CONTROLLING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

LAVUDYA PAVAN KUMAR | 116EE0313 | DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING |N.I.T. ROURKELA

2. INTRODUCTION 4. WIND TURBINE SYSTEM 5. CONTROL METHODS

 Renewable energy is defined as energy derived from  A Wind Turbine System (WTS) converts the wind's  The power electronic converters together with
resources that are regenerative, such as sunlight, kinetic energy into electrical energy using the wind intelligent control techniques in the renewable
wind. turbines and the power generators. generation systems (PV and wind turbine
 Renewable energy systems often provides energy in  Wind turbine systems provide a clean energy systems) have the responsibility to enable the
electricity generation and transportation services. source, emitting no greenhouse gases and no waste power conversion reliably, effectively and
 Renewable energy systems are projected to equal product. efficiently.
coal and natural gas electricity generation.  Wind turbines are mostly constructed as fast  In a Photovoltaic (PV) system, the use of a DC/DC
1. ABSTRACT  Main stream Technologies to generate electricity running machines with horizontal shaft, upwind boost converter offers flexibility to extract
from renewable energy resources are Solar Energy, arrangement and preferably 3 rotor blades. maximum power from the PV panels, which is a
Wind Power and Hydro Power.  Materials used for the rotor blades are composites. basic requirement for PV systems known as
 The global electrical energy consumption
 This work will first discuss the basic development in  Wind turbines capture power from the wind by Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT).
is still rising and there is a demand to
power electronics and power electronic conversion. means of aerodynamically designed blades and  The full-scale Wind Turbine System (WTS) mainly
double the power capacity within 20
Then different wind turbine configurations will be convert it to rotating mechanical power. The number consists of a variable speed controlled Permanent
years.
explained both aerodynamically and electrically. of blades is normally three. As the blade tip-speed Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), which is
 The production, distribution and use of
Also different control methods will be shown for a should be lower than half the speed of sound the connected to the grid through a full-scale back-to-
energy should be as technological efficient
wind turbine. They are now also installed in remote rotational speed will decrease as the radius of the back power converter.
as possible and incentives to save energy
areas with good wind conditions (off-shore, on- blade increases. For multi-MW wind turbines the  There are also other basic requirements for PV &
at the end-user should also be set up.
shore) and different possible configurations are rotational speed will be 10–15 rpm. The most WT systems, which should be complied with
 Deregulation of energy has in the past
shown and compared. Next the PV-technology is weight efficient way to convert the low-speed, high- during the design and operation, such as power
lowered the investment in larger power
discussed including the necessary basic power torque power to electrical power is to use a gear-box quality issues, grid synchronization and the anti-
plants, which means the need for new
electronic conversion. Power converters are given and a standard fixed speed generator. islanding protection.
electrical power sources may be very high
and more advanced control features described.
in the near future.
Finally, a general technology status of the wind
 Two major technologies will play
power and the PV technology is presented
6. CONCLUSION
important roles to solve the future  Present work shows the applications of power
demonstrating still more efficient and attractive
problems. electronic for both wind turbine and photovoltaic
power sources for the future.
 One is to change the electrical power technologies are discussed. PV systems are
production sources from the conventional, discussed including technology, inverters and their
fossil (and short term) based energy 3. PHOTO VOLTAIC SYSTEM control methods. Finally, a status of the wind
sources to renewable energy resources. turbine and PV market is given and some future
 Another is to use high efficient power trends are highlighted. Both wind and PV will be
electronics in power generation, power  A Photovoltaic(PV) system converts light energy
(K.E. of photons) into electrical direct current (DC) important power sources for the future energy
transmission/distribution and end-user system.
application. by taking the advantage of the photoelectric effect. Fig.1 Hardware schematic and control function blocks
 It consists of an arrangement of Solar panels (array of a typical PV system with a DC/DC boost stage
 This work discuss some of the most 7. REFERENCES
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back WTS