HUMIDIFICATION
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Introduction
• Basics
• Isothermal Humidifiers
• Adiabatic Humidifiers
• Available Resources
2
Basics
• Common Terms • Isothermal Humidification
– Humidity – Humidification with
– Relative humidity negligible dry bulb
– Dry Bulb Temperature temperature change
– Wet Bulb Temperature • Adiabatic Humidification
– Dew Point Temperature – Humidification with
– Humidification load reduction in dry bulb
temperature
– Evaporative cooling
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Maximum Moisture Content Of Air Depends On Air
Temperature
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Grains of Water / Cubic Foot of Air
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10
Air Temperature (F)
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Humidity Affects
• Hygroscopic Materials
• Static Charge
• Dust/Particulate
• Mold Growth
• Airborne Pathogens
• Human Comfort
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Why Humidify?
Electrostatic Voltages
10%-20% RH 65%-90% RH
Walking Across Carpet 35,000 1,500
Walking Over Vinyl Floor 12,000 250
Worker at Bench 6,000 100
Vinyl Envelopes for Work 7,000 600
Well Humidified vs. Instructions
Poorly Humidified Common Poly Bag Picked Up From 20,000 1,200
Bench
Common Chair Padded with 18,000 1,500
Polyurethane Foam
Static Shock Voltages and Humidity
Circuit Board Close Up
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Why Humidify?
Sterling Chart Temperature Effect On Moisture Content
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Human Health And Comfort
• Maintain 35% to 55% RH
• Dry air removes moisture from skin causing
evaporative cooling
• With higher humidity, lower temperatures feel more
comfortable
• Lower heating/cooling costs
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Isothermal Humidifiers
• Direct steam injection
• Steam to steam
• Electric Resistive
• Electrode
• Gas Fired
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Direct Steam Injection – 9000/1000 Series
Basics
• Pressurized humidifier
• Jackets manifold and drying chamber
with pressurized steam
Advantages
• Jacketing ensures dry humidification
steam into the airflow
• Pressurized condensate return
Considerations
• Absorption distances can be very long
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Absorption Distance
Main factors Humidipack
• Air temperature • Typically the Humidipack
• Amount of steam family will have a 24”
injected absorption distance or
• Air flow and velocity shorter.
• Coverage across duct Single dispersion tubes
• Typically will have an
absorption distance
greater than 24”
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Direct Steam Injection – Humidipack Series
Basics
• Humidipack, Humidipack CF, and Humidipack
Plus for pressurized steam
• Humidipack only for atmospheric pressure steam
Advantages
• Short absorption distances
• Customizable to the application
Considerations
• Non-pressurized condensate return from header
drains
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Steam-to-Steam – CS Series
Basics
• Atmospheric steam generator
• Uses pressurized steam to produce
clean steam
Advantages
• Good turndown with ACV control
• Ionic bed technology
Considerations
• Slower response time
• Lower overall efficiency
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Steam-to-Steam – USG Series
Basics
• Pressurized humidifier
• Uses boiler steam to produce pressurized clean
steam
Advantages
• Centralized clean steam source
Considerations
• Large footprint
• Double boiler maintenance Series RB-V
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Electric Resistive – HC6000 Series
Basics
• Atmospheric steam generator
• Resistive heating elements to produce steam
Advantages
• Compatible with any water type
• Excellent controllability
• Ionic bed technology
Considerations
• Requires maintenance access on 3 sides
• Larger footprint than other electric humidifiers
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Electrode – EHU800 Series
Basics
• Atmospheric steam generator
• Passes electric current through water to
produce steam
Advantages
• Maintenance access required on 2 sides
• Smaller footprint
• Steam generator is designed to be
disposable or easily cleanable
Considerations
• Water make up and routine maintenance are
key to proper humidifier operation
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Gas-Fired – GFH Series
Basics
• Atmospheric steam generator
• Uses either gas or propane as fuel source
Advantages
• Much larger capacities than electric
steam generators
• Ionic bed technology
Considerations
• Footprint can be large
• Slower response time
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Consideration For Traditional Steam
Generating Humidifiers
• When water boils, impurities such as calcium, magnesium, and iron deposit
as “scale” on heating elements, electrodes, or heat exchangers.
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Ionic Bed Technology
• Charged to attract scale
• Easily removable
• Proprietary to Armstrong HC6000, CS,
and GFH humidifiers
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Atmospheric Steam Humidifiers vs.
Pressurized Steam Humidifiers
Atmospheric Pressurized
• One steam generator • Central steam source
per airflow • Uses control valve to
• Uses steam generator to modulate steam for
modulate steam for humidification
humidification • Piping from steam
• Piping from steam generator to dispersion
generator to dispersion has less restrictions
has restrictions
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Atmospheric Steam Humidifiers vs.
Pressurized Steam Humidifiers
Atmospheric Pressurized
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Dispersion Methods
Atmospheric Pressurized
• D and DL single tube • Humidipack,
• Humidipack Humidipack Centifeed,
• EHF fan package Humidipack Plus
• Express pack • 9000 and 1000 M-series
manifolds
• 9000 and 1000 steam
shower manifolds
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Adiabatic Humidifiers
• High Pressure
• Compressed Air Fogger
• Evaporative
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Adiabatic vs. Isothermal
Adiabatic units cool the air as
they humidify.
Isothermal units do not change
the air temperature as they
humidify.
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High Pressure – Pressure Fog
Basics
• Uses high pressure pump to pump pure water
through its nozzles
Advantages
• Easily configurable for large area applications
Considerations
• Non-wetting distances can be very long (> 48”)
• Staged turndown
• DI/RO water required
• Evaporative cooling
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Compressed Air Fogger – Cool Fog
Basics
• Uses high pressure air and water to
atomize water
Advantages
• Great turndown and controllability
Considerations
• Non-wetting distances are very long
• Evaporative cooling
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Evaporative - EVAPACK®
Basics
• Saturates media with water to humidify as air
passes through
Advantages
• Can be used with almost any water source
• No absorption distance, only requires room for
the basin footprint
Considerations
• Currently not approved for use in health care
• Evaporative cooling
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HUMID-A-WARE SOFTWARE
• Sizing and selection software
• Full version contains literature for
humidification
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Armstrong provides intelligent system
solutions that improve utility performance,
lower energy consumption, and reduce
environmental emissions while providing an
enjoyable experience.
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