 ‫א‬‫א‬

Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version

١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

  DC Generators ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 
 ٪٨٥‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K٩W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 KEFW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

 

-١٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

  DC Generators ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬

‫א‬   ‫א‬   K‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J١ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ،،‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 J‫א‬‫א‬EF 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
  ،K‫א‬
 (S)‫א‬ (N) (abcd)‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬      ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
e=BLv 2-1
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ v(m/sec)، ‫א‬ L(m)،‫א‬‫א‬ B(wb/m2)
‫א‬  K(volt)   ‫א‬   (e) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬  
    ‫א‬    (cd)  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  (ab) 
 K١ J٢‫א‬

  E F
 

 
 EFEF
 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢
‫א‬   ‫א‬     ١ J٢    (abcd) ‫א‬  
‫א‬o٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Eo٩٠‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬o٩٠‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬ 0٢٧٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،١ J٢ (sinewave)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

  (DC)‫א‬ ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K٢ J٢ A, BE ‫א‬F
(abcd)‫א‬‫א‬،٢ J٢A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،B‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢، ١٨٠
 ١٨٠‫א‬ ‫א‬، ١٨٠ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٦٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١ J٢ 
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬     K    EF
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

d
b
a

 
E F E
F

 
 EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٢ J١ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٢
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ W(Yoke)‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٢K،‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W(Main poles) ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬  (Pole face or shoe)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W  (Field coils)‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، (series field coil)‫א‬ (shunt field coil)‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K   ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٥ J٢F
 

 
 ٣ J٢

-٢١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   W (Commutating poles) ‫א‬  •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٢
 

 
 ‫א‬٥ J٢
 W‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W(Armature core)‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 

،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K٦ J٢

-٢٢-
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Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W(Armature windings)‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W (Commutator )E‫א‬F‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W(Brushes holder)‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
      K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   E‫א‬F
 K
 

 WArmature winding‫א‬٣ J١ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦ J٢

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،(commutator segments) ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W(Lap winding)‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬،٧ J٢
 

3‫א‬‫א‬ 2‫א‬ 2 ‫א‬‫א‬ 1‫א‬E 1,2,3F

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
٧ J٢K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W(Wave winding) ‫א‬‫א‬ J
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K٨ J٢      (commutator pitch) ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
 EFEF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧ J٢

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨ J٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
    K  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      
v (m/sec)‫א‬B (tesla)l (m)
e ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬(volt)
e=Blv volt 2-2
 W‫א‬‫א‬r meter‫א‬
2πn
v = ωr = r 2-3
60

 
 ،E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  (rad/sec) ω ،L ‫א‬‫א‬   (rpm) n 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
φ φ
B= = 2-4
A 2πrl / 2 p
 

 ٢ J٢ ‫א‬  ٤ J٢ ‫א‬ ٣ J٢   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  A
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
φ 2 p 2πn
e= l r 2-5
2πrl 60

 

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ٥ J٢‫א‬
2 pn
e =φ 2-6
60
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 2a‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Za ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2p n
Ea = φZ a 2-7
2a 60
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩ J٢
،٢٥٠‫א‬‫א‬٦١ J٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ٤   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ KL ١٢٠٠ 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
2p=6 2a=2[wave winding] Za=250 n=1200 rpm Φ=4 megalines/pole

Φ=4*106 *10-8=0.04 wb/pole (1 line = 10-8 wb)

2p n
Ea = φZ a
2a 60

6 1200
E a = * 0.04 * 250 * = 600 volt
2 60

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬، ٩٦٠‫א‬‫א‬ ٨  ٢ J٢

‫א‬  ، ٢٢٠ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ KL ٦٠٠  
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
2p=8 2a=2p [lap winding] Za=960 n=600 rpm Ea=220 V

2p n
Ea = φZ a
2a 60

8 600
220 = *φ * 960 *
8 60

Φ=220*60/(600*960)=0.023 wb/pole

 

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 (Armature Reaction) ‫א‬٣ J٢

