1. The document discusses topics related to biochemistry and biotechnology, including microbial growth phases, enzymes, amino acids, theories of enzyme action, methods to reduce microorganisms, cellular structures, fatty acids, genetic engineering techniques, and enzyme kinetics.
2. Key areas covered are the lag, logarithmic, stationary, and decline phases of microbial growth; enzymes involved in digestion; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids; techniques to reduce microorganisms like pasteurization and sterilization; cellular structures like mitochondria; and enzyme inhibition kinetics models.
3. The document provides information on various biochemical and biotechnological concepts, processes, and techniques.
1. The document discusses topics related to biochemistry and biotechnology, including microbial growth phases, enzymes, amino acids, theories of enzyme action, methods to reduce microorganisms, cellular structures, fatty acids, genetic engineering techniques, and enzyme kinetics.
2. Key areas covered are the lag, logarithmic, stationary, and decline phases of microbial growth; enzymes involved in digestion; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids; techniques to reduce microorganisms like pasteurization and sterilization; cellular structures like mitochondria; and enzyme inhibition kinetics models.
3. The document provides information on various biochemical and biotechnological concepts, processes, and techniques.
1. The document discusses topics related to biochemistry and biotechnology, including microbial growth phases, enzymes, amino acids, theories of enzyme action, methods to reduce microorganisms, cellular structures, fatty acids, genetic engineering techniques, and enzyme kinetics.
2. Key areas covered are the lag, logarithmic, stationary, and decline phases of microbial growth; enzymes involved in digestion; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids; techniques to reduce microorganisms like pasteurization and sterilization; cellular structures like mitochondria; and enzyme inhibition kinetics models.
3. The document provides information on various biochemical and biotechnological concepts, processes, and techniques.
1. The document discusses topics related to biochemistry and biotechnology, including microbial growth phases, enzymes, amino acids, theories of enzyme action, methods to reduce microorganisms, cellular structures, fatty acids, genetic engineering techniques, and enzyme kinetics.
2. Key areas covered are the lag, logarithmic, stationary, and decline phases of microbial growth; enzymes involved in digestion; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids; techniques to reduce microorganisms like pasteurization and sterilization; cellular structures like mitochondria; and enzyme inhibition kinetics models.
3. The document provides information on various biochemical and biotechnological concepts, processes, and techniques.
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Biochem/biotech
1. The early period of growth where the organism adjusts 10. These are DNA or RNA coated protein that may or to its new environment. may not be considered as living things.
a. lag phase b. logarithmic phase a. virus b. algae
c. stationary phase d. decline phase c. bacteria d. protozoa
2. The enzyme in the stomach is ________ 11. Materials in which microorganisms are grown in a laboratory are a. papase b. urease a. enzymes b. culture media c. bromelis d. pepsin c. substrates d. nutrients 3. A basic amino acid is 12. Organism that grows or uses CO2 as its principal a. serine b. cysteine carbon source. c.lysine d. alanine a. aerobe b. mesophile 4. It states that there is topographical, structural c. autotroph d. heterotroph compatibility between enzyme and its substrate 13. The yeast generated during the fermentation of beer is a. Lock and Key Theory b. Michaelis – Menten Model generally separated by c. Briggs - Haldane Model d. Compatibility Theory a. centrifugation b. filtration 5. Method of reducing the number of viable c. cell disruption d. all of these microorganism from a product (such as milk or beverage) to extend its shelf – life. 14. In genetic engineering, a chimera is
a. Fermentation b. Disinfection a. an enzyme that links DNA molecules
c. Pasteurization d. Sterilization b. a plasmid that contains foreign DNA
6. The absence of detectable levels of viable organisms in c. a virus that infects bacteria a medium or gas d. a fungus a. Fermentation b. Disinfection 15. The deliberate modifications of an organism’s genetic c. Pasteurization d. Sterilization information by directly changing its nucleic acid content is a subject matter of 7. The process to reduce the number of viable pathogenic microorganisms where they can no longer infect. a. genetic engineering b. population genetics
a. Fermentation b. Disinfection c. microbiology d. protein engineering
c. Pasteurization d. Sterilization 16. Which of the ff. is obtained using processed mRNA molecules as a template? 8. The power house of a cell is called __________. a. rDNA b. mDNA a. Nucleus b. Mitochondria c. cDNA d. tDNA c. Lysosome d. Cytoplasm 17. What is the normal role of restriction endonucleases in 9. Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid? bacterial cells? a. linoleic acid b. palmitic acid a. To degrade the bacterial chromosome into small pieces c. oleic acid d. arachidonic acid during replication
b. To degrade invading phase DNA
Biochem/biotech
c. To produce RNA primers for replication 25. Which of the ff. abnormality, resulted from the inheritance of an unbalanced complement of chromosomes d. all of the above can be diagnosed through karyotyping? 18. What are different substrates used for ethanol a. Down’s syndrome b. Turner’s syndrome production? c. Klinefelter’s syndrome d. all of these a. starch containing substrate b. juices from sugarcane or molasses or sugar beet 26. Which of the ff. is not a source of energy in active c. waste product from wood or processed muscle cells? d. all of the above a. creatine phosphate b. ATP 19. Yeast is used in the production of c. lactic acid d. glucose a. ethyl alcohol b. acetic acid 27. Which of the ff. is the technique used for the embryo c. cheese d. curd culture?
