QUESTION BANK

III B.Tech-II Sem

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II

UNIT – I A
DESIGN OF CURVED BEAMS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. How does the curvature of the beam affect the stress distribution across its cross-section under
bending? ( May/June 2018)
2. State any four assumptions made in deriving the expression for stress due to bending at the
extreme fibers of a curved beam. (Dec 2018)
3. State any four assumptions made in deriving the expression for normal stress due to bending at
the extreme fibers of a curved beam. ( May/June 2017)
4. What is the effect of stress concentrations in the curved beams? (December 2017)
5. Mention any four practical examples of curved beams. (December 2016)

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. (a)Define curved beam. What is the difference with respect to straight beam?
(b) A central horizontal section of a hook is symmetrical trapezium 60 mm deep, the inner width
being 60 mm and the outer width being 30 mm. Estimate the extreme intensities of stresses when
the hook carries a load of 20 kN, the load line passes at 40 mm from the inside edge of the
section and the centre of curvature lies in the load line. (Dec 2018)
2. The horizontal section of crane hook is symmetrical trapezium 120 mm deep, the inner width
being 90 mm and outer width being 30 mm. The hook is made of plain carbon steel 45𝐶8 (𝑆𝑦=380
𝑁/𝑚𝑚2) and the factor of safety is 3.5. Determine the load carrying capacity of the hook. Also
draw the crane hook and show the location at which maximum stress is acting. ( May/June
2018)
3. The C frame of a 100 KN capacity press is shown in figure below. The material of frame is grey
cast iron whose ultimate tensile stress is 200 MPA and FOS = 3. Determine the maximum stress at
both inner fiber and outer fiber. (May/June 2017)

4. A portable hydraulic inverter has a maximum riveting force of 70 kN. The U frame is made cast
steel with an ultimate stress of 480 MPa and a yield point in tension of 240 MPa. Consider only the
section AA and determine the following: (i) Bending moment. (ii) Distance from centroidal axis to

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 1

 neural axis. (iii) Direct tensile force. (iv) Maximum tensile force and location. (v) Maximum shear
stress and location. (December 2017)

5. The horizontal section of crane hook is symmetrical trapezium 120 mm deep, the inner width
being 90 mm and outer width being 30 mm. The hook is made of plain carbon steel 45C8 (S yt =
380 N/mm2) and the factor of safety is 3.5. Determine the load carrying capacity of the hook.
Also draw the crane hook and show the location at which maximum stress is acting. (May/June
2016)
6. Determine the maximum stress, if the direction of the load is reversed.

7. The crane hook carries a load of 20 kN, as shown in figure. The section at X-X is rectangular
whose horizontal side is 100 mm. Find the stresses in the inner and outer fibers at the given section

8. Determine the stresses at section X-X of the punch as shown in figure W = 2 kN.

9. A ring is made of a 5 cm diameter round bar as shown in figure. Calculate the stresses at point, A
and B.

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 UNIT-I B

DESIGN OF POWER TRANSMISSIONS SYSTEMS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. What is the selection criterion for rope drives? (May/June 2018)

2. Mention the advantages of chain drives over belt drives. (Dec 2018)
3. What is slip in the belt? (R13 Dec 2017)
4. What is creep in the belt? (R13 May/June 2017)
5. Mention the limitation of the belt drive (R13 Dec2016)
6. When chain drives are preferred over belt drives? Mention two applications for chain drive? (R13
May/June 2016 )

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. Design a flat belt drive for a fan running at 360 rpm which is driven by a 10 kW, 1440 rpm motor.
The belt drive is open type and space available for centre distance is 2 m approximately
(May/June 2018)
2. Design a belt drive pulley for transmitting 10 kW at 180 rpm. The velocity of the belt is not to
exceed 10 m/s and the maximum tension is not to exceed 15 N/mm width. The tension on the
slack is one half of that on the tight side. Determine: (i) Width of the pulley. (ii) Diameter of the
pulley. (Dec 2018)
3. Determine the optimum number wires and the wire diameter for the following use. It is required
for a mine hoist that 90 kN load is to be lifted from a depth of 200m with a starting acceleration
of 0.75 m/s2. Neglect the bending stress (R13 Dec 2017)
4. Design a flat belt drive for a fan running at 360 rpm which is driven by a 10 kW, 1440 rpm motor.
The belt drive is open type and space available for center distance is 2 m approximately. (R13
May/June 2017)
5. Design a V belt drive and calculate the actual belt tensions and average stress for the following
data. Diameter of driven = 500 mm, distance between the parallel shaft is 925 mm, speed of the
driver pulley is 1000 rpm, speed of the driven pulley is 300 rpm and the power to be transmitted is
7.5 kW. (R13 Dec2016)
6. Design a V-belt drive for the following specifications: 15 kW power from an electrical motor is to
be transmitted to industrial machinery. The speed ratio required is 3.5. The smaller pulley diameter
is 360 mm and its rotational speed is 1400 rpm. The distance between the shafts is 1.5 m. The
machinery produces mild shock to the belt drive during power transmission and working for one
shift per day. (R13 May/June 2016 )

