Mark Scheme (Results)
January 2013
International GCSE
Physics (4PH0) Paper 2P
Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 Certificate
Physics (KPH0) Paper 2P
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January 2013
Publications Code UG034772
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2013
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
1 (a) 2
Type of Charge Source
radiation ++ -2
Unstable
Alpha particle (+)2
nucleus Unstable nuclei
Unstable
Beta particle -1
nucleus
Unstable
Gamma ray 0
nucleus
(As shown)
2;
Unstable nucleus;
Question
Answe
er Accept Reject Marks
number
1 (b) Any three of: Ign
nore references to 3
dan
nger or harm
hat alpha particles would not
MP1 - Idea th
penetrate (en
nough); All ideas may be
e.g. alpha particles absorbe
ed / stopped by
b exppressed in term
ms of
{aluminium / foil / a few cm
m air / paper / card} pennetration or
abssorption.
MP2 - Idea thhat gamma rayys would be to
oo
penetrative; he
No need to see th
e.g. gamma rrays {are not absorbed / are
e word “aluminiumm,”
unaffected} proovided the mea
aning
is clear.
c
MP3 - Idea th hat some beta particles will pass
through the ffoil; Acc
cept paper or card
c
e.g. not all off the beta partticles are abso
orbed willl stop alpha fo
or MP1
MP4 - Idea off a correlation between thick
kness Acccept compariso
ons of
and absorptioon; aluminium thicknness
e.g. thinner a
aluminium abs sorbs fewer beta for MP4
particles
(c) (i) 1
both 90 and 3
39 for mark
(ii) B (the numbe
er of protons increases); 1
To
otal 7
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
2 (a) Any one of The wind is free 1
Reduced (running) costs; No costs
No atmospheric pollution / CO2; No polluting emissions
No greenhouse gases
Renewable (resource);
Cleaner (only if
qualified)
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
2 (b) Up to two points about each of unreliability, 4
environmental issues, site choice, maintenance Accept – appropriate
difficulties, data use, or cost. reverse arguments in
1 mark per point to a maximum 4 marks terms of the suitability of
coal-fired power stations
Unreliability -
the wind does not always blow (at the right speed); Ignore comments about
the turbine does not always provide output OR a efficiency or cost
back-up generator is needed; effectiveness
Environmental effects -
spoils the view OR is noisy;
(construction) destroys habitats OR a hazard to
flying birds;
Site choice –
a large site is needed;
a windy site is needed;
Maintenance difficulties –
need to work in remote location (usually);
need to work in a hazardous location e.g at height /
sea;
Data use –
one turbine produces less power than a power
station;
need many/800 turbines to give same output as
coal-fired;
Cost –
building a wind farm needs much money / time;
other costs for research / land / maintenance;
Total 5
Question number Answer Accept Reject Marks
3 (a) (i) 5.1 1
(ii) Suitable scale chosen (>50% of grid used); 5
Axes labelled with quantities and units;
Plotting to nearest half square (minus one for each Ignore 6 bands point
plotting / error);; Line below points
Line of best fit acceptable; 2,5 and above points
1,3,4
Sample graph:
Ecf from (a)(i) e.g.
an appropriate curve
Orientation of axes
unimportant
1 0.6
2 2.0
3 2.4
4 3.4
5 4.7
6 (5.1)
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
3 (a) (iii) Any two of Ecf from 2
(a)(i)/(ii)
It is a straight line; Related
Gradient / slope / correlation is positive; statement e.g.
Line does / doesn’t pass through origin; curve, line
Idea of correlated variables, e.g. direct / indirect forced through
proportionality [depending on projection to the origin], origin or
length increases with number of bands; mention of
“anomaly”
(b) 3.2 ± 0.1 (cm) ; ; Allow evidence Direct measurement
of two readings of photograph with a 2
from scale for ruler
Sample working: one mark, e.g.
subtraction
(22.3 - 9.1) or
appropriate
drawing on the
photograph
Question Answer Accept Reject Marks
Number
3 (c) Responses may refer to measuring the length of either Ignore: 2
object (the chain or the single paperclip from repetition,
photographs A and B) measuring
paperclip from
zero
Any two of:
Either object - Allow sensible
parallel with scale; equipment
closer to scale; changes, e.g.
