Hildegard Peplau was influential in developing psychiatric nursing as a distinct specialty. She published her seminal book "Interpersonal Relations in Nursing" which described the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship and identified four phases and six nursing roles. Peplau's theory was influenced by Freud, Maslow, and Sullivan and synthesized the importance of understanding interpersonal relationships and one's own behavior to help others. Her work on the nurse-patient relationship continues to influence nursing practice and research internationally.
Hildegard Peplau was influential in developing psychiatric nursing as a distinct specialty. She published her seminal book "Interpersonal Relations in Nursing" which described the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship and identified four phases and six nursing roles. Peplau's theory was influenced by Freud, Maslow, and Sullivan and synthesized the importance of understanding interpersonal relationships and one's own behavior to help others. Her work on the nurse-patient relationship continues to influence nursing practice and research internationally.
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A brief description of Hildegard E. Peplau and her works.
Hildegard Peplau was influential in developing psychiatric nursing as a distinct specialty. She published her seminal book "Interpersonal Relations in Nursing" which described the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship and identified four phases and six nursing roles. Peplau's theory was influenced by Freud, Maslow, and Sullivan and synthesized the importance of understanding interpersonal relationships and one's own behavior to help others. Her work on the nurse-patient relationship continues to influence nursing practice and research internationally.
Hildegard Peplau was influential in developing psychiatric nursing as a distinct specialty. She published her seminal book "Interpersonal Relations in Nursing" which described the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship and identified four phases and six nursing roles. Peplau's theory was influenced by Freud, Maslow, and Sullivan and synthesized the importance of understanding interpersonal relationships and one's own behavior to help others. Her work on the nurse-patient relationship continues to influence nursing practice and research internationally.
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Hildegard E.
Peplau
Theory of Interpersonal Relations
Hildegard E. Peplau has been described as the mother of psychiatric nursing because her theoretical and clinical work led to the development of the distinct specialty field of psychiatric nursing. Her scope of influence in nursing includes her contributions as a psychiatric nursing expert, educator, author, and nursing leader and theorist Peplau provided major leadership in the professionalization of nursing. She served as executive director and president of the American Nurses Association (ANA). She was instrumental in the ANA definition of nursing that was nursing’s declaration of a social contract with society in Nursing: A Social Policy Statement. She promoted professional standards and regulation through credentialing. Peplau taught the first classes for graduate psychiatric nursing students at Teachers College, Columbia University, and she stressed the importance of nurses’ ability to understand their own behaviour to help others identify perceived difficulties. Her seminal book, Interpersonal Relations in Nursing, describes the importance of the nurse-patient relationship as a “significant, therapeutic interpersonal process and is recognized as the first nursing theory textbook since Nightingale’s work in the 1850s. She discussed four psychobiological experiences that compel destructive or constructive patient responses, as follows: needs, frustrations, conflicts, and anxieties. Peplau identified four phases of the nurse-patient relationship: orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution. Diagrammed changing aspects of nurse-patient relationships (Figure 5-2), and proposed and described six nursing roles: stranger, resource person, teacher, leader, surrogate, and counselor (Figure 5-3). Peplau had professional relationships with others in psychiatry, medicine, education, and sociology that influenced her view of what a profession is and does and what it should be (Sills, 1998). Her work was influenced by Freud, Maslow, and Sullivan’s interpersonal relationship theories, and by the contemporaneous psychoanalytical model. She borrowed the psychological model to synthesize her Theory of Interpersonal Relations (Haber, 2000). Her work on nurse-patient relationships is known well internationally and continues to influence nursing practice and research. Recent publications using her model include research in staff-student relationships (Aghamohammadi-Kalkhoran, Karimollahi & Abdi, 2011), psychiatric workforce development (Hanrahan, Delaney, & Stuart 2012), care of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Keoghan, 2011), subject recruitment, retention and participation in research (Penckofer, Byrn, Mumby, & Ferrans, 2011), the practice environment of nurses working in inpatient mental health (Roche, Duffield & White, 2011), and therapeutic relationships between women with anorexia and health care professionals (Wright & Hacking, 2012). Peplau’s work is specific to the nursepatient relationship and is a theory for the practice of nursing.