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 3

 UNIT-II A

DESIGN OF MECHANICAL SPRINGS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. State the importance of following:

(i) Spring index in coil spring.(ii) Nipping in leaf spring (May/June 2018) (May/June 2016)
2. What do you understand by spring and mention some industrial applications? (Dec 2018)
3. Define spring. (R13 May/June 2017)
4. State any four important functions of spring. ( R13 Dec 2017)
5. Explain the terms „surge‟ in springs. (R13 Dec 2016)
6. What is Whal‟s correction factor? (R13 Dec2016)

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. It is required to design a helical compression spring with plain ends, made of cold drawn plain
carbon steel, for carrying a maximum pure static force of 1000 N. The ultimate tensile strength
and modulus of rigidity for spring material are 1430 N/mm2 and 85 N/mm2 respectively. The spring
rate is 48 N/mm. If the spring index is 5, determine: (i) Wire diameter. (ii) Total number of coils. (iii)
Free length. (iv) Pitch. Draw a neat sketch of spring with necessary dimensions. (May/June 2018)
2. A helical spring is made from a wire of 6 mm diameter and has outside diameter of 75 mm. If the
permissible shear stress is 350 N/mm2 and modulus of rigidity 84 kN/mm2, find the axial load which
the spring can carry and the deflection per active turn: (i) neglect the effect of curvature. (ii)
Considering the effect of curvature. (Dec 2018)
3. A compression spring made of alloy steel of coil diameter 75 mm and spring index 6.0, number of
active coil 20 is subjected to a load of 1.2 kN. Calculate: (i) The maximum stress developed in the
coil. (ii) The deflection produced. (iii) The spring rate. (R13 May/June 2017)
4. Design a semi elliptical locomotive spring of 1 m length to sustain a load of 125 kN at its center.
The central band is 85 mm width. The spring should have 12 leaves maximum. Use a factor of
safety as 3 in design. The total spring depth should not exceed 3 times of the width. (R13
December 2017)
5. It is required to design a helical compression spring with plain ends, made of cold drawn plain
carbon steel, for carrying a maximum pure static force of 1000 N. The ultimate tensile strength
and modulus of rigidity for spring material are 1430 N/mm2 and 85 N/mm2 respectively. The spring
rate is 48 N/mm. If spring index is 5, determine: (i) Wire diameter. (ii) Total number of coils. (iii) Free
length and (iv) Pitch. Draw a neat sketch of spring with necessary dimensions. (R13 Dec 2016)
6. Design a valve spring for an automobile engine when engine valve is closed, the spring
produces a force of 44 N and when valve open, produces a force of 54 N. The spring must fit
over the valve bush which has an outside diameter of 20 mm and must go inside a space of 35
mm. The lift of the valve is 6 mm. The spring index is 12. The allowable stress may be taken as 325
N/mm2. Modulus of rigidity may be assumed as 80 × 103 N/mm2.(R13 May/June 2016)

