PEDESTRIAN COMMUTER

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MANAGEMENT PLAN
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TAXI
 FORT MANAGEMENT
PLAN
2007-2010
A PARTICIPATORY DESIGN
APPROACH

Funded by the generous support of

Institute of Financial Management and Research, Chennai.
 PREFACE

Since 1993, the Urban Design Research Institute (UDRI) The areas of study though highly interdependent can be broadly Solutions that have no relevance to the Fort have been left out to on some of the major issues that impact the Fort.
has been engaged in several community based improvement categorised into four aspects. prevent a confusion of ideas from taking over the clarity of the These documents are:
initiatives that have resulted in restoration of heritage structures • Heritage Management proposal.
and implementation of legislative protection in Mumbai’s historic • Open Spaces 1) Planning and Design Guidelines for Street Furniture, Manual
neighbourhoods. However, civic infrastructure in the area remains • Solid Waste Management This report attempts to present the logic behind each of these published in 2001 by the MCGM
greatly overburdened, thus limiting the success of conservation • Traffic and Transport recommendations clearly and succinctly so that those in charge 2) Planning and Design Guidelines for Signage Systems for the
efforts. In addition to its importance at a level of urban planning, of implementing it on the ground can clearly understand the streets of Mumbai, published in 2001 by MCGM
Fort precinct maintains significance as the Central Business Recommendations for Heritage Management have been compiled rationale behind each idea and are in a position to make a
District and in the cultural formation of Bombay (Mumbai) as a 3) Dr Dadabhai Naoroji Road, Mumbai- Design Handbook
as a set of Draft Special Development Control Regulations independent decisions to suit the various ground situation they
metropolis. (DCR) for the Fort area. These have been forwarded to the will encounter. It is felt that this is a very important aspect of the Heritage Streetscape. Guidelines for Street Furniture and Signage,
Maharashtra Heritage Conservation Committee for review and recommendations as often implementation gets held up due to published by MMR-Heritage Conservation Society, Abha Narain
The Fort Management Plan was first initiated by the UDRI comment. It is intended that the Special DCR’s will form an the inability to make a decision. Lambah
in 2003 as a natural progression to its area wise studies of the integral part of the new Development Plan for Mumbai that is
4) Fort management plan Special development control regulations
various fort precincts and heritage building surveys started in currently being prepared by MCGM (Municipal Corporation of The power to make decisions needs to lie as close as possible to
the 1990. (For a detailed list of project undertaken by UDRI in Greater Mumbai. Draft prepared in2008 by UDRI
the officer or worker in charge of the actual implementation of
the fort please refer Annex A ) This project undertaken by the the idea and should be referred upwards to his superior only 5) Practically Feasible and Economically Viable Method of
Urban Design Research Institute is primarily a spatial exercise The three other aspects of the Management plan were studied in cases where there are multiple decision makers involved. Disposal of Plastic Waste generated in Greater Mumbai and
which however will often need the help of law enforcement in through a physical surveys of the fort conducted with the help of However, even in such cases, the implementing officers and major cities of Maharashtra.
order to ensure that these usage patterns can be established in its students from the Bharathi Vidyapeeths College of Architecture. workers should be given direct access to his contemporaries in
initial stages and then maintained thereafter. However it is hoped These ground surveys were conducted in May 2009 by a group Report prepared for Maharshtra Pollution Control Board by Eco
other departments so that the matter can be resolved at his or
that once he efficacy of the usage pattern is understood and all of 50 students. The analysis of the ground situation led to her level without a need for escalation. This will also encourage friend and co 2009 available at the URL:http://mpcb.gov.in/
stakeholders understand the value of cooperating the pattern will identification of issue that needed to be addressed as follows- the spirit of interdepartmental co-operation and communication images/pdf/plasticreport.pdf
be self regulated. essential for the smooth maintenance of a city.
• The design of pedestrian footpaths These guidelines also may need to be updated but should be used
It is noted that many of these issues will have many stakeholders • Locating and designing bus stops These recommendations do not attempt to re-invent the wheel. as the basis for further design re-working.
often with conflicting opinions on what constitutes “ The greater • The taxi system We recommend that interested stakeholders should also refer to We look forward to presenting this recommendation for your
good” or perhaps unwilling to even place the greater good ahead • Traffic interchange nodes the following documents that provide detailed design guidance debate and comment and welcome any insights that you might
of their own needs. These issues can only be resolved through • Introduction of a Fort Circulator have to offer in order to make this plan more affective. At the end
dialogue and a sincere attempt to understand what the needs of • Pedestrian Crossings of this process we hope to have the wholehearted support and
each stakeholder are and the benefits and services their presence • Parking Management cooperation of all of the stakeholders in order to affect a smooth
and views provide. We are sure that all proposed solutions in this • Pedestrian streets and parking streets implementation of the Fort Management Plan.
document will be subjected to some debate and the proposal will • Hawking guidelines
itself have to be modified based on the greater understanding • Social Amenities: toilets, water fountains, seating
reached between different stakeholders. Therefore this document • Signage and Way finding
is tentative and open for suggestion and objection from all parties. • Solid waste management
It is hoped that through the mechanism of this document we will
be able to have a rational and cooperative discussion that will The recommendations for each of these topics were created by
embody democratic principles for ALL of the users of the vibrant looking at other solutions worldwide and gleaning from them
heritage precinct of Fort. those that might be usefully applicable to our own situation.

