This document contains 10 questions regarding linear programming. The questions involve drawing and analyzing regions bounded by linear constraints, finding maximum and minimum values of objective functions within the regions, and determining optimal values of variables that maximize profits or minimize costs. Graphical and algebraic methods are used to solve the problems, which require setting up and solving systems of linear inequalities.
This document contains 10 questions regarding linear programming. The questions involve drawing and analyzing regions bounded by linear constraints, finding maximum and minimum values of objective functions within the regions, and determining optimal values of variables that maximize profits or minimize costs. Graphical and algebraic methods are used to solve the problems, which require setting up and solving systems of linear inequalities.
This document contains 10 questions regarding linear programming. The questions involve drawing and analyzing regions bounded by linear constraints, finding maximum and minimum values of objective functions within the regions, and determining optimal values of variables that maximize profits or minimize costs. Graphical and algebraic methods are used to solve the problems, which require setting up and solving systems of linear inequalities.
This document contains 10 questions regarding linear programming. The questions involve drawing and analyzing regions bounded by linear constraints, finding maximum and minimum values of objective functions within the regions, and determining optimal values of variables that maximize profits or minimize costs. Graphical and algebraic methods are used to solve the problems, which require setting up and solving systems of linear inequalities.
[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 4] Q1 [CE Maths 90 5] In Figure l, the shaded region ABCDE is bounded by the five given lines 𝑙1 , 𝑙2 , 𝑙3 , 𝑙4 , 𝑙5 . The line 𝑙: 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 0 passes through the origin O. Let 𝑃 = 𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2, where (𝑥, 𝑦) is any point in the shaded region including the boundary. Find the greatest and the least values of P.
Q2 [CE Maths 84 8] In the figure, 𝑙1 : 2𝑦 = 3, 𝑙2 : 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 0. The line 𝑙3 passes through (0, 10) and (10, 0). (a) Find the equation of 𝑙3 . (b) Find the coordinates of the points A, B and C. (c) In the figure, the shaded region, including the boundary, is determined by three inequalities. Write down these inequalities. (d) (x, y) is any point in the shaded region, including the boundary, and 𝑃 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5. Find the maximum and minimum values of P. Q3 [CE Maths 83 12] (a) On the graph paper provided below, draw the following straight lines: 𝑦 = 2𝑥, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 30, 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 120. (b) On the same graph paper, shade the region that satisfies all the following inequalities: 𝑦 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≤ 2𝑥, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 30, 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 ≤ 120. (c) It is given that 𝑃 = 3𝑥 + 2𝑦. Under the constraints given by the inequalities in (b), (i) find the maximum and minimum values of P, and (ii) find the maximum and minimum values of P if there is the additional constraint 𝑥 ≤ 45.
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[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 5]
Q4 [CE Maths 91 8] In Figure 3, 𝐿1 is the line 𝑥 = 4, 𝐿2 is the line passing through the point (0, 2) with slope 1, and 𝐿3 is the line passing through the points (5, 0) and (0, 5). (a) Find the equations of 𝐿2 and 𝐿3 (b) Write down the three inequalities which determine the shaded region, including the boundary. (c) Suppose 𝑃 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3 and (𝑥, 𝑦) is any point satisfying all the inequalities in (b). (i) Find the point (𝑥, 𝑦) at which P is a minimum. What is this minimum value of P? (ii) If 𝑃 ≥ 7, by adding a suitable straight line to Figure 3, find the range of possible values of x.
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Q5 [CE Maths 89 14]
(a) In Figure 6, draw and shade the region that satisfies the following inequalities: 𝑦 ≥ 20 {2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≥ 40 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 100 (b) The vitamin content and the cost of three types of food X, Y and Z are shown in the following table: Food X Food Y Food Z Vitamin A (units/kg) 400 600 400 Vitamin B (units/kg) 800 200 400 Cost (dollars/kg) 6 5 4 A man wants to produce 100 kg of a mixture by mixing these three types of food. Let the amount of food X, food Y and food Z used be x, y and z kilograms respectively. (i) Express z in terms of x and y. (ii) Express the cost of the mixture in terms of x and y. (iii) Suppose the mixture must contain at least 44000 units of vitamin A and 48 000 units of vitamin B. Show that 𝑦 ≥ 20 { − 𝑦 ≥ 40 2𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 100 (iv) Using the result in (a), determine the values of x, y and z so that the cost is the least.
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Q6 [CE Maths 88 12]
In Figure 5, 𝐿1 is the line 𝑥 = 3 and 𝐿2 is the line 𝑦 = 4. 𝐿3 is the line passing through the points (3, 0) and (0, 4). (a) Find the equation of 𝐿3 in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐 , where a, b and c are integers. (b) Write down the three constraints which determine the shaded region, including the boundary. (c) Let 𝑃 = 𝑥 + 4𝑦. If (x, y) is any point satisfying all the constraints in (b), find the greatest and the least values of P. (d) If one more constraint 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 3 ≤ 0 is added, shade in Figure 5 the new region satisfying all the four constraints. For any point (x, y) lying in the new region, find the least value of P defined (c).
