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Lab Ex (Center of Presure)

This document describes an experiment to calculate the hydrostatic force on a submerged plane surface. The apparatus includes a hydrostatic pressure device, test weights, and water. Equations are provided to calculate the hydrostatic force and center of pressure for partially and fully submerged surfaces. The procedure involves placing known masses on a balance and adjusting the water level until equilibrium is reached. Observations are recorded and graphs are made to compare measured and predicted hydrostatic forces. Discrepancies between measured and predicted values are analyzed.

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Jhay jhay Alcorcon
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74 views5 pages

Lab Ex (Center of Presure)

This document describes an experiment to calculate the hydrostatic force on a submerged plane surface. The apparatus includes a hydrostatic pressure device, test weights, and water. Equations are provided to calculate the hydrostatic force and center of pressure for partially and fully submerged surfaces. The procedure involves placing known masses on a balance and adjusting the water level until equilibrium is reached. Observations are recorded and graphs are made to compare measured and predicted hydrostatic forces. Discrepancies between measured and predicted values are analyzed.

Uploaded by

Jhay jhay Alcorcon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No: 1 Center of Pressure on Submerged Plane Surface

I. Objective:
To calculate the hydrostatic force a fluid exerts on a submerged plane surface and then compare the
experimental hydrostatic force to the theoretical hydrostatic force.

II. Apparatus:
i. Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus
ii. Set of Test Weights
iii. Water

Related Theory:
The basic theory to calculate the hydrostatic force for partially and fully submerged plane is
same. So, the two cases will be discussed separately. Figure 1 is a sketch of the device used to
measure the center of pressure on submerged vertical surface.

1. Partially submerged vertical plane surface

The magnitude of hydrostatic force acting on the rectangular face and the depth of center of
pressure can be computed from Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 respectively.

(1) (2)

The partially submerged surface is shown in Figure 2.


Where:

Moment about knife-edge axis is

M = F * hC.P. (3)

A balancing moment (Eq. 4) is produced by the weight (w) applied to the hanger at the end of
the balance arm.

M=w*L (4)

Where w = mg and m is the mass added to balance pan. L is the distance from knife-edge axis
to balance pan suspension rod axis.

For static equilibrium, the two moments governed from Eq. 3 and Eq. 4 are equal
(5)

2. Fully submerged vertical plane surface

The magnitude of hydrostatic force acting on the rectangular face and the y-direction position
of center of pressure can be computed from Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 respectively.

Figure 3: Fully submerged

Where:

Moment about knife-edge axis is

(6)

For static equilibrium, the two moments governed from Eq. 4 and Eq. 6 are equal

III. Procedure:
1. Place the center of pressure apparatus on a level surface. This is important for obtaining an accurate
force balancing scenario.
2. Measure the dimensions a, b, d, and the distance L from the knife-edge axis to the balance pan axis.
3. Position the Perspex tank on work surface and locate the balance arm on the knife edges.
4. Attach a hose to the drain cock and direct the other end of the hose to the sink. Attach a hose to the tap
and place the free end on the top of the Perspex tank. Level the tank using the adjustable feet in
conjunction with the spirit level.
5. Adjust the counter-balance weight until the balance arm is horizontal. This is indicated on a gate
adjacent to the balance arm.
6. Open the valve to fill water into the Perspex tank, until the water is level with the bottom edge of the
toroid.
7. Place a mass on the balance pan. Fill the tank until the balance arm is horizontal. Note the water level
on the scale. Fine adjustment of the water level may be achieved by over-filling and slowly draining,
using the drain cock.
8. Repeat step No.7 for different masses and note the corresponding water level.

IV. Observations and Calculations


3.1 Table of Observations:

3.2 Table of Observations:

V. Graphical Relationships:

Case: 1- Partially submerged (y < d)

Case: 2 – Fully submerged (y > d)


VI. Discussions and Recommendations:
 Give reasons for the discrepancies, if any, between the measured and predicted values of the
above expressions for the graph parameters.
 Discuss about the percentage of error obtained in both of the cases and some guidelines for the
improvement.

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