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 4

 UNIT-II B

DESIGN OF POWER SCREWS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. What is a self-locking screw? (OR) In what condition, a power screw will become a self-locking
screw. (May/June 2018)
2. Differentiate between differential screw and compound screw(Dec 2018)
3. What is the difference between bolt and screw? (R13May/June 2017)
4. Define threaded point. (R13 Dec 2017)
ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. A lead screw of a lathe has Acme threads of 50 mm outside diameter and 8 mm pitch. It drives
the tool carriage and exerts an axial pressure of 2500 N. A collar bearing with outside diameter
110 mm, and inside diameter 55 mm is provided to take up the thrust. If the lead screw rotates at
30 rpm. Find: i)The power required to drive screw. ii) The efficiency of the power screw. Assume a
coefficient of friction of 0.15 for power screw and 0.12 for the collar. (May/June 2018)
2. A double threaded power screw, used for lifting the load, has a nominal diameter of 30 mm and
pitch of 5 mm. The coefficient of friction at the screw threads is 0.16, neglecting the collar friction,
calculate: (i) Efficiency of the screw with square threads. (ii) Efficiency with ACME threads. (Dec
2018)
3. A 30 mm single start ACME power screw of 6 mm pitch has a thrust bearing of 40 mm mean
diameter. The thread and bearing coefficients of friction are 0.15 and 0.1 respectively. (i)
Estimate the torque required to raise a load of 200 kN. (ii) If the screw rotates at 2 Hz, determine
the combined efficiency. (iii) Thread is lubricated to reduce the friction. (R13May/June 2017)
4. The lead screw of a lathe has ACME threads of 50 mm outside diameter and 8 mm pitch. The
screw must exert an axial pressure of 2500 N in order to drive the tool carriage. The thrust is
carried on a collar 110 mm outside diameter and 55 mm inside diameter and the lead screw
rotates at 30 rpm. Determine the power required to drive the screw. Assume the coefficient of
friction of 0.15 for screw and 0.12 for the collar. (R13 Dec 2017)
5. The lead screw of a lathe has Acme threads of 50 mm outside diameter and 8 mm pitch. It drives
the tool carriage and exerts an axial pressure of 2500 N. A collar bearing with outside diameter
110 mm and inside diameter 55 mm is provided to take up the thrust. If the lead screw rotates at
30 rpm. Find: (i) the power required to drive screw. (ii) The efficiency of the power screw. Assume
a coefficient of friction of 0.15 for power screw and 0.12 for the collar. (R13 Decr 2016)
6. The following data applies to the C-clamp shown in figure:
Pitch of the single start square thread is 2 mm
The outside diameter of the thread is 12 mm.
The coefficient of thread friction is 0.12, Coefficient of collar friction is 0.25.
The mean collar radius is 6.5 mm, Load acting on the clamp is 2500 N.
The operator exerts a force of 45 N at end of the handle.
Find: (a) What is the length of handle L? (b) What is the maximum shear stress
in the body of the screw and where does this exist? (c) What is the bearing
pressure p, on the threads?(R13 May/June 2016)

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 5

 UNIT-III
DESIGN OF BEARINGS
JOURNAL BEARINGS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Explain the following terms as applied to journal bearing:
i)Bearing modulus and (ii) Bearing characteristic number.( May/June 2018)
2. List the important physical characteristics of a good bearing material.( May/June 2018)
3. What are the commonly used materials for sliding contact bearings?(Dec/Jan 2018/19)
4. Explain wedge film and squeeze film journal bearings. (Dec/Jan 2018/19)
5. On what factors does the characteristics number of hydrodynamic bearing depend? (R13 Dec
2017)
6. State the units of dynamic and kinematic viscosity in SI units.(R13 May/June 2017)
7. What are the effects of clearance on the performance of a bearing? ( R13Dec 2016)
8. State the hydrodynamic action in the journal bearings using neat sketches. ( R13 May/June 2016)
9. Distinguish between “Hydrodynamic” and “Hydrostatic Bearings” with figures
10. What are the different bearing materials?
11. Describe the various stages of friction in the case of plain bearings.
12. Explain squeeze film lubrication

