Base
Force in long dirn = 25% of F transverse = 0.4 kN
Force on Abutment
Width of Abutment 0.40 m (b) t/b = 31.25
Height of Abutment 7.54 m (h) h/b = 18.85
Length of Abutment 12.50 m (t)
Cd taken for h/b=4 0.8
Force in Transverse direction = Pz X A1 X G X Cd
A1 = 0.40 m X 7.54 m = 3.015 sqm
Ft = 0.548 X 3.015 X 2 X 0.8
2.6 kN
Ft acts at 8.71 m from pier base
Ft acts at 9.61 m from Foundation Base
Force in long dirn = 25% of F transverse = 0.7 kN

Summary of Wind Load

Wind on superstr FT FL
Wind force Vertical 29.8 T
Wind force Horizontal 20.8 5.2 T
Moment at base of Abutment 11.35 235.9 59.0 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 12.85 267.0 66.8 Tm
Wind on Abutment Cap FT FL
Wind force Horizontal m 0.2 0.0 T
Moment at base of Abutment 7.99 1.3 0.3 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 9.49 1.5 0.4 Tm
Wind on Abutment FT FL
Wind force Horizontal m 0.3 0.1 T
Moment at base of Abutment 8.71 2.3 0.6 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 9.61 2.5 0.6 Tm
Total wind load on DL only FT FL
Wind force Horizontal 21.2 5.3 T
Moment at base of Abutment 239.5 59.9 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 271.1 67.8 Tm
Wind on LL FT FL
Wind force Horizontal m 0.0 0.0
Moment at base of Abutment 14.03 0.0 0.0 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 15.53 0.0 0.0 Tm
 15.0 Scour Depth Check

1 Design Discharge 195.00 cumec

2 Calculation of Waterway cum check for Afflux

Design discharge Q = 195.00 cumec
Velocity of river V = 1.12 m/s
Area of section at Bridge A = 331.12 m²
Observed HFL = 295.50 m
Sill level = 41.52 m
Depth of water d = 253.98 m
Width of Pier = 0.90 m
Average Height of Pier = 255.18 m
Available waterway A1 2 21 253.98 = ### m²
As per IRC:89 1997 :(Molesworth formula)
Afflux H [(v²/17.88)+.0015]*[(A/A1)²-1] = -0.085 m
Velocity of approach=average velocity (Va=V.d/(d+H)) = 1.12 m/s
Head due to velocity of approach (Hva=Va /2g)2
= 0.03 m
Total Afflux (Ht=H+Hva) = -0.05 m
Calculated HFL = 295.45
Velocity through vent (Vv=(2gHt) )0.5
= #NUM! m/s
Linear waterway required (LWW=Q/(0.9*Vv*d)) = #NUM! m
Taking 2 Span of 29.00 Pier widt 0.90
Adopting linear waterway(L) 44.27 m is overall length, however, c 57.10 m

3 Mean depth of scour

Design Discharge per unit width (Db=1.0Q/LW W) = 3.42 cumec
Silt factor (Ksf) = 0.999
Mean depth of scour (Dsm=1.34*((Db^2/Ksf)1/3)) = 3.04 m

4 Scour depth and founding level calculations

With bed protection
HFL = 295.50
Maximum scour depth, (Dm=1.27xDsm) = 3.86
Scour level (HFL-Dm) = 291.64

Top of Pile Cap = = 291.647 m

Bottom of Pile cap = 290.147 m
Scour Level = 291.64 m

Free standing length of pile = -1.49 m OR Say = -1.49 m

Pile Length considered = 22.00 m
Hence, length of pile embedded in soil below scour leve 23.49 m
Depth of fixity of pile = L1+Lf = #REF! m. So the pile is sufficiently anchored to the soil.
15.0 CALCULATION OF HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFF.
As per revisions in Cl 219 IRC 6:2014; the bridges do not have to be checked for seismic effects if:
a. span < 15m
b. Length of bridge is <60 m

Feq = Ah x (DL+LL)
Ah= (z/2) x (Sa/g) / (R/I)
Z= Zone factor as per table 6
Sa/g = Avg response accleration coeff depending on T
R= Response reduction factor = 2.5
I= Importance factor: 1, 1.2 or 1.5
T= Fundamental period in Sec. For this E is taken asIRC:112 and uncracked MI
T= 2 x sqrt ( D/1000F)
D= DL + LL on pier in KN
F= Force in KN at CG of superstr for 1mm of deflection at top of pier.

Sa/g = 2.5 for small bridges.