20. Excess CO2 suppress cell growth and productivity by a. organ cultures on plasma clots
a. inhibiting respiration b. organ cultures on agar
b. altering intracellular pH by diffusing across cell membrane c. whole embryo cultures c. both a and b d. all of these d. altering pH of the medium 28. C 21. What is the effect of excess accumulation of metabolite products (lactate and ammonium) on cells? Which of the ff. is the process of choosing parent organisms for the characteristics that is wanted in their a. they act as growth promoters offspring? b. they act as growth inhibitors c. have no effect on cells a. active selection b. reproductive selection d. lactate helps in the growth while ammonium inhibits the growth c. selective breeding d. breeding selection
22. What is the concentration of CO2 required for 29. B
culturing animal cells? Which of the ff. is the word used to describe what a. 2 – 5 % b. 1 – 10 % happens when the nucleus of a sperm joins with the nucleus of an egg cell? c. 15 – 20 % d. 15 – 20 % a. sex b. fertilization 23. Which of the ff. are the metabolic products of glucose and glutamine? c. intercourse d. reproduction
a. CO2 and NH3 b. CO2 and lactate 30. For the transfer of whole individual chromosomes, they are isolated from cells at c. lactate and ammonium d. lactate only a. prophase b. metaphase 24. What are the main constituents of culture for animal cell growth? c. telophase d. anaphase
a. glucose and glutamine b. growth factors 31. Linear inhibition is sometimes called as
c. cytokines d. all of these a. complete inhibition b. incomplete inhibition
c. partial inhibition d. mixed inhibition
32. B Biochem/biotech
The effect of non – competitive inhibition on a 36. A classical uncompetitive inhibitor is a compound that Lineweaver – burk plot is that binds
a. it can move the entire curve to the right a. reversibly to the enzyme substrate complex yielding an inactive ESI complex b. it can change the y – intercept b. irreversibly to the enzyme substrate complex yielding an inactive ESI complex c. it can change the x – intercept c. reversibly to the enzyme substrate complex yielding an d. all of these active ESI complex d. irreversibly to the enzyme substrate complex yielding 33. The rate determining step of Michaelis Menten an active ESI complex kinetics is
a. complex formation step 37. Enzymes are basically
b. complex dissociation step to produce product a. proteins b. vitamins
c. product formation step c. fat d. carbohydrates
d. both a and c 38. The oxygen transfer rate in a bioreactor will increase if 34. Which of the ff. statements is true for enzymatically catalyzed reaction? a. oil is added b. antifoam is added
a. the activation energy of the reaction is lowered so that a c. detergent like molecules are added larger proportion of the substrate qualifies to overcome it d. increase in the reactor temperature b. additional substrate molecules are energized to 39. Which of the ff. impellers are used for wide range of overcome the activation energy of the reaction viscosities? c. the activation energy of the reaction is increased, thus a. paddles b. turbines decreasing the likelihood that any substrate molecules will overcome it c. propellers d. none of these d. the activation energy of the reaction is lowered so that a 40. When the height of an aerated bioreactor is increased, fewer molecules can overcome it it will increase the oxygen transfer rate by 35. Which of the ff. common drugs is not a specific a. increasing the partial pressure of oxygen at the base of enzyme inhibitor? the reactor b. decreasing the saturation concentration of oxygen in the a. iodine b. methotrexate reactor c. decreasing the gas hold – up c. sulfanilamide d. penicillin d. all of the above 35. In a Lineweaver – Burk plot, competitive inhibitor shows which of the ff. effect?