‫א‬    ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Lenz Law) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ J٢K‫א‬ ‫א‬
(M.M.Ff)‫א‬KE‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
 (G.M.A)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K(M.N.A)‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ١٠ J٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬ x ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬         ‫א‬      ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ (M.M.Fa)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
θ ‫א‬   (M.M.Ft)  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   K ١٠ J٢
(M.N.A) ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،  (M.M.Ff)‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ١٠ J٢K(G.M.A)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٠ J٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠ J٢K (ab)‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  (bc)‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K١٠ J٢‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 (Demagnetizing effect)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 
 EFEFEF
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ J٢
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١٢ J٢،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١ J٢
‫א‬K (Fa) ‫א‬(Fc)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E‫א‬F
١٣ J٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١١ J٢
 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢ J٢

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬١٣ J٢

 (Methods of Excitation)‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬٤ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  EF    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ (Separately excited) EF‫א‬‫א‬  J
KE‫א‬F
  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬    (Self excited) ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 (Separately excited generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٤ J٢

‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٤ J٢  
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٤ J٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Kirechhoff’s Law)
Ea = VL + I a Ra 2-8

‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Ea ،E‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  VL 
 W‫א‬‫א‬

2-9

 K‫א‬‫א‬IL،‫א‬Ra،‫א‬Ia
Ia = IL 2-10

   L ١٢٠٠    ،‫א‬      ٣ J٢ 
١٠٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ١٢٥ ٢٠٠‫א‬
 K٠,٠٤‫א‬K‫א‬،L
 ‫א‬
n1=1200 rpm IL1=200 A VL1=125 V n2=1000 rpm Ra=0.04 Ω
Eaα n as If is constant
Ea1=VL1+IL1Ra
= 125+200*0.04=133 V
Ea1 n1
=
E a 2 n2

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

133 1200
=
Ea 2 1000

1000 *133
Ea 2 = = 110.8 V
1200
Ea2=VL2+IL2Ra=IL2RL+ IL2Ra
VL 125
RL = = = 0.625Ω
I L 200
110.8=IL2[0.625+0.04]=IL2[0.665]
110.8
I L2 = = 166.62 Amp.
0.665

  (Self excited generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٤ J٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(series excitation)‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(shunt excitation)‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(compound excitation)  J

 (series excited generator)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J٤ J٢

K١٥ J٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥ J٢
 

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

:‫א‬‫א‬
E a = VL + I a (Ra + R f ) 2-11

Ia = IL = I f 2-12

 ١٢٥‫א‬ ١٥‫א‬‫א‬ ٤، ‫א‬ ٤ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬K,٢٤‫א‬,١٥‫א‬KL١١٥٠‫א‬
K ١٢٥‫א‬L ١٢٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
Pout=15Kw VL1=125 V n1=1150 rpm Rf=0.15Ω Ra=0.24Ω n2=1200rpm
IL2=125 A Φ2= 1.3Φ1

Pout 15 * 103
I L1 = = = 120 Amp.
V L1 125
Ea1=VL1+IL1Rf+IaRa=VL1+IL1[Rf+Ra] as IL=Ia
Ea1=125+120[0.15+0.24]=171.8 V
Ea1 φ1n1
=
E a 2 φ 2 n2
φ 2 n2 Ea1 1.3φ1 * 1200 * 171.8
Ea 2 = = = 233.05 V
φ1n1 φ1 * 1150
Ea2=VL2+IL2Rf+IaRa=VL2+IL2[Rf+Ra]
VL2=Ea2-IL2[Rf+Ra]=233.05-125[0.15+0.24]=184.3 volt

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 (Shunt excited generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢ J٤ J٢

K١٦ J٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬     ،‫א‬    ‫א‬      ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
:‫א‬‫א‬
Ea = VL + I a Ra 2-13

V f = VL = I f R f 2-14

Ia = IL + I f 2-15

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٪٥٪١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٦ J٢
 ‫א‬ ،  ٢٤٠ ‫א‬   ٣٥٠     ‫א‬  ٥ J٢ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ٥٥  ٠ ,٠٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
IL=350 A VL=240 V Ra=0.02Ω Rf=55Ω