Abutment
Zone 3 (2,3,4,5) Table 7 - IRC:6-2014
Z factor 0.16 Zone Z
R factor 3 for short plate piers/ abutments 2 0.10
Importance 1.2 for Bridge 3 0.16
width 12.50 m 4 0.24
Depth 0.40 m 5 0.36
Height 8.4 m
Ht of CG of superstr from Abut cap top. 1.410 m (e)
Soil H (Hard/Medium/Soft)
DL superstructure on Abut 939.75 KN
Abut cap load 421.88 KN
LL appropriate on Abut 780.00 KN
Grade of concrete in Abut M 35
Moment of Elasticity of Concrete 30000 Mpa. Rectangular
Moment of Inertia of Abut (long dir 0.050 m4
Moment of Inertia of Abut (tran dir 48.828 m4
.
Deflection = P*L^3/(3*E*I)+M*L^2/(2*E*I)
D= P*L^3/(3*E*I)+(P*e)*L^2/(2*E*I)
P (I) = 0.001 x 6 x 30000000 x 0.050
( 2 x 8.44 3
+ 1.41 x 8.44 2
)
P (lo) = 6.91 KN
P (tr) = 0.001 x 6 x 30000000 x 48.828
( 2 x 8.44 3
+ 1.41 x 8.44 2
)
P (tr) = 6751 KN

T (lo) = 1.11 s
T (tr) = 0.04 s
Superstructure is RCC RCC/ PSC / Steel factor = 1

Sa/g (lo) = 0.90

Sa/g (tr) = 2.50

Ah (lo) = 0.029
Ah (tr) = 0.080
However consider a factor of 0.075 (max factor for zone 2) as min.
However consider a factor of 0.075 (max factor for zone 2) as min.
16.0 Crack Width Check for Abutment Stem

Concrete Grade fck = 35.00

Concrete Modulus Ec = 32000.0 N/mm2
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 KN/mm2
Service Stage Moment = #REF! Tm
Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.3 mm
Section depth d = 400 mm
Section width bt = 1000 mm
Minimum cover cmin = 50 mm
Bar spacing s = 40 mm
Bar diameter f = 12 mm
Effective depth h = 344.001 mm
Area of steel As = 1131 mm2

Serviceability Limit State(SLS)

Stress Level

Moment of Inertia of
cracked section = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
Icr = 1559194729 mm4
Stresses are calculated for Maximum bending moment
in concrete ( σcc) =
#REF! < 15.63 MPa #REF!

stress in steel ( σsc) = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr

#REF! < 347.83 MPa #REF!
Crack width
Maximum crack width
where spacing of
bonded
reinforcement with
in the tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
<= 5*(50+12/2)
<= 280 mm

Case 1: Spacing of bonded

reinforcement with in the
tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
0.00 <= 280

bond propoerties k1 = 0.8 for deformed bars

k2 = 0.5 for bending
.
Maximum crack spacing Sr,max (3.4c)+(0.425k1k2ф)/ρp.eff Eqn 12.8

= 321 mm
 Ac,eff is the effective area of concrete in tension surrounding the reinforcement, of depth
hc,eff, where hceff is lesser of 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3 or h/2.
hc,eff 140 mm or 83.5 mm or 200.0005 mm
Therefore hc,eff 83.467603 mm
Ac,eff = 83467.603 mm2

rr .eff = As/Ac.eff
=
= 0.01355

Case2 :the spacing of bonded reinforcement

or
No bonded reinforcement with in the tension zone > 5*(C+ф/2)
Actual Spacing = 0.00 < 280 mm

Maximum crack spacing Sr,max = 1.3 (d-XU)

= 5414.06 mm Not Applicable

Maximum of maximum cracking

spacing Sr,max = 321.11 mm

Factor dependent on the duration of the load (kt)

= 0.5

(e sm-ecm) = (ssc - kt fct.eff/rr.eff (1+aerr.eff))/Es >=0.6 ssc / Es

=
= #REF! - 0.50 2.80 x 1.08
0.01355
= #REF! 200000
#REF!

>= #REF! >=0.6 σsc / Es

(esm-ecm) = #REF!