PROBLEMS
1. A journal bearing, 100 mm in diameter and 150 mm long, carries a radial load of 7 kN at 1200
rpm. The diametral clearance is 0.075 mm. Find the viscosity of the oil being used at the
operating temp, if 1.2 kW power is wasted in friction. (May/June 2018) (R13 May/June 2017)
2. Design a journal bearing for centrifugal pump from the following data:
Load on the journal = 20 kN
Speed of the journal = 900 rpm
Type of oil SAE 10 for which absolute viscosity at 55℃=17 centipoises
Ambient temperature of oil = 15.5℃
Maximum bearing pressure for the pump = 1.5 N/mm2
Calculate also the mass of the lubricating oil required for artificial cooling to rise in temperature
of the oil limited to 10℃. Heat dissipation coefficient = 12.2 kN/m2/℃ (Dec/Jan 2018/19)
3. A bearing 50 mm in diameter and 75 mm in length supports a overhanging shaft running at 900
rpm. The room temperature is 30o C and the bearing temperature is 75oC. The viscosity of the oil
used is 0.012 kg/m-s at the operating temperature of 120oC. The diametral clearance is 0.05 mm
and the bearing is still air, without any artificial cooling. Determine the permissible load on the
bearing and power loss. (R13 Dec 2017)
4. A full journal bearing of 50 mm diameter and 100 mm long has a bearing pressure of 1.4 N/mm2.
The speed of the journal is 900 rpm and the ratio of journal diameter to the diametral clearance
is 1000. The bearing is lubricated with oil whose absolute viscosity at the operating temperature
of 75°C may be taken as 0.011 kg/m-s. The room temperature is 35°C. Find: (i) The amount of
artificial cooling required. (ii) The mass of the lubricating oil required, if the difference between
the outlet and inlet temperature of the oil is 10°C. Take specific heat of the oil as 1850 J/kg/°C. (
R13 Dec 2016)
5. A 100 MW turbine, rated at speed of 1800 rpm has two 225 mm by 450 mm bearings. The pressure
on these bearing is slightly below 0.7 MN/m2. The temperature of the bearings is 80°C and the oil
temperature is 95°C when oil similar to SAE 40 is used. The clearance is 0.002 mm per mm of
journal diameter. Considering the bearing to be an average industrial bearing, determine
whether artificial cooling is used on this turbine bearing and if so, the approximate amount of
DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 6
 heat per minute to be dissipated by the bearing cooling medium if the room temperature is 25°C
(R13 May/June 2016)

ROLLING CONTACT BEARINGS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. What are the static and dynamic load ratings? (R13 Dec 2017)
2. How the bearing life is calculated? (R13 May/June 2017)
3. What are the four parts of a ball bearing? ( R13Dec 2016)
4. Give the applications of self-aligning ball bearings. ( R13 May/June 2016)
5. How is rolling contact bearing are manufactured?

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. Select a ball bearing to carry satisfactorily a 65 kN radial load together with 10 kN of thrust load.
The journal supported by the bearing rotates at 1400 rpm for an estimated 0.1 million hours of life.
The journal diameter is 100 mm. (May/June 2018)
2. Specify suitable materials for ball bearing components and give reasons for their selection. Select
a ball bearing for a drilling machine spindle rotating about 2000 rpm. It is subjected to an axial
load of 1.5 kN and a radial load of 3 kN. It has to work for 50 hours per week for two years. Take
diameter of the spindle as 45 mm. Also calculate the actual life of the selected bearing
(Dec/Jan 2018/19) . ( R13 May/June 2016)
3. A single row deep groove ball bearing is used to support the lay shaft of a four speed
automobile gear box. It is subjected to following loads in respective speeds ratios

The lay shaft is fixed to the engine shaft and rotates at 1750 rpm. The static and dynamic load
carrying capacities of the bearing are 11600 and 17600 N respectively. The bearing is expected
to be in use for 4000 hr of operation. Find out the reliability with which the life could be expected
(R13 Dec 2017)
4. A 310 deep groove ball bearing has a work cycle with 1000 rpm for one third of the time, 2000
rpm for the next one third of the time and 4000 rpm, for the last one third of the time. The outer
race of the bearing rotates. Assume light shock condition. The radial load is 3.5 kN and axial load
is 2 kN. (R13 May/June 2017)
5. A shaft rotating at constant speed is subjected to variable load. The bearings supporting the
shaft are subjected to stationary equivalent radial load of 3 kN for 10 per cent of time, 2 kN for 20
per cent of time, 1 kN for 30 per cent of time and no load for remaining time of cycle. If the total
life expected for the bearing is 20 × 106 revolutions at 95 per cent reliability, calculate dynamic
load rating of the ball bearing. ( R13Dec 2016)
6. A bearing is required for a 35 mm shaft. It is to operate for 8 hrs per day. 5 days per week for 5
years and is to carry a stationary radial load of 2250 N at 1500 rpm, inner ring rotating. There is a
possibility of light shock. Select a suitable bearing
7. Find the “Rating Life” of the 50 mm bore, light series ball journal bearing under 6800 N radial load
at 600 rpm. The load is out of balance and therefore rotates with inner ring. There is no shocking
load.