i ii
 SCOPE

Designated Open Spaces and Integral fountains, parking, pavements, trees and even shading. Through interchanges between different modes of transport. Signage and Collaborators
this mapping we hoped to be able to understand how spaces were way finding also becomes a factor affecting the ability to navigate The Federation of Residents Trusts(FORT) are the key stake-
open spaces being used and if these could be improved. These have then been through the fort area.
The study of public spaces is interesting because it is in public holders who are driving force for the implementation of the
used to formulate a set of recommendations. recommendations presented in this document.
spaces that worlds collide, religions meet, castes intersect,
and where centuries rub up against each other. These are the Heritage Management
spaces that make the city what it is today, a beautiful, vibrant Solid Waste Management In providing recommendations and designing for the fort it is
cosmopolitan place but also the place where contradictions in In considering Solid Waste management the primary question necessary to be aware of heritage buildings and to keep in mind
city society are painfully revealed—there are no closed doors. was how to put in place a neighbourhood level waste management the need to enhance their heritage value. This may be done by
These are the contested spaces in which conflicting aspirations, system that would handle as much of the waste generated in an providing strategically located public and pedestrian spaces in
livelihoods, ideals and needs come head to head. internal disposal loop thereby reducing the burden on landfills front of them and clearing such spaces of obstructions wherever
and centralised waste disposal systems. In order to do this it was practically feasible. Also urban design solutions would have to fit
So what is Public Space in Mumbai? We have often seen public necessary to understand the existing garbage collection systems the context of the heritage precincts in their detailing and use of
space through the narrow lens of a particularly metropolitan and the causes of their adequacy or inadequacies. Though the materials.
modality. We recognize wide open spaces, shaded gardens, MCGM operates an exhausting schedule of street sweeping
fountains and recreational grounds as public space. These are and garbage pickup, this is seen to be inadequate to service the
the spaces that for some make Mumbai a bearable and beautiful area. This study will attempt to address this issue through a
A Pedestrian Priority Policy
At the very outset it is necessary to state that this document is
modern city. For some Mumbaiker’s it is the loss of these participatory dialogue between all the stakeholders in the garbage
based on the premise that pedestrians will have priority over all
designated open spaces that characterize—to some extent—the disposal process. In order to kick start this dialogue, the UDRI
other transport. The pedestrian is the most important person
decline of Mumbai. has put together a set of recommendations.
to design for in order to make this city livable. The pedestrian
experience and the comfort and safety of the common man
The places that are lost in the current discussion of public space Transport on the street cannot be subordinate to cars. People cannot be
are what we began to call the integral open spaces. These are
The fort is the terminal stop for all three railway lines and also has relegated into mid air on skywalks (as has often been suggested
the spaces where social aspects of life mix with vital needs and
two BEST Bus Depots. in numerous infrastructure plans for the city). Walking on our
livelihood activities. These spaces are undefined, unenclosed
Large numbers of private cars are seen to park here throughout the city streets should be a pleasant and safe activity and should be
and relatively unmappable. They are versatile and spontaneous
day. The largest numbers of cabs converge onto the Fort during the main form of commuting, improving the health of the walker
gatherings that can change position throughout the year and even
peak hours to pick up and drop off passengers. In addition to this and reducing pollutions and fossil fuel consumption. Even
at different times of the day. The integral spaces that we found can
tourist buses can be seen parked at strategic location waiting for children should feel safe walking to their classes by themselves
be characterized by high levels of activity and communication.
groups of tourist mainly in the Colaba area. In the commercial and not fear being run over by aggressive drivers at junctions and
Some examples of integral spaces are; markets, street corners, chai
and bazaar districts heavy vehicles are seen parked as they are crossings. This can be achieved through a very strong pedestrian
wallas, front stoops, water taps and gatherings around food stalls.
loaded and unloaded and long distance passenger buses use this priority policy and by designing our street first for pedestrians,
area as a start point for their journeys. second for public transport and finally for private vehicles.
These Integral open spaces need rethinking and modification
The intersection of all of these modes of transport (including
in order to accommodate their current informal usage. They
ferries at the gateway) makes transport interchange and pedestrian
need to be provided with better servicing and management.
planning a priority issue for the management plan. The need for
They cannot be wished away as they provide the service needs
prioritising pedestrian paths and movement over other modes of
of the fort residents, commercial enterprises and commuters.
transport is urgent. Public transport takes priority over private
In order to do this we mapped the location of the elements of
cars in our recommendations. It is also imperative to provide safe
these public space; the hawkers, signage, seating, toilets, water