Wk = Sr,max (esm-ecm)

= #REF! mm < 0.3 Moderate

#REF! (As per Table 12.1 of IRC-112)
#REF!
17.0 Crack Width Check for Pile cap

Concrete Grade fck = 35.00

Concrete Modulus Ec = 32000.0 N/mm2
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 KN/mm2
Service Stage Moment = #REF! Tm
Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.3 mm
Section depth d = #REF! mm
Section width bt = #REF! mm
Minimum cover cmin = 50 mm
Bar spacing s = #REF! mm
Bar diameter f = #REF! mm
Effective depth h = #REF! mm
Area of steel As = #REF! mm2

Serviceability Limit State(SLS)

Stress Level

Moment of Inertia of
cracked section = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
Icr = #REF! mm4
Stresses are calculated for Maximum bending moment
in concrete ( σcc) =
#REF! < 15.63 MPa #REF!

stress in steel ( σsc) = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr

#REF! < 347.83 MPa #REF!
Crack width
Maximum crack width
where spacing of
bonded
reinforcement with
in the tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
<= #REF!
<= #REF! mm

Case 1: Spacing of bonded

reinforcement with in the
tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
0.00 <= #REF!

bond propoerties k1 = 0.8 for deformed bars

k2 = 0.5 for bending
.
Maximum crack spacing Sr,max (3.4c)+(0.425k1k2ф)/ρp.eff Eqn 12.8

= #REF! mm

Ac,eff is the effective area of concrete in tension surrounding the reinforcement, of depth
hc,eff, where hceff is lesser of 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3 or h/2.
hc,eff #REF! mm or #REF! mm or #REF! mm
Therefore hc,eff #REF! mm
Ac,eff = #REF! mm2
 r r .eff = As/Ac.eff
=
= #REF!

Case2 :the spacing of bonded reinforcement

or
No bonded reinforcement with in the tension zone > 5*(C+ф/2)
Actual Spacing = 0.00 #REF! #REF! mm

Maximum crack spacing Sr,max = 1.3 (d-XU)

= #REF! mm #REF!

Maximum of maximum cracking

spacing Sr,max = #REF! mm

Factor dependent on the duration of the load (k t)

= 0.5

(e sm-ecm) = (s sc
- kt fct.eff/rr.eff (1+a err.eff))/Es >=0.6 ssc / Es
=
= #REF! - 0.50 #REF! x #REF!
#REF!
= #REF! 200000
#REF!

>= #REF! >=0.6 σsc / Es

(esm-ecm) = #REF!

Wk = Sr,max (esm-ecm)

= #REF! mm < 0.3 Moderate

#REF! (As per Table 12.1 of IRC-112)
#REF!
18.0 Live Load Calculation
One Span Loaded Case
Span length 28.0 m
class A class A
11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8 11.4 11.4 2.7 2.7

-0.5 0.7 4.3 3 1.2 3.2 1.1

a b a b
Total load 36.4 load length 7.5 Total load 28.2 load length 5.5
Rb = 91 / 28 = 3.24 T Rb = 40 / 28 = 1.44 T
Ra = 33.2 T Ra = 26.8 T
class 70R
17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 12

-0.5 0.87 3.05 1.37 2.13

a b
Total load 80 load length 7.4
Rb = 252 / 28 = 9T
Ra = 71.0 T
 Bridge

Crack Width Checks

FOR ABUTMENT STEM
Grade of concrete Fck = #REF! N/mm2
Concrete Modulus Ec = #REF! kN/mm2 Cl.5.2.2.1 of CBC
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 kN/mm 2

Service Stage Moment = Err:504 Tm/m

Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.2 mm
Section depth h = #REF! mm
Section width bt = 1000 mm
Minimum cover cmin = 50 mm
Bar spacing s = #REF! mm
Bar diameter f = #REF! mm
Effective depth d = #REF! mm
Area of steel As = #REF! mm2

pt = #REF!
p = #REF!
Modular ratio m= #REF!
xu = kd =
k= sqrt(p.2.m+(p.m)^2)-= #REF!

xu = kd = = #REF! mm
Cracked MI of section Icr = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
= #REF! mm4
Tensile stress in steel = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr
fst = #REF! N/mm2
acr = #REF! mm
ε1= ea = ((h-xu)/(d-xu))*(fst/Es)
ea = #REF!
es= eb = (ea*(d-xu)/(h-xu)
eb = #REF!
em = ea-(1.2bt*h(h-xu))10e-3/(As*(h-xu)fy)
= #REF!
Wcr = (3*acr*em)/(1+2*(acr-cmin)/(h-xu))
= #REF! mm
#REF!
The provided reinft (min. reinft) is more than required for the moment. Hence, there is no tension at all.

