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Hazards and Disasters

This document discusses hazards, disasters, and disaster risk. It defines hazards as events or objects that can potentially cause damage. A hazard event is when actual damage occurs. A community is at risk of disaster if it is exposed to hazards and vulnerable, meaning it lacks the ability to cope. A disaster seriously disrupts a community and exceeds its ability to cope on its own. Disaster risk depends on hazards present, exposure, vulnerability, and coping capacity. Disasters can be natural, like typhoons or earthquakes, or manmade. They impact communities through damage, injuries, deaths, and economic losses. The Philippines faces several natural hazards due to its location and geography. Proper education and evacuation planning can help control risks

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Abby de Leon
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62 views3 pages

Hazards and Disasters

This document discusses hazards, disasters, and disaster risk. It defines hazards as events or objects that can potentially cause damage. A hazard event is when actual damage occurs. A community is at risk of disaster if it is exposed to hazards and vulnerable, meaning it lacks the ability to cope. A disaster seriously disrupts a community and exceeds its ability to cope on its own. Disaster risk depends on hazards present, exposure, vulnerability, and coping capacity. Disasters can be natural, like typhoons or earthquakes, or manmade. They impact communities through damage, injuries, deaths, and economic losses. The Philippines faces several natural hazards due to its location and geography. Proper education and evacuation planning can help control risks

Uploaded by

Abby de Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HAZARDS AND DISASTERS

Hazard
- an object, event, being that has potential to cause damage
Hazard Event
- when a hazard does damage
Hazard-Prone
- a community is hazard-prone when an immovable hazard is present
- a community that is hazard-prone is not automatically disaster-risked
Disaster
- According to the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
(UNISDR)
- a serious disruption of a community/society
- widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses
- impacts exceed the ability of the affected community/society to cope using its own
resources
- community = people + homes + infrastructure + economy
Hazard to Disaster
- it has caused a hazard event to happen
- the hazard event causes a serious disruption to the community
- hazard -> hazard event -> disaster
- when the community is not prepared
Disaster Characteristics
- a disaster can be sudden/catch the community by surprise
- a disaster can have high number of casualties or high cost of damage
Risk
- a chance of something to happen
Disaster Risk
- chance of a disaster to happen in a community
- the probability of a community to experience a specific disaster on the basis of the
hazard present, their exposure to it, their vulnerabilities and their coping capacity
Factors of Disaster Risk
1. Hazard
- when you identify the possible hazard event, you identify the hazard as well
2. Exposure
- when you identify who or what could be affected
- living or non-living
3. Vulnerability
- factors that increase the likelihood of a disaster
4. Coping Capacity
- factors that decrease the likelihood of a disaster
Classifications of Disasters
1. Natural
- people have little to no control with natural disasters
- primary cause is the earth and any of its processes
- ex. typhoons, rains, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions
2. Manmade
- people have more control with manmade disasters
- ex. wars, chemical spills, garbage accumulation
3. Some can be both natural and manmade
- fire, flood, etc.
Types of Natural Disasters
1. Geologic
- the geosphere is responsible
- ex. volcanic eruptions, earthquakes
2. Hydrometeorological
- hydrosphere/atmosphere is responsible
- ex. typhoons, tsunamis, tornadoes
3. Biological
- biosphere is responsible
- pest infestations, invasive species, outbreaks
Effects of Disaster on Community
- disasters can cause serious disruption to the community
- people: injury, disability, death
- homes/infrastructure: damaged or destroyed
- economy: loss of income and purchasing power
Levels of Effects
- described systematically according to which happened first
- an effect is something done to an element
1. Primary
- directly happened due to the hazard event
2. Secondary
- happened because of a primary effect
3. Tertiary
- long-term effect due to a primary or secondary effect
Perspectives of Effects
- with different perspectives, we can assess the effects systematically and obtain a
more complete assessment
- Physical, Biological, Psychological, Economic, Sociocultural, Political
The Philippines
- typhoons/storms: Philippines is near the Pacific Ocean and is archipelagic
- Heavy rains: Monsoons happen often because we are near equator
- Volcanoes/Earthquakes: Common because Philippines is on Pacific Ring of Fire
- Landslides: the Philippines is mountainous
Demographics
- deals with total number of people (population), number of people in an area
(population density), movement of people, age distribution, PWD considerations
- controlling demographics -> proper education and well-thought evacuation plans
Urbanisation
- homes, infrastructure, economy, environment
- controlling urbanisation -> dictate how communities are built (urban planning)

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