Vf VL 240
If = = = = 4.36 Amp
Rf Rf 55

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Ia=IL+If=350+4.36=354.36 Amp

Ea=VL+IaRa=240+354.36*0.02=247.1 V
، ٥٠٠ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬      ٦ J٢ 
‫א‬ ٦٠ ٢٠٠،٩٥‫א‬ ٠,٠١‫א‬
 K٠, ٠٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٢٠
‫א‬
2p=2a [lap winding] Za=500 Ra=0.01Ω Rf=95Ω Pout=200*60=12000W
VL=120 V Φ=0.02 wb/pole

Pout=VL.IL

Pout 200 * 60
IL = = = 100 A
VL 120

Vf 120
If = = = 1.26 A
Rf 95

Ia=IL+If=100+1.26=101.26 A

Ea=VL+IaRa=120+101.26*0.01=121.01 V

2p
121.01 = * 0.02 * 500 * n / 60
2p

n=121.01*60/(0.02*500)=726 rpm

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 (Compound excited generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٢ J٤ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
(cumulative compound )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(differential compound)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،(short-shunt)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،(long-shunt) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   E‫א‬‫א‬  
،١٧ J٢‫א‬‫א‬،١٧ J٢‫א‬
Ksh‫א‬‫א‬se‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Ea = VL + I a Ra + I L Rse 2-16
 
I a = I L + I sh 2-17
 
I se = I L 2-18

 :‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Ea = VL + I a ( Ra + Rse ) 2-19

I a = I L + I sh 2-20

I se = I a 2-21

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 EFE F
 EFEF ‫א‬‫א‬١٧ J٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(demagnetize the machine)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ K  ٢٣٠    ٦٠        ٧ J٢ 
٠,٠١‫א‬‫א‬،٠,٠٤‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٢٥‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
VL=230 V IL=60 A Ra=0.04 Ω Rse=0.01Ω Rsh=125Ω

Vsh VL 230
I sh = = = = 1.84 A
Rsh Rsh 125

Ia=IL+Ish=60+1.84=61.84 A

Ea=VL+Ia(Ra+Rse)=230+61.84*(0.04+0.01)=233.092 Volt

 
 (Characteristic Curves of DC Generators) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥ J٢
  ‫א‬   J‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 ‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬

   Ea ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 2a,2P،‫א‬‫א‬
 KN‫א‬‫א‬،Φ‫א‬‫א‬
  Ea = kφ N
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KVL‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
No-load characteristic, Eo=f(If), N=constant ‫א‬‫א‬  J

‫א‬‫א‬  (o.c.c)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

 K‫א‬(If) ‫א‬(Eo)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Load characteristic, VL=f(If), Ia and N=constant ‫א‬‫א‬  J

‫א‬ (If)‫א‬  (VL) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬
External characteristic, VL=f(IL), If and N=constant ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

K‫א‬‫א‬(IL)‫א‬(VL)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Internal characteristic, Ea=f(Ia), If and N=constant ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٥ J٢
 No-load characteristic‫א‬‫א‬  J
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ea‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  Ea = kφ

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 (If) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  Ea = k ′I f
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬Eo‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،١٨ J٢ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
  ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،‫א‬  
‫א‬،If ‫א‬ Eo‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  (b) ‫א‬ ،(a)  ‫א‬   ١٨ J٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 EFEF
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬١٨ J٢

 Load characteristic‫א‬‫א‬ J
      ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬،(armature reaction)‫א‬(Eo)‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (Ea) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    (VL) ‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   E‫א‬F ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ،(IaRa)
‫א‬FVL،VL‫א‬‫א‬(RL)‫א‬