For TOE
Concrete Modulus Ec = #REF! kN/mm2
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 kN/mm2
Service Stage Moment = Err:504 Tm
Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.2 mm
Section depth h = #REF! mm
Section width bt = #REF! mm
Minimum cover cmin = 75 mm

Design of Abutment 132 CITC

 Bridge

Bar spacing s = #REF! mm

Bar diameter f = #REF! mm
Effective depth d = #REF! mm
Area of steel As = #REF! mm2

pt = #REF!
p = #REF!
Modular ratio m= #REF!
xu = kd =
k= sqrt(p.2.m+(p.m)^2)-= #REF!

xu = kd = = #REF! mm
Cracked MI of section Icr = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
= #REF! mm4
Tensile stress in steel = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr
fst = #REF! N/mm2
acr = #REF! mm
ε1= ea = ((h-xu)/(d-xu))*(fst/Es)
ea = #REF!
es= eb = (ea*(d-xu)/(h-xu)
eb = #REF!
em = ea-(1.2bt*h(h-xu))10e-3/(As*(h-xu)fy)
= #REF!
Wcr = (3*acr*em)/(1+2*(acr-cmin)/(h-xu))
= #REF! mm
#REF!
The provided reinft (min. reinft) is more than required for the moment. Hence, there is no tension at all.

FOR HEEL
Concrete Modulus Ec = #REF! kN/mm2
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 kN/mm2
Service Stage Moment = Err:504 Tm
Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.2 mm
Section depth h = #REF! mm
Section width bt = #REF! mm
Minimum cover cmin = 75 mm
Bar spacing s = #REF! mm
Bar diameter f = #REF! mm
Effective depth d = #REF! mm
Area of steel As = #REF! mm2

pt = #REF!
p = #REF!
Modular ratio m= #REF!

Design of Abutment 133 CITC

 Bridge

xu = kd =
k= sqrt(p.2.m+(p.m)^2)-= #REF!

xu = kd = = #REF! mm
Cracked MI of section Icr = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
= #REF! mm4
Tensile stress in steel = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr
fst = #REF! N/mm2
acr = #REF! mm
ε1= ea = ((h-xu)/(d-xu))*(fst/Es)
ea = #REF!
es= eb = (ea*(d-xu)/(h-xu)
eb = #REF!
em = ea-(1.2bt*h(h-xu))10e-3/(As*(h-xu)fy)
= #REF!
Wcr = (3*acr*em)/(1+2*(acr-cmin)/(h-xu))
= #REF! mm
#REF!
The provided reinft (min. reinft) is more than required for the moment. Hence, there is no tension at all.

Design of Abutment 134 CITC

23.0 Pile capacity
(IS :2911 (Part I sec 2)-2010 Case 1: Pile in Soil (cohesive + cohesionless)
Qf = As*Rf + Ap*Rp (eqn B-1 (1) & B-2 (2)
diameter 1.2 m
length 16.00 m GWT is at 1.5 m below GL
Asurface 60.3 m2
Apile 1.13 m2
Rf = avg skin friction = K*PD*tand*As+a*C*As
Rp = toe resistance = Ap*(0.5*D*g*Ng+PD*Nq)+Ap(Nc*Cp)

D= Dia of pile = 1.2 m

Ap= Area of pile c/s = 1.13 m2
Perimeter of pile = 3.77 m
g unit wt. Of soil on toe= 0.9 T/m3 (for submerged condition - taken conservatively)
Cp= Avg. cohesion at toe = 0.00 T/m 2

P D= Eff overburden at toe= 18.9 T/m2 (Maximum for submerged case)

(For f <30, 15* pile dia; f> 40 20*dia) Note 5 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
f= Angle of friction of soil= 26.00 o
K= Coeff of earth Pressure 1.50 Note 3 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
a= adhesion factor 1.00 from Fig 2 for cu < 4 T/sqm a = 1
FOS Factor of safety 2.50 Cl.B-5 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
d = Angle of friction of soil and pile= f Note 4 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010

Bearing capacity factors from IS 6403: 1981 at tip of pile

Nc= 9.000 Eqn 2 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
Nq= 12.208
Ng= 13.184 Rp = toe resistance = 269.00 Tons
Calculation of Skin Friction
g (eff
K*PD*tan
submerge Rf with
Layer No. Layer Thick. (m) C (T/sqm) f d) Avg. PD a K d*As a*C*As Rf liner
. 1.8 (pile cap) 1.79 1.61 1
1 1.20 2.00 14.00 1.79 4.29 1.00 1.50 4.78 9.05 13.83 6.91
2 3.00 2.50 11.00 1.00 6.86 1.00 1.50 14.97 28.27 43.24 21.62
3 3.00 2.50 12.00 1.00 6.86 1.00 1.50 16.35 28.27 44.63 22.31
4 3.00 0.40 26.00 1.00 9.86 1.00 1.50 52.20 4.52 56.72 56.72
5 3.00 0.60 23.00 1.00 12.86 1.00 1.50 59.80 6.79 66.58 66.58
6 2.80 0.60 25.00 1.00 15.76 1.00 1.50 74.68 6.33 81.02 81.02
16.00 total length of pile 306.02 255.17