iii iv
CONTENTS

1.0 Delineating the Fort Precinct 1-4 6.0 Parking 59-66

1.1 Fort sub-precinct boundary 3-4 6.1 Introduction 59
6.2 Parking densities and building use 60
2.0 Heritage Management 5-10 6.2.1 Number of vehicles parked in Fort 61-62
2.1 Physical Transformation Survey 5-6 6.3 Re-pricing parking 63
2.2 Special Development Control Regulations 7-10 6.4 Parking guidelines 64
6.5 Loading, Unloading and Service vehicle guidelines 65
3.0 Open spaces 11-24 6.6 Parking Signage 65
3.1 Issues regarding open spaces 13-20
3.2 Re-designation of open spaces 21-22
7.0 Transport Interchanges 67-72
7.1 Churchgate intersection 69-70
4.0 Pedestrian Movement 25-50
7.2 Victoria Teminus/ CST intersection 71-72
4.1 Issues 27-28
4.2 Pavement grade changes 29
8.0 Fort Circulator 73-76
4.2.1 Treatment of level changes at intersections 30-31
8.1 Introduction 73
4.3 Guidelines for footpath width 32-34
8.2 Proposal 1 for Circulator 74
4.4 Tree cover on street 35-36
8.3 Proposal 2 for Circulator 75-76
4.5 Utility Area 37
4.6 Bus Stops 38
4.6.1 Issues regarding Bus Stops 38-39
9.0 Social Infrastructure 77-82
4.6.2 Bus stop location map 40
9.1 Drinking water fountains and Pyavs 79