-٤١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬    E ‫א‬F ‫א‬  E
 J٢،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩ J٢K‫א‬‫א‬
I‫א‬ ‫א‬ III،١٩ J٢‫א‬ K‫א‬١٩
‫א‬،III ‫א‬ (IaRa) AB ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ CB‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ II
‫א‬(VL)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ (CD)‫א‬‫א‬  (Eo)‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 EFEF
 ‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬١٩ J٢
 (External characteristic)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٠ J٢ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ea(II)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ Eo‫א‬ (I)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،(III)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬(IL)‫א‬(VL)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 (Internal characteristic)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،Ea=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٠ J٢ II‫א‬
 (IL) ‫א‬‫א‬ (Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ (Ea)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬  ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Ea  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   AB ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ε ‫א‬    ،٢٠ J٢  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
E o − VL
%ε = ∗ 100 2-22
VL

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٥ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،   E‫א‬F ‫א‬ 
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ،‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

   ‫א‬ (Magnetization curve)  ‫א‬  ٢١ J٢‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
‫א‬  (Eo) ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،(If) ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
(Er)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،(Rf)‫א‬ (Lf)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 K(Residual magnetism) Er‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢١ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J٥ J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢ J٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K (RL)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K(VL) ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ I‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٢ J٢‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    III   ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KA.C‫א‬I‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬OPKIL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٢ J٢‫א‬
EIIIF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ IaRa‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Ea‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EIIF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ II‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 EFEF
‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٢ J٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢ J٥ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٣ J٢I ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ III‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ II
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
K Eo ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  IV ‫א‬  K‫א‬    ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E − AA
%ε = o ∗100 2-23
AA

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 EFEF
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٣ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٢ J٥ J٢
 (long-shunt )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ K(short-shunt)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
   E  ‫א‬  ‫א‬F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬   W‫א‬  J
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬
 VL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٤ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬   W J
    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬VL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   WEF   J
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٤ J٢‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٤ J٢

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version
١١٠ - http://www.simpopdf.com
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Energy Losses and Efficiency of DC Generators‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦ J٢

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،EF،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬F
 Magnetic losses (Iron losses)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 Electrical losses (Cupper losses)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 Mechanical losses (Friction losses)E‫א‬F J
 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٦ J٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:Hysteresis loss‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W = B1g.6 f 2-24
h

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEddy current loss E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

We = B g2 f 2-25

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  . 0 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢ J٦ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 Armature cupper loss=I2aRa W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Shunt field losses ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W ‫א‬   ‫א‬ J
  Series field losses = I2seRse ‫א‬‫א‬I2shRsh(or VIsh)
Loss due to brush contact resistance=IaVB W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VB
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٦ J٢
،(bearing)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٦ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   (Prime mover)  
،٢٥ J٢ Input power‫א‬
K H.P=746 Watt.W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، H.P‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ Pi ‫א‬‫א‬ Pmech‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WE‫א‬F‫א‬PgPg
Pg=Ea Ia
 

Pg=Pin-(Pmech+Pi) 2-26

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Pg‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

K PL‫א‬ Pout ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٦ J٢

A B C
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
Pi&Pmech Pcu
Pin Pg Pout

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٥ J٢
 

‫א‬‫א‬
o/p
‫א‬‫א‬
i/p VLIL
IaEa
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ I2seRse
I2shRsh
∆VIa
I2aR
Pmech+Pi

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢٦ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 
 Efficiency‫א‬‫א‬٥ J٦ J٢
 ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J

ηm = 2-27

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
ηe = 2-28

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J

o/ p C VL I L
η = = η mη e = = 2-29
i/ p A HP * 746

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Pout
η = 2-30
Pout + losses

Pin − losses
η = 2-31
Pin

 

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 
٤٥    L ١٠٠٠  ،     ٨ J٢ 
 ٠,٠٢‫א‬‫א‬ ٠,٠٥‫א‬‫א‬،K ٢٤٠‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K ٦٥  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬٣٥٠٠
 ‫א‬
 
n=1000 rpm Pout=45 Kw VL=240 V Ra=0.05Ω Rse=0.02Ω Rsh=65Ω
Pi+Pmech=3500 W

Pout 45 * 103
IL = = = 187.5 A
VL 240

Vsh V 240
I sh = = L = = 3.7 A
Rsh Rsh 65

Ia=IL+Ish=187.5+3.7=191.2 A

Pcu=I2aRa+ I2aRse+ I2shRsh= I2a (Ra+Rse)+ I2shRsh

=(191.2)2*(0.05+0.02) + (3.7)2*65=3448.87 W

Losses=Pcu+Pi+Pmech

=3448.87+3500=6948.87 W

Pout 45 * 103
 η = = = 0.866 = 86.6%
Pout + Losses 45 * 103 + 6948.87

 