Qf = Bearing 269.00 + Friction 306.02 Tons

Qf = 575.02 Tons
FOS 2.50
safe capacity of pile 230.0 Tons

DETERMINATION OF FIXITY DEPTH AS PER IS 2911

For a fixed head pile under medium sand and L1= -1.49 m => L1/T = -0.3164528
Lf/ T = 2.15
Lf = Depth of fixity = 2.15* T
T = E*I (5th root)
5 K1
E= Modulus of elasticity =5000* sqrt(fck)
32000.0 MN/m2 for M 35
I= Moment of inertia of pile
=pi()/64*D^4 0.1018 m4
ηh = for loose sand submerged 1.400 MN/m3 (As per IS:2911 (part 1/sec 2)
K2 = #REF! (As per soil report for loose sand)
T= 4.713 m
Lateral Capacity of Pile
For Free head pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)^3 / (3E.I)
For Fixed head pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)^3 / (12E.I)
Consider a deflection Y = 5.00 mm
Q fixed head = 0.01 0.102 x 32000 x 12
( 10.13 + 0 ) ^3
Q fixed head = 0.19 MN
Q safe = 18.78 T 40% of load at deflection of 5mm
Node L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm Node
9 3 -0.225 25.183 -26.019 0.584 30.44 0.108 1
10 3 -4.81 25.003 -22.234 0.868 28.798 0.17 2
8 3 2.986 24.695 -29.354 0.191 31.217 0.069 3
11 3 -12.101 23.95 -18.228 1.206 26.429 0.3 4
7 3 5.404 23.658 -31.703 -0.353 30.783 0.041 5
6 3 7.32 22.089 -32.395 -1.038 28.776 0.018 6
5 3 8.89 19.97 -30.696 -1.797 24.942 -0.003 7
12 3 -27.73 19.454 -10.923 2.172 23.041 0.826 8
4 3 10.134 17.262 -25.94 -2.478 19.306 -0.026 9
13 3 -31.029 13.887 -0.668 2.406 11.096 -1.355 10
3 3 10.862 13.815 -17.926 -2.777 12.464 -0.062 11
2 3 9.858 9.679 -8.383 -2.21 5.778 -0.179 12
1 3 4.536 7.326 -2.405 -1.622 1.569 0.196 13

Node L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm

1 3 4.536 7.326 -2.405 -1.622 1.569 0.196
2 3 9.858 9.679 -8.383 -2.21 5.778 -0.179
3 3 10.862 13.815 -17.926 -2.777 12.464 -0.062
4 3 10.134 17.262 -25.94 -2.478 19.306 -0.026
5 3 8.89 19.97 -30.696 -1.797 24.942 -0.003
6 3 7.32 22.089 -32.395 -1.038 28.776 0.018
7 3 5.404 23.658 -31.703 -0.353 30.783 0.041
8 3 2.986 24.695 -29.354 0.191 31.217 0.069
9 3 -0.225 25.183 -26.019 0.584 30.44 0.108
10 3 -4.81 25.003 -22.234 0.868 28.798 0.17
11 3 -12.101 23.95 -18.228 1.206 26.429 0.3
12 3 -27.73 19.454 -10.923 2.172 23.041 0.826
13 3 -31.029 13.887 -0.668 2.406 11.096 -1.355

Node L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm

1 3 4.536 7.326 2.405 -1.622 1.569 0.196
2 3 9.858 9.679 8.383 -2.21 5.778 -0.179
3 3 10.862 13.815 17.926 -2.777 12.464 -0.062
4 3 10.134 17.262 25.94 -2.478 19.306 -0.026
5 3 8.89 19.97 30.696 -1.797 24.942 -0.003
6 3 7.32 22.089 32.395 -1.038 28.776 0.018
7 3 5.404 23.658 31.703 -0.353 30.783 0.041
8 3 2.986 24.695 29.354 0.191 31.217 0.069
9 3 0.225 25.183 26.019 0.584 30.44 0.108
10 3 4.81 25.003 22.234 0.868 28.798 0.17
11 3 12.101 23.95 18.228 1.206 26.429 0.3
12 3 27.73 19.454 10.923 2.172 23.041 0.826
13 3 31.029 13.887 0.668 2.406 11.096 -1.355