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 7

 UNIT-IV

DESIGN OF SPUR & HELICAL GEARS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Write expressions for static limiting wear load, dynamic load for gear tooth of spur gear. Explain
various terms used there in. (May/June 2018)
2. Explain the following terms used in helical gears
Helix angle, axial pitch. (May/June 2018)
3. What are the various forces acting on a spur gear? (Dec/Jan 2018/19)
4. Explain the following terms used in helical gears: (i) Normal pitch. (ii) Normal module(Dec/Jan
2018/19)
5. If the module of a spur gear is reduced to half, the gear bending stress will be _____(R13 Dec 2017)
6. Define module and PCD (R13 Dec 2017)
7. Define module. (R13 May/June 2017)
8. State any two assumptions made in the derivation of Lewis equation. (R13 May/June 2017)
9. List the types of gear materials. (R13 Dec 2016)
10. What gear tooth profiles are commonly used in real time applications? (R13 Dec 2016)
11. When are nonmetallic gears preferred? Give some applications for non-metallic gears. (R13
May/June 2016)
12. When do you prefer helical gears than spur gears? Mention one application for each type of
helical gear. (R13 May/June 2016)

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. A pair of spur gears transmitted power from motor to pump impeller shaft is to be designed with
as small centre distance as possible. The forged steel pinion (𝑆0=160 𝑀N /𝑚𝑚2) is to transmit 45 kW
at 600 rpm to a cast steel gear (𝑆0=100 𝑀N /𝑚𝑚2) with a transmission ratio 9/2 to 1, and 20° full
depth involute teeth are to be used. Determine the necessary face width and module.
(May/June 2018)
2. A pair of helical gears with a 23° helix angle is to transmit 2.5 kW at 100000 rpm of the pinion. The
velocity ratio of 4:1. Both the gears are made of hardened steel with an allowable stress (𝑆0=100
𝑀N /𝑚𝑚2) for each gear. The gears are 20° stub and the pinion is to have 24 teeth. Determine the
minimum-diameter gear that may be used, and the required BHN. (May/June 2018)
3. Design a pair of spur gears to transmit 20 kW from a shaft rotating at 1000 rpm to a parallel shaft,
which rotates at 310 rpm. Assume number of teeth on pinion 31 and 20° full depth tooth form.
The material for the pinion is C-45 steel untreated and for gear cast steel 0.2% C untreated.
(Dec/Jan 2018/19)
4. A pair of helical gears consists of 24 teeth pinion meshing with 72 teeth gear. Normal pressure
angle is 20° and helix angle is 24°. The pinion rotates at 720 rpm. Normal module of the gear is 5
mm and face width is 50 mm. Both the pinion and gear are made of steel with 𝜎𝑢𝑡=600 𝑀𝑃𝑎.
Gears are heat treated to a surface hardness of 360 BHN. What power can be transmitted by
gears if service factor is 1.4 and factor of safety is 2? Assume that velocity factor accounts for the
dynamic load. (Dec/Jan 2018/19)
5. A bronze spur pinion rotating at 600 r.p.m drives a cast iron spur gear at a transmission ratio of 4:1.
The allowable static stresses for the bronze pinion and cast iron gear are 84 MPa and 105 MPa
respectively. The pinion has 16 standard 20o full depth involute teeth of module 8 mm. The face
width of both the gears is 90 mm. Find the power that can be transmitted from the standpoint of
strength. ( R13 Dec 2017)