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 
 ١٢٠٠،٨ ٩ J٢
‫א‬K ٠,٠٢٢‫א‬‫א‬ ٦٠‫א‬،L ٦٠٠
‫א‬‫א‬K ٢٥٠‫א‬‫א‬ ٠,٠٤‫א‬‫א‬، ,٠٦
 K‫א‬٤٥٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
2p=8 2a=2 [wave winding] Za=1200 n=600 rpm Ia=60 A Φ=0.022 wb
Ra=0.06Ω Rse=0.04Ω Rsh=250Ω Pi+Pmech=3500W
2p
Ea = φZ a n / 60
2a
8
E a = * 0.022 * 1200 * 600 / 60 = 1056 V
2
Ea=Va+IaRa
Va=Ea-IaRa=1056-60*0.06=1052.4 V

Va 1052.4
I sh = = = 4.21 A
Rsh 250

IL=Ia-If=60-4.21=55.79 A

VL=Va-ILRse=1052.4-55.79*0.04=1050.17 V

Pout=VLIL=1050.17*55.79=58589 W

Pcu=I2aRa+ I2LRse+ I2shRsh

=(60)2*0.06+(55.79)2*0.04+(4.21)2*250=4771.5 W

losses=Pcu+Pi+Pmech=4771.5+3500=8271.5 W

Pout 58589
η= = = 0.876 = 87.6%
Pout + Losses 58589 + 8271.5

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‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٣
 ‫א‬     ‫؟‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬      J٤
‫؟‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٥
‫א‬ J‫א‬ J‫א‬  J٦
K‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٧
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٨
K‫א‬ J‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٩
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J١٠
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١١
‫א‬٢٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  J١٢
١٢٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  JWK ١,٢٥L ١٠٠٠
‫א‬٢١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ JK‫א‬١,١‫א‬L
K٢٠٥‫א‬L١٢٠٠‫א‬ JK١,٢
، ١٢٠‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٣
‫א‬٪١١٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٩٥ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K١٢٠
‫א‬   ، ٢٥٠  ‫א‬K ٣٠  ‫א‬      J١٤
‫א‬‫א‬K ٢٦٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ,١٢٥
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٥‫א‬

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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

، ٩٦٠ ٨‫א‬  J١٥

 K,٢٥ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ٢٨٠    ٦{٥   L٥٠٠
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ J  ‫א‬  J W  ١٧٥ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬ J
  ١٠٠ ، K,٨  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ، ٤ ‫א‬     J١٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ٣٠٠،‫א‬
‫א‬   L ١٠٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬   ١٢ ‫א‬  ، ٠,٠٣ 
K
٥٠٠‫א‬‫א‬K ٢٥ ‫א‬ ٤  J١٧
   ٠,٠٤ ‫א‬‫א‬    ٠,٠٣ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ J W  ٢٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
K٠,٠٢‫א‬‫א‬L١٢٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ٨٠ ‫א‬     ٢٥٠     J١٨
‫א‬،‫א‬ ١٠٠، ٠,٠٣،K٠,٠٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣٠‫א‬L١٥٠٠‫א‬  J١٩
١٨٠٠  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ، ١٥٠ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٦٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬ ٦٠ ‫א‬‫א‬L
K‫א‬K,١٥،, ١‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠
٢٥٠‫א‬K٢٥L١٠٠٠  J٢٠
١١٠،٠,٠٦، ٠,٠٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ JW٪٨٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ٤٥ L ١٠٠٠  J٢١
 ٠,٠٢ ‫א‬‫א‬   ٠,٠٥ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ، ٢٤٠  
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ٦٥  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬٣٥٠٠‫א‬

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