135.885 245.971 256.874

15.935 95.625 119.471

L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm
3 4.536 7.326 -2.405 -1.622 1.569 0.196
3 9.858 9.679 -8.383 -2.21 5.778 -0.179
3 10.862 13.815 -17.926 -2.777 12.464 -0.062
3 10.134 17.262 -25.94 -2.478 19.306 -0.026
3 8.89 19.97 -30.696 -1.797 24.942 -0.003
3 7.32 22.089 -32.395 -1.038 28.776 0.018
3 5.404 23.658 -31.703 -0.353 30.783 0.041
3 2.986 24.695 -29.354 0.191 31.217 0.069
3 -0.225 25.183 -26.019 0.584 30.44 0.108
3 -4.81 25.003 -22.234 0.868 28.798 0.17
3 -12.101 23.95 -18.228 1.206 26.429 0.3
3 -27.73 19.454 -10.923 2.172 23.041 0.826
3 -31.029 13.887 -0.668 2.406 11.096 -1.355
Node L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm
1 3 5.234 8.453 -2.934 -1.885 1.834 0.226
2 3 11.374 11.168 -9.091 -2.498 6.279 -0.206
3 3 12.533 15.94 -18.216 -3.097 12.863 -0.071
4 3 11.693 19.918 -25.812 -2.8 19.49 -0.03
5 3 10.258 23.042 -30.378 -2.066 24.981 -0.004
6 3 8.447 25.487 -32.042 -1.223 28.749 0.02
7 3 6.236 27.298 -31.4 -0.448 30.745 0.047
8 3 3.446 28.495 -29.132 0.181 31.197 0.08
9 3 -0.259 29.057 -25.87 0.647 30.444 0.125
10 3 -5.55 28.85 -22.106 0.994 28.813 0.196
11 3 -13.963 27.635 -18.001 1.389 26.441 0.346
12 3 -31.996 22.447 -10.96 2.296 23.209 0.953
13 3 -35.803 16.023 -1.255 2.545 11.416 -1.564

Node L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm

1 3 5.234 8.453 -2.934 -1.885 1.834 0.226
2 3 11.374 11.168 -9.091 -2.498 6.279 -0.206
3 3 12.533 15.94 -18.216 -3.097 12.863 -0.071
4 3 11.693 19.918 -25.812 -2.8 19.49 -0.03
5 3 10.258 23.042 -30.378 -2.066 24.981 -0.004
6 3 8.447 25.487 -32.042 -1.223 28.749 0.02
7 3 6.236 27.298 -31.4 -0.448 30.745 0.047
8 3 3.446 28.495 -29.132 0.181 31.197 0.08
9 3 -0.259 29.057 -25.87 0.647 30.444 0.125
10 3 -5.55 28.85 -22.106 0.994 28.813 0.196
11 3 -13.963 27.635 -18.001 1.389 26.441 0.346
12 3 -31.996 22.447 -10.96 2.296 23.209 0.953
13 3 -35.803 16.023 -1.255 2.545 11.416 -1.564

Node L/C Force-X kNForce-Y kNForce-Z kNMoment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z kNm

1 3 5.234 8.453 2.934 -1.885 1.834 0.226
2 3 11.374 11.168 9.091 -2.498 6.279 -0.206
3 3 12.533 15.94 18.216 -3.097 12.863 -0.071
4 3 11.693 19.918 25.812 -2.8 19.49 -0.03
5 3 10.258 23.042 30.378 -2.066 24.981 -0.004
6 3 8.447 25.487 32.042 -1.223 28.749 0.02
7 3 6.236 27.298 31.4 -0.448 30.745 0.047
8 3 3.446 28.495 29.132 0.181 31.197 0.08
9 3 0.259 29.057 25.87 0.647 30.444 0.125
10 3 5.55 28.85 22.106 0.994 28.813 0.196
11 3 13.963 27.635 18.001 1.389 26.441 0.346
12 3 31.996 22.447 10.96 2.296 23.209 0.953
13 3 35.803 16.023 1.255 2.545 11.416 -1.564

18.388 110.337 118.444

1.8388 11.0337 11.8444

108.508
23.0 Pile capacity and Soil Report
(IS :2911 (Part I sec 2)-2010 Case 1: Pile in Soil (cohesive + cohesionless)
Qf = As*Rf + Ap*Rp (eqn B-1 (1) & B-2 (2)
diameter 1 m
length 22.00 m GWT is at 1.5 m below GL
Asurface 69.1 m2

Apile 0.79 m2
Rf = avg skin friction = K*PD*tand*As+a*C*As
Rp = toe resistance = Ap*(0.5*D*g*Ng+PD*Nq)+Ap(Nc*Cp)

D= Dia of pile = 1m
Ap= Area of pile c/s = 0.79 m2
Perimeter of pile = 3.14 m
g unit wt. Of soil on toe= 0.9 T/m3 (for submerged condition - taken conservatively)
Cp= Avg. cohesion at toe = 3.00 T/m 2