4.6.3 Problematic bus stops 41 9.2 Toilets 80

4.6.4 Bus Stop Design 42 9.3 Seating 81-82
4.7 Issues faced by pedestrians in crossing streets 43-44
4.8 Road markings 45 10.0 Solid Waste Management 83-88
4.9 Scramble Crossing 46-48 10.1 Requirements for composting 85
10.2 Recycling of plastic 85
5.0 Pedestrianising Streets 51-58 10.3 Waste disposal & recycling 86-88
5.1 Existing pavement widths and commuter paths 51
5.2 Proposed Pedestrianisation Plan 53-54 FMP project 1994-2007 89-91
5.3 Eating Streets and Hawkers 55-58
 1.0 DELINEATING THE FORT PRECINCT
The Delineation of the Fort Precinct marked on the map, is After establishing a boundary line along Lokmanya Tilak
based on the historic extent of what was originally the fortified Marg, the Fort Precinct designation line moved around the
town. The area encompassed in this fashion is literally the ‘Fort Crawford Market on to D.N. Road and turned east at the
Area.’ However, once the fortifications were removed, the lim- Victoria Terminus Station to indude the St. George Hospital
its were expanded to encompass the space formerly occupied complex where fragments of the old fort wall exists (The de-
by the ramparts. New public buildings were built in this area marcation could be extended upto the eastern waterfront to
and were integral to the Precinct, in that they were designed include some of the BPT lands. This inclusion would create a
to physically and visually reinforce the originally fortified set- protective zone adjacent to the remnants of the old fort wall
tlement. Thus, all such development have been induded in the and would be a critical area if the BPT recycles this swath of
Fort Precinct delineation. These indude the Ballard Estate in land adjacent to the Fort Precinct and next to the walls of Fort
the north east. and HornbyRoad (now D.N. Road) develop- St. George).
ment. Also induded is the Victoria Terminus Station node in
the north and the Gothic buildings along the Maidans in the The Precinct designation extends to the south along the water
west and all the way upto the Royal Institute of Science in the edge upto the Gateway of India. The designation includes the
south. old Taj Hotel and moves westwards to indude the Cooperage
development and then along the Maidan edges upto the Met-
In addition, in the southern area the Cooperage development ro node and then again along the Tilak Marg upto Crawford
undertaken by the Improvement Trust in the 1910’s, together Market.
with Gateway of India area, were induded as they were con-
sistent with the Core Fort Precinct in terms of Architectural The precinct demarcation is fine tuned based on the listing of
as well as Urban Design qualities. In the north the triangle of Heritage Buildings published under the 1991 Development Source: ‘Above Bombay’, Jehangir Sorabjee
buildings at the BMC (Bombay Municipal Corporation) and Control Rules (ref . appendix). For example, the Fort Precinct
the Metro Cinema intersection as well as Crawford Market ar- demarcation is articulated to encompass Jer Mahal, the Framji
eas were included for the same reason. Cawasji Institute and Metro Cinema at the north western edge
of the precinct. Similarly, the demarcation line around the Eros
These buildings, besides being consistent in terms of architec- and the Gateway of India nodes is articulated to include the
tural and urban design qualities, are integral to the visual image important buildings and view corridor essential to the overall
of the Fort Precinct, when approached either from the north via image of the Fort Precinct.
the Metro or the Crawford Market or from the south, (starting The area delineated as the Fort Precinct all falls within the Mu-
at the Gateway of India). Similarly, the Eros Cinema circle has nicipal ‘A’ Ward boundary forming a sub-precinct within the
been induded together with the Cross, Azad and Oval maidans larger Ward definition. Thus, the area designated as the Fort
as these spaces are all crucial in terms of the way we perceive Precinct has a historic as well as contemporary basis. In addi-
the Fort Area. For it is these spaces that provide the crucial vis- tion factors concerning visual perceptions as well as physical
tas imperative to the perception of this precinct. The precinct cohesiveness is what determined the exact demarcation. The
designation has been restricted to the area south of Lokmanya total area designated as a Heritage Precinct covers approxi-
Tilak Marg as beyond it in the north, the urban fabric is of a mately 258 hectares.
totally different character comprising chiefly of vernacular resi-
dential architecture.
Source: ‘The Fort precinct in Bombay: A Source: ‘The Fort precinct in Bombay: A
1 Proposal for Area Conservation Vol. II’ Proposal for Area Conservation Vol. II’ 2
Compiled by - Rahul Mehrotra + Sandhya Savant Compiled by - Rahul Mehrotra + Sandhya Savant
 crawford
precinct
market crawford
precinct
market
precinct
b.m.c
Fort Sub-Precinct Boundary