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Q7 [CE Maths 86 11]
(a) (i) On the graph paper provided, draw the following straight lines: 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 40, 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 60, 7𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 140. (ii) On the same graph paper, shade the region that satisfies all the following constraints: 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 40, 𝑥 + 3𝑦 ≥ 60, 7𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 140. (b) A company has two workshops A and B. Workshop A produces 1 cabinet, 1 table and 7 chairs each day; Workshop B produces 1 cabinet, 3 tables and 2 chairs each day. The company gets an order for 40 cabinets, 60 tables and 140 chairs. The expenditures to operate Workshop A and Workshop B are respectively $1000 and $2000 each day. Use the result of (a)(ii) to find the number of days each workshop should operate to meet the order if the total expenditure in operating the workshops is to be kept to a minimum. (Denote the number of days that Workshops A and B should operate by x and y respectively.)
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[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 5*] Q8 [CE Maths 87 12] A factory produces three products A, B and C from two materials M and N. Each tonne of M produces 4000 pieces of A, 20000 pieces of B and 6000 pieces of C. Each tonne of N produces 6000 pieces of A, 5000 pieces of B and 3000 pieces of C. The factory has received an order for 24000 pieces of A, 60000 pieces of B and 24 000 pieces of C. The Costs of M and N are respectively $4000 and $3000 per tonne. By following the steps below, determine the least cost of the materials used so as to meet the order.
(a) Suppose x tonnes of M and y tonnes of N were used. By considering the requirement of A, B and C of the order, five constraints could be obtained. Three of them are: 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0, 4000𝑥 + 6000𝑦 ≥ 24000. Write down the other two constraints on x and y. (b) On the graph paper provided, draw and shade the region which satisfies the five constraints in (a). (c) Express the cost of materials in terms of x and y. Hence use the graph in (b) to find the least cost of materials used to meet the order.
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Q9 [CE Maths 81 8] An association plans to build a hostel with x single rooms and y double rooms satisfying the following conditions: (1) The hostel will accommodate at least 48 persons. (2) Each single room will occupy an area of 10 m2, each double room will occupy an area of 15 m2 and the total available floor area for the rooms is 450 m2. (3) The number of double rooms should not exceed the number of single rooms. If the profits on a single room and double room are $300 and $400 per month respectively, find graphically the values of x and y so that the total profit will be a maximum.
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Q10 [CE Maths 80 12]
An airline company has a small passenger plane with a luggage capacity of 720 kg, and a floor area of 60 m2 for installing passenger seats. An economy-class seat takes up 1 m2 of floor area while a first-class seat takes up 1.5 m2. The company requires that the number of first-class seats should not exceed the number of economy-class seats. An economy-class passenger cannot carry more than 10 kg of luggage while a first-class passenger cannot carry more than 30 kg of luggage. The profit from selling a first-class ticket is double that from selling an economy-class ticket. If all tickets are sold out in every flight, find graphically how many economy-class seats and how many first-class seats should be installed to give the company the maximum profit. (Let x be the number of economy-class seats installed, y be the number of first-class seats installed.)
Answer: 1. Max P = 22, Min P = −11 3 17 3 2(a) 𝑙3 : 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 10 = 0 (b) 𝐴 (1, ) 𝐵(4, 6) 𝐶 ( , ) (c) 2𝑦 ≥ 3, 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 10 ≤ 0, 3𝑥 ≥ 2𝑦 (d) Max P = 11, Min P = −1 2 2 2 3(a)(i) Max P = 180, Min P = 70 (ii) Max P = 155, Min P = 70 4(a) 𝐿2 : 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2 = 0, 𝐿3 : 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 5 = 0 (b) 𝑥 ≤ 4, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ≥ −2, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 5 (c)(i) At (4, 1), Min P = 3 (ii) 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4 5(b)(i) 𝑧 = 100 − 𝑥 − 𝑦 (ii) 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 400 dollars (iv) (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (30, 20, 50) 19 6(a) 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 12 (b) 𝑦 ≤ 4, 𝑥 ≤ 3, 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 ≥ 12 (c) Max P = 19, Min P = 3 (d) 2 7(b) (𝑥, 𝑦) = (30, 10) 8(a) 20000𝑥 + 5000𝑦 ≥ 60000, 6000𝑥 + 3000𝑦 ≥ 24000 (c) 18000 dollars 9 (𝑥, 𝑦) = (36, 6) 10 (𝑥, 𝑦) = (48, 8)