use fiducial mark e.g. a set square; more precise
take parallax into account; scale, using
Minimise effect of friction on stretched chain; stiffer paperclips
Remove paperclip from chain for measurement; / links
Total 12
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
4 Any three of: Correct points in any 3
the air is warmed / heated (by the hot rocks); order
air expands / molecules move apart;
air becomes less dense; Same ideas expressed
hot air rises; in different words
cooler air (from sides) displaces warm air;
(at height) air cools / contracts / becomes more Same ideas expressed
dense; in labelled additions to
cooled air falls; the diagram
process is repeated;
“It” for air
Total 3
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
5 (a) (i) Substitution; 2
Calculation;
e.g. m x g = 0.454 x 10
= 4.54 (N)
(ii) Centre of gravity; Centre of mass; 1
(b) (i) force upwards; Near vertical by 2
eye
from top of nail;
In line with F2
(ii) Any two from: 2
increase F1 OR increase force (from hand); use two hands
Increase d1 OR increase distance of hand from pivot; use longer
handle
Keep F1 perpendicular to hammer; use longer
hammer
Ignore:
references to d2
distance from
nail to pivot
idea of bigger
[rather than
longer] hammer
Total 7
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
6 (a) (i) (Signal has) two values; On or off, 0 or 1, 2
two signal strengths
Only;
Binary
(ii) Any two of 2
The idea of increased frequency (of wave or send more bits/sparks,
modulation); send morse code more
quickly, send other
letters
The idea of regeneration (allowing more data to
arrive);
The idea of using increased bandwidth; The response should
The idea of using additional (signal) level; be about the signal, so
The idea of multiplexing (e.g. use more than one ignore:
channel); idea of just sending a
longer message
using optical fibre(s)
(b) (i) (wave) speed = frequency x wavelength v = f x λ (accept 1
rearrangements)
(ii) Substitution; Bald answer;; 2
Calculation; Power of ten error (for
e.g.: 820 000 x 366 1 mark) e.g. 300 000
= 300 120 000 or 300 000 000 or 3 x 108 (m/s) m/s
Alternative correct
units (for 2 marks) e.g.
300 000 km /s
Question Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
6 (c) 183 (m); 1
(d) Any three of: Sparks generate radio 3
waves;
MP1 Electrons move OR there is a current Or Lightning causes
negative charge moves; (radio) interference;
MP2 (Discharge) to earth OR across cloud OR to Correct reference to
named object – tree, house, lightning conductor; electrostatic attraction
MP3 Air conducts; / repulsion ;
MP4 Phenomenon e.g. thunder clap / lightning;
Total 11
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
7 (a) B 1
(b) (i) Word equation or Vp/Vs = Is/Ip or Vs/Vp 1
VpIp = VsIs ; = Ip/Is
or I1V1 = I2V2
(ii) Correct equation substituted OR rearranged; Bald answer;; 2
Answer;
Vp/Vs = Is/Ip or Vs/Vp = Ip/Is
e.g. 230 x 0.25 = 12 x Is , so Is = (230 x
0.25) ÷ 12 4.79 (A) , 4.792 (A)
= 4.8 (A)
(c) Two of 2
MP1 Idea of energy / power lost;
MP2 Idea of efficiency ≠ 100%;
MP3 Idea of less available
energy/power/voltage/current;
MP4 Idea of resistance increasing (with
temperature);
Total 6
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
8 (a) Area under the graph (from 0 s to 3 s) ; 6 x 3 or 18 (m); 1
area shaded on graph
(b) (i) Momentum = mass x velocity; p= m x v ; 1
accept rearrangements
(ii) Substitution in correct equation; 3
Calculation;
e.g. 6.4 x 6
= 38.4
kg m/s ; Ns;
Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
8 (c) (i) 4.8 (m/s) ; 1
(ii) Idea that momentum is conserved; Allow e.c.f. from 3
Substitution; incorrect momentum
Calculation; calculation in (b)(ii)
and /or incorrect
e.g. velocity reading
p1 = p2 / m1 x v1 = (m1 + m2) x v2
6.4 x 6 = (6.4 + m2) x 4.8 e.g.:
Idea of conservation of
m2 = (38.4 ÷ 4.8) – 6.4 = 8 – 6.4 momentum;
= 1.6 (kg) m2 = [(b)(ii) ÷ (c)(i)] –
6.4 ;
correct evaluation of
this;
e.g. 5 m/s Æ 1.28 kg
Allow for one mark - A
calculation that only
leads to total mass
e.g. = 8 kg;
Total 9
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Order Code UG034772 January 2013
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