precinct
b.m.c
Corporate District The Corporate District: The Ballard Estate Welfare Association numerous restaurants and could well organise itself to position

precinct
B.M.C. Precinct Ballard Pier Precinct (BEWA) formed in the early 1990s. It has recently commissioned the precinct as a tourist district. Its unique location between a

v.t
Naval Dock Precinct an Urban Management Plan prepared by the Bombay First and beautiful seaside promenade and a bustling commercial street
the Urban Design Research Institute and is now in the process of (Colaba Causeway), all in close proximity to the centre of the
The Art District

precinct
working towards its implementation. Fort area could make it an ideal tourist hub.

v.t
V.T. Precinct
Museum Precinct
The Art District at Kala ghoda: Cultural institutions and
Oval Maidan art galleries in this area came together to form the Kalaghoda Horniman Circle Association & The Banking District: The
University Precinct
esplanade

Horniman Circle Association was instituted in early 1999 and

bazargate
Association in 1998 and have been since working towards the
precinct

precinct

ballard pier
Oval precinct
has since prepared a detailed Conservation Blueprint for the

precinct
conservation of this area. This association has prioritised its
conservation tasks and organises art festivals annually between 1 restoration of this heritage precinct along with architectural
Shopping Spine
to 14 February in order to bring attention to the area’s art galleries controls to be followed by all buildings in the area. It is now in
esplanade

bazargate
Esplanade Precinct
precinct

precinct

the process of expanding its scope to include the Banking District

ballard pier
Esplanade Precinct Bazaargate precinct and architectural heritage.

precinct
Bazaar Gate Precinct and act as a catalyst for its restoration and physical up gradation.
Ballard Pier Precinct Civic Node Oval Maidan: Citizens around the Oval precinct came together
naval-dock Stakeholders: The various stakeholders for each recommendation
precinct
BMC precinct in 1994 to participate in the up gradation of this Grade-l heritage
precinct
fountain

horniman
precinct

have been mentioned at the top of each page, and are as follows -
circle

open space. Having gone through a tedious route of litigation

university

V.T. precinct
precinct

Crawford Market with the State Government, finally from 1997 to 1999, the

fort and sub-precincts

OVAL (Organization for Verdant Ambience and land), raised
naval-dock

Horniman Circle
precinct

Tourist District funds by private subscriptions and restored this historic Maidan.
precinct
fountain

horniman
oval maidan

precinct

Precinct
circle

Gateway precinct
university

Naval Dock Precinct

precinct

Fountain Precinct
Majestic precinct Shopping Spine along D.N. Road: This area has emerged as Land owners

fort and sub-precincts

an important commercial spine and is one of Bombay’s prime BEST
University Precinct business/ Residents

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations

Horniman Circle & Banking District heritage streetscapes. Through the MMR Heritage Conservation
oval maidan

Horniman Circle precinct Police Pedestrians /

Society, a detailed design handbook has been prepared for Commuters
kala ghoda

Fountain precinct
precinct

boundary as boundary rationalising the signage and street furniture in order to restore
Oval Maidan
Precinct the ambience of this area. Currently the Municipal Corporation is Hawkers NGO
Non-Government
all drawings are

actively pursuing a proposal to pedestrianise this zone. Although Organizations

all drawings are extrapolated from information

an association has yet to be formed, efforts towards this end have Mumbai Heritage
majestic
precinct

andunscaled

tAXI
Kala Ghoda Precinct Taxis owners
the project
kala ghoda

been made starting 1999. MHCC Conservation

precinct

Committee
graphical

defined byas

N
team does
gateway
precinct

Federation of
representations

Civic Node: This area comprising of the BMC headquarters, the Railways
00

not hold any responsibility

Fort
100 m m Residents Trust
all drawings

00 500
old Victoria Terminus station building and institutions such as the
100

avaliable
majestic
precinct

and the project

Times of India are supporting the idea of creating an association MCGM

areinextrapolated

regulation

Precinct boundary
the public realm

to physically upgrade this important civic space in the city.