P D= Eff overburden at toe= 16.2 T/m2 (Maximum for submerged case)

(For f <30, 15* pile dia; f> 40 20*dia) Note 5 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
f= Angle of friction of soil= 10.00 o
K= Coeff of earth Pressure 1.50 Note 3 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
a= adhesion factor 1.00 from Fig 2 for cu < 4 T/sqm a = 1
FOS Factor of safety 2.50 Cl.B-5 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
d = Angle of friction of soil and pile= f Note 4 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010

Bearing capacity factors from IS 6403: 1981 at tip of pile

Nc= 9.000 Eqn 2 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
Nq= 2.470
Ng= 1.220 Rp = toe resistance = 53.06 Tons
Calculation of Skin Friction
g (eff
K*PD*tan
submerge
Layer No. Layer Thick. (m) C (T/sqm) f d) Avg. PD a K d*As a*C*As Rf
. 1.8 (pile cap) 1.91 1.72 1
1 1.20 2.50 12.00 1.91 4.59 1.00 1.50 3.65 9.42 13.08
2 3.00 2.50 12.00 1.91 8.61 1.00 1.50 17.11 23.56 40.67
3 3.00 3.25 8.00 1.00 7.24 1.00 1.50 9.56 30.63 40.19
4 3.00 4.00 6.00 1.00 10.24 1.00 1.50 10.12 37.70 47.82
5 3.00 3.25 8.00 1.00 15.98 1.00 1.50 21.10 30.63 51.73
6 3.00 3.50 7.00 1.00 16.20 1.00 1.50 18.69 32.99 51.68
7 3.00 3.25 9.00 1.00 16.20 1.00 1.50 24.07 30.63 54.70
8 2.80 3.00 10.00 1.00 16.20 1.00 1.50 24.98 26.39 51.37
22.00 total length of pile 351.25

Qf = Bearing 53.06 + Friction 351.25 Tons

Qf = 404.31 Tons
FOS 2.50
safe capacity of pile 161.7 Tons

DETERMINATION OF FIXITY DEPTH AS PER IS 2911

For a fixed head pile under medium sand and L1= -1.49 m => L1/T = -0.3661458
Lf/ T = 2.15
Lf = Depth of fixity = 2.15* T
T = E*I (5th root)
5 K1
E= Modulus of elasticity =5000* sqrt(fck)
32000.0 MN/m2 for M 35
I= Moment of inertia of pile
=pi()/64*D^4 0.0491 m4
ηh = for loose sand submerged 1.400 MN/m3 (As per IS:2911 (part 1/sec 2)
K2 = 30.45 (As per soil report for loose sand)
T= 4.074 m
Lf = 8.8 m
Le=Lf+L1 7.27 m
Lateral Capacity of Pile
For Free head pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)^3 / (3E.I)
For Fixed head pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)^3 / (12E.I)
Consider a deflection Y = 12.00 mm
Q fixed head = 0.01 0.049 x 32000 x 12
( 7.27 + 0.00 ) ^3
Q fixed head = 0.59 MN
Q safe = 58.94 T
Qsafe seismic 73.67 T
 15.0 Scour Depth Check

1 Design Discharge 195.00 cumec =1.3*164 Cumecs

2 Calculation of Waterway cum check for Afflux

Design discharge Q = 195.00 cumec
Velocity of river V = 1.12 m/s
Area of section at Bridge A = 331.12 m²
Observed HFL = 295.50 m
Sill level = 36.85 m
Taking 2 Span of 29.00 Pier widt 0.90
Adopting linear waterway(L) 44.27 m is overall length, however, c 57.10 m

3 Mean depth of scour

Design Discharge per unit width (Db=1.0Q/LW W) = 3.42 cumec
Silt factor (Ksf) = 0.999
Mean depth of scour (Dsm=1.34*((Db^2/Ksf)1/3)) = 3.04 m

4 Scour depth and founding level calculations

With bed protection
HFL = 295.50
Maximum scour depth, (Dm=1.27xDsm) = 3.86
Scour level (HFL-Dm) = 291.64

Top of Pile Cap = = 291.647 m

Bottom of Pile cap = 290.147 m
Scour Level = 291.64 m

Free standing length of pile = -1.49 m OR Say = -1.49 m

Pile Length considered = 22.00 m
Hence, length of pile embedded in soil below scour level = 23.49 m
Depth of fixity of pile = L1+Lf = 9.16 m.
So the pile is sufficiently anchored to the soil.
22.0 Pile capacity
(IS :2911 (Part I sec 2)-2010 Case 1: Pile in Soil (cohesive + cohesionless)
Qf = As*Rf + Ap*Rp (eqn B-1 (1) & B-2 (2)
diameter 1 m
length 22.00 m GWT is at 1.5 m below GL
Asurface 69.1 m2
Apile 0.79 m2
Rf = avg skin friction = K*PD*tand*As+a*C*As
Rp = toe resistance = Ap*(0.5*D*g*Ng+PD*Nq)+Ap(Nc*Cp)