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 8

6. A motor shaft rotating at 1500 r.p.m. has to transmit 15 kW to a low speed shaft with a speed
reduction of 3:1. The teeth are 14 1/2 involute with 25 teeth on the pinion. Both the pinion and
gear are made of steel with a maximum safe stress of 200 MPa. A safe stress of 40 MPa may be
taken for the shaft on which the gear is mounted and for the key. Design a spur gear drive to suit
the above conditions. Also sketch the spur gear drive. Assume starting torque to be 25% higher
than the running torque. ( R13 May/June 2017)
7. Design a spur gear drive to transmit a power of 8 kW at pinion speed of 746 rpm. The speed ratio
is 2. The gears are made of C45 steel. ( R13 Dec 2016)
8. A compressor running at 350 rpm is driven by 5 kW, 1400 rpm motor through 20° full depth spur
gears. The motor pinion is to be of C30 forged steel hardened and tempered, and the driven
gear is to be of cast iron grade 35. Assuming medium shock condition, design the gear drive
completely. Take minimum number of teeth is 18 for the pinion. The gears are working for one
shift per day in an industrial atmosphere and to work for two years before their replacement. (R13
May/June 2016)
9. A pair of helical gears are to transmit 25 kW. The teeth are 20o stub in diametral plane and have
a helix angle of 45o. The pinion runs at 10000 r.p.m and has 80 mm pitch diameter. The gear has
320 mm pitch diameter. If the gears are made of cast steel having allowable static strength of
100 MPa; determine suitable module and face width from static strength considerations and
check the gears for wear, given σes = 600 MPa.. ( R13 Dec 2017)
10. A helical cast steel gear with 30o helix angle has to transmit 35 kW at 1500 r.p.m. If the gear has
24 teeth, determine the necessary module, pitch diameter and face width for 20 full depth teeth.
The static stress for cast steel may be taken as 56 MPa. The width of face may be taken as 3
times the normal pitch. What would be the end thrust on the gear? The tooth factor for 20 full

depth involute gear may be taken as where TE represents the equivalent

number of teeth. ( R13 May/June 2017)
11. A pair of helical gears is to transmit a power of 15 kW. The teeth are 20º stub in diametral plane
and have helix angle of 45º. The pinion runs at 10,000 rpm and has 80 mm pitch diameter. The
gear has 320 mm pitch diameter. If the gears are made of cast steel having allowable static
strength of 100 MPa; determine a suitable module and face width from static strength
considerations and check the gears for wear assuming σes = 618 MPa. ( R13 Dec 2016)
12. A pair of helical gears in a milling machine is used to transmit 4.5 kW at 1000 rpm of the pinion
and the velocity ratio is 3:1. The helix angle of the gear is 15o and both gears are made of steel
C45. The gears are 20o FDI and the pinion is to have minimum of 20 teeth. The gear is to work 8
hrs/day for 3 years. Design the helical gears. Take the required hardness for both gears is more
than 350 BHN. (R13 May/June 2016)

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 UNIT –V

DESIGN OF I.C. ENGINE PARTS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. State the function of the following for an IC engine piston:

2. Piston rings. (ii) Piston skirt (May/June 2018)
3. Explain the various types of cylinder liners (May/June 2018)
4. State the function of the following for an IC engine piston: (i) Ribs. (ii) Piston pin(Dec/Jan 2018/19)
5. Explain the various stresses induced in the connecting rod(Dec/Jan 2018/19)
6. Draw a neat sketch of piston. (R13 May/June 2017)
7. Name some commonly used piston materials. (R13 May/June 2017)
8. What are crank shaft bearings? (R13 Dec 2016)
9. I cross section is preferred for connecting rods. Justify I section requirement. (R13 May/June 2016)
10. Name the various types of cranks shafts and state the various stresses induced in these crank
shafts. (R13 May/June 2016)
11. What is the function of a connecting rod? (R13 Dec 2017)
12. What is the purpose of piston rings used in piston? (R13 Dec 2017)

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. Design the cylinder and cylinder liner of a four stroke diesel engine which has the following
specifications: Maximum gas pressure = 3500 kN/m2, break power = 6.5 kW at 800 rpm, average 1
MEP = 525 kN/m2, mechanical efficiency = 78%, allowable strength of cylinder material = 75
N/mm2, allowable strength of cylinder liner material = 130 N/mm2, allowable strength of bolt
material = 75 N/mm2, increase in temperature = 130℃.(May/June 2018)
2. Design an over hung crank for the following data maximum load on the crank pin when the
crank and the connecting rod are at right angle is 44000 N. The crank radius is 16 mm and the
distance between centers of crank pin and main bearing is 24 cm. The crank pin is hydraulically
pressed in the position and web is keyed to the crank shaft. Design the crank pin and the web
makes a tension of 5000 N/mm2 in shear, bearing pressure of the crank pin 700 N/mm2.
(May/June 2018)
3. Design piston head and piston barrel for aluminium alloy piston with two compression rings and
one oil ring for a petrol engine of following particulars:
Cylinder diameter = 0.1 m
Peak gas pressure = 3.2 MPa
Mean effective pressure = 0.8 MPa
Average side thrust = 2400 N
Skirt bearing pressure = 0.22 MPa
Bending stress in piston crown = 36 MPa
Crown temperature difference = 70℃
Heat dissipated through crown = 157 kJ/m2s
Allowable radial pressure = 0.04 MPa
Bending stress in rings = 90 MPa
Heat conductivity = 160 W/m/℃. (Dec/Jan 2018/19)
4. An automobile diesel engine has a cylinder bore of 125 mm and a connecting rod of 300 mm
length. The maximum pressure acting on the piston is 7 MN/m2. Design: (i) The size of the piston.
(ii) The suitable I-section for the middle of the connecting rod. Mention the materials of which
each of the above parts is made(Dec/Jan 2018/19)