for the
defined no.67

Majestic Precinct
team
authenticity

Sub-precinct existing Tourist District: This area in the southern edge of the Fort Area has
does not or
gateway

from
precinct

and
00

Gateway Precinct
information

Sub-precinct proposed great potential to become a tourist district with its concentration
I N ST I T UTE
RES EA R C H
D E S I G N
U R B A N
from the world
hold
accuracy

00 100 500
any responsibility

of commercial establishments, large and small hotels as well as

by regulation no.67
100

avaliable
of the same.for the authenticity or accuracy of the same
wide in
web.

Precinct defined in the Heritage listing

500
the public realm and from the world wide we

survey no. 1A
of 1995 and re-definition by UDRI
I N ST I T UTE
RES EA R C H
D E S I G N
U R B A N
5
 2.0 HERITAGE MANAGEMENT
2.1 Physical transformation survey Fort Precinct. All the new developments with their setbacks
take away the character of street affinity. Ironically, the Stock
also brings attention to the encroachments within the public
open spaces. Many of these encroachments are within com-
Among the structures reviewed for physical transformations
18% have additions made to them at a date after construction.
Over the years, the Fort Precinct has been considerably trans- Exchange podium is perhaps the only new development which pounds of government owned buildings; hence in effect they 2% have facade alterations whereas a large section (69%) has
formed quite often rather than insensitively. This map has at- has not been setback, and instead attempts to continue the are almost legalised encroachments. Invariably these encroach- been reconstructed. Among the structures that have physically
tempted to graphically represent the kinds of transformations streetscape. ments are not well designed structures as their purpose ‘has transformed the precinct as a whole, 3% are sited as disharmoni-
that have taken place in the last three decades within the Fort been’ temporary in nature therefore most often marring the ous scale and 8% as an encroachment on open areas.
Precinct. Alice building, which was reconstructed following the new set- architectural merits of the other buildings in the compound.
back pattern (leaving the old arcade standing disconnected: is They also hamper the usage of what was planned as open space
Additions of floors, facade alterations and reconstruction are a case in point to illustrate the damage the setback laws cause for the buildings and its users. Many of these encroachments
common throughout the Fort. Most of the organically devel- the streetscape. If other buildings along the D. N. Road are to block the vistas to important landmarks, and the views for
oped areas like Bora Bazaar have been reconstructed. As the be developed in a similar fashion, the essential character of this open spaces that exist in the Precinct.
buildings in this area are densely packed together, and quite important street would be lost.
old, most of them are in want of structural repair, as well as
improved light & ventilation facility. A lot of what was created as a part of conscious urban design
gestures has also been destroyed insensitively by alterations or
However, in the present context, with reconstruction one often by out of scale interventions in the vicinity. A good example is
loses architectural value of these buildings as there are no stipu- the addition of floors to the Horniman Circle buildings, which
lated guidelines for such work. Most reconstruction mean that were designed as a group to be of the same height.
there are façade alterations or complete changes in the facade.
Quite often it means additions of floors or additional wings. Sometimes there are interventions on public spaces or plazas
These are carried out quite insensitively destroying totally the by the planning authorities which are contrary to the general
architectural merit that the building or the street might have character of the precinct or that particular public space. The
had. Flora Fountain & the plaza at Gateway of India are examples
of such disharmonious development.
In the map, where floors or wings have been added, these are
shown as ‘Additions’. Often, people take advantage of the large The Flora Fountain which was created to celebrate the junc-
floor heights and make lofts within the floors, this has not been tion of the bow like cross axis is almost drowned in incongru-
mapped at this stage. Only the obvious facade alterations have ous development of parking lots and insensitively placed street
been located and indicated. It is evident from this survey, how furniture and related paraphernalia. Similarly the garden sur-
the development bylaws are insensitive to the existing fabric of rounding the fountain neither helps in directing the pedestrian
the Fort Area. With the present blanket bylaws (imposed across traffic nor does it enhance the node but only adds to the visual
the city) there is no scope for place oriented or area specific de- clutter.
velopment. Hence a lot of new development is disharmonious
in terms of building footprint, streetscape and scale. At the Gateway of India, a similar intervention has resulted in
a patch of garden in the centre of the plaza which fragments
The setbacks that are presently imposed, result in development the plaza creating a non-descriptive space around it. It also
which is totally contrary to the streetscape that characterize the takes away the axial view of the city monument. The survey