D= Dia of pile = 1m
Ap= Area of pile c/s = 0.79 m2
Perimeter of pile = 3.14 m
g unit wt. Of soil on toe= 0.9 T/m3 (for submerged condition - taken conservatively)
Cp= Avg. cohesion at toe = 3.00 T/m 2

P D= Eff overburden at toe= 16.2 T/m2 (Maximum for submerged case)

(For f <30, 15* pile dia; f> 40 20*dia) Note 5 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
f= Angle of friction of soil= 10.00 o
K= Coeff of earth Pressure 1.50 Note 3 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
a= adhesion factor 1.00 from Fig 2 for cu < 4 T/sqm a = 1
FOS Factor of safety 2.50 Cl.B-5 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
d = Angle of friction of soil and pile= f Note 4 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010

Bearing capacity factors from IS 6403: 1981 at tip of pile

Nc= 9.000 Eqn 2 of Annexure B of IS:2911(part 1- sec 2)-2010
Nq= 2.470
Ng= 1.220 Rp = toe resistance = 53.06 Tons
Calculation of Skin Friction
g (eff
K*PD*tan
submerge
Layer No. Layer Thick. (m) C (T/sqm) f d) Avg. PD a K d*As a*C*As Rf
. 1.8 (pile cap) 1.91 1.72 1
1 1.20 2.50 12.00 1.91 4.59 1.00 1.50 3.65 9.42 13.08
2 3.00 2.50 12.00 1.91 8.61 1.00 1.50 17.11 23.56 40.67
3 3.00 3.25 8.00 1.00 7.24 1.00 1.50 9.56 30.63 40.19
4 3.00 4.00 6.00 1.00 10.24 1.00 1.50 10.12 37.70 47.82
5 3.00 3.25 8.00 1.00 15.98 1.00 1.50 21.10 30.63 51.73
6 3.00 3.50 7.00 1.00 16.20 1.00 1.50 18.69 32.99 51.68
7 3.00 3.25 9.00 1.00 16.20 1.00 1.50 24.07 30.63 54.70
8 2.80 3.00 10.00 1.00 16.20 1.00 1.50 24.98 26.39 51.37
22.00 total length of pile 351.25

Qf = Bearing 53.06 + Friction 351.25 Tons

Qf = 404.31 Tons
FOS 2.50
safe capacity of pile 161.7 Tons

DETERMINATION OF FIXITY DEPTH AS PER IS 2911

For a fixed head pile under medium sand and L1= -1.49 m => L1/T = -0.3926653
Lf/ T = 2.10
Lf = Depth of fixity = 2.1* T
T = E*I (5th root)
5 K1
E= Modulus of elasticity =5000* sqrt(fck)
32000.0 MN/m2 for M 35
I= Moment of inertia of pile
=pi()/64*D^4 0.0491 m4
ηh = for medium sand submerge(N10-35 2.000 MN/m3 (As per IS:2911 (part 1/sec 2)
(As per soil report for loose sand)
T= 3.793 m
Lf = 7.97 m
Le=Lf+L1 6.48 m
Lateral Capacity of Pile
For Free head pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)^3 / (3E.I)
For Fixed head pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)^3 / (12E.I)
Consider a deflection Y = 12.00 mm
Q fixed head = 0.01 0.049 x 32000 x 12
( 6.48 + 0 ) ^3
Q fixed head = 0.83 MN
Q safe = 83.27 T 40% of load at deflection of 5mm
Qsafe seismic 104.08 T
MINIMUM STEEL

ABUTMENT STEM
0.0013 %
B D % AST
1000 1000 0.0013 1300 mm2

Dia 16 mm
ast 201.06193 mm2
Ast 1300 mm2
spacing 154.66302 mm C/C

minimum steel

ABUTMENT cap
0.002 %
B D % AST
1590 600 0.002 1908 mm2

Dia 20 mm
ast 314.15927 mm2
Ast 1908 mm2
spacing 164.6537 mm C/C
Nos 7

RETURN WALL
0.0013 %
B D % AST
1000 750 0.0013 975 mm2 3.1830989

Dia 20 mm
ast 314.15927 mm2
Ast 975 mm2
spacing 322.21463 mm C/C