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5. Design the I section connecting rod for a single cylinder IC engine; using the following
specifications:
Diameter of the piston = 100 mm; Mass of the reciprocating parts = 2.25 kg
Length of the connecting rod = 300 mm; Stroke length = 125 mm; speed = 1500 rpm
Maximum explosion pressure = 3.5 MPa; Compression ratio = 7; Factor of safety = 7
Density of the rod material = 8000 kg/m3; Yield stress in compression = 330 MPa. (R13 May/June
2017)
6. Design a I-section of a connecting rod for an I.C engine using the following data:
Piston diameter = 125 mm ; Stroke = 150 mm ; Length of connecting rod = 300 mm
Gas pressure = 5 N/mm2 ; Speed of engine = 1200 rpm ;
Factor of safety = 5 and material is steel 35 NiCr60. (R13 Dec 2016)
7. A connecting rod for a high speed IC engine uses following data:
Cylinder bore = 125 mm; Length of CR = 300 mm; Maximum gas pressure = 3.5 MPa
Length of stroke = 125 mm; Mass of the reciprocating parts = 1.6 kg; Engine speed = 2200 rpm
Calculate: (i) Size of cross section of the connection rod. (ii) Sizes of the big and small end
bearings. (R13 May/June 2016)
8. Determine the diameter of the piston rod for a engine. The diameter of the cylinder is 750 mm
the greatest difference between steam pressures on the two sides of the piston is 0.25 N/mm2.
The rod is made of mild steel and is secured to the piston by a tapered rod and nut, and the
cross head by a cotter. Assume modulus of elasticity as 2 X 10 5 MPa and factor of safety as 7.
Length of the rod may be taken as 1.6m. (R13 Dec 2017)
9. Design a C.I. piston for a 4 stroke IC engine with the following specifications;
Cylinder bore = 90 mm; stroke length = 100 mm; maximum gas pressure = 4 MPa
Indicated mean effective pressure = 0.75 MPa; mechanical efficiency = 80%
Fuel consumption = 0.15 kg per BHP hour; higher calorific value of the fuel = 32 x 103 kJ/kg;
Speed 150 r.p.m. (R13 May/June 2017)
10. Design a cast iron piston for a single acting four stroke engine for the following data:
Cylinder bore = 100 mm; Stroke = 125 mm; Maximum gas pressure = 5 N/mm2
Indicated mean effective pressure = 0.75 N/mm; Mechanical efficiency = 80%
Fuel consumption = 0.15 kg per brake power per hour; Higher calorific value of fuel = 42 × 103
kJ/kg ,Speed = 2000 rpm; Tensile stress for cast iron (σt) = 38 MPa. Any other data required for the
design may be assumed. (R13 Dec 2016)
11. The following data is given for the piston of a four stroke diesel engine:
Cylinder bore = 250 mm; Material of piston rings = Gray cast iron; Allowable tensile
stress=100N/mm2; Allowable radial pressure on cylinder wall = 0.03 MPa ; Thickness of piston head
= 42 mm and No of piston rings = 4 ; Calculate: (i) Radial with of piston rings. (ii) Axial thickness of
piston rings. (iii) Gap between the ends of piston rings before and after assembly. (iv) Width of
the top land. (v) Width of the ring grooves. (vi) Thickness of the piston barrel and thickness of the
barrel open end. (R13 May/June 2016)

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II Prepared by: Dr.S.L.V.Prasad Page 11