Source: ‘The Fort precinct in Bombay: A Source: ‘The Fort precinct in Bombay: A
Proposal for Area Conservation Vol. II’ Proposal for Area Conservation Vol. II’
5 Compiled by - Rahul Mehrotra + Sandhya Savant Compiled by - Rahul Mehrotra + Sandhya Savant 6
 2.2 Special Development Control Regulations
Map showing building heights in Fort Precinct
Map showing Heritage grading of buildings in Fort Precinct

Grade I Grade II Grade III

Special Development Control Regulations for Fort Precinct a Maintaining Skyline

The Heritage Regulations for Greater Bombay 1995-Regulation • The height of the buildings after reconstruction shall be limited
67 institutes conservation of building, areas, artifacts, structureS to the existing height of the buildings in the surrounding area. 1% Over 10 Stories
7-9 Stories 2%
and precincts of historical, aesthetic, architectural value. Grants • Imposed height restriction of 24m. 6 Stories
the power to alter, modify or relax the provisions of any other 7% 1 Storey
20%
regulations of the Development Control Regulations 1991.
Grade III 31% 38% Grade I 5 Stories 18%
Special DCR are proposed for the entire heritage precinct. 8% 2 Stories
These regulations are concerned with -
a) Maintaining skyline 10% 3 Stories
b) Facade & balcony control
c) Setback control 31% 34%
d) Amalgamation/subdivision
e) Signage Grade II 4 Stories
f ) Usage
Exception–Veer Nariman 22m, Bora Bazaar 18m
Building elements like domes etc. may attain a height of 30m.

maintaining skyline
7 8
 b Façade/Balcony Control– d Amalgamation / Subdivision Map showing usage of buildings in Fort
Preservation of Architectural Features Amalgamation of land will not be permitted
• No alteration to facades will be permitted.
• No Internal modifications that alter external treatment Exception: Corporate District
• Air-conditioning units will be disallowed on facades abutting Kala Ghoda: combined area < 500sqm
the street. Ballard Estate: combined area < 1200sqm
• No balconies will reduce the minimum marginal open space.
• Enclosure of balconies will not be permitted. Subdivision into a number of plots will not be permitted
Bora Bazaar
Exception: Shopping Spine
Kala Ghoda: minimum area of subdivided plots = 200sqm.
Ballard Estate: minimum area of subdivided plots = 600sqm.
Banking District
Art District

Tourist District

Oval Maidan District

f Encouraged usage in various precincts

c Setback Controls e Signage Transport 1%
1% Services
Oval Maidan District Corporate Distict Residential
Maintaining frontage/Arcades • Signage on any buildings or erection built or erected any 6%
No built form will be permitted Business Establishments / Headquarters Government
• The present external building edge abutting the street must be skysigns, signboards, advertisements or any permanent or 25% Facilities
Sports / Recreational Activities Public Utility Buildings
retained. temporary attachment shall be permitted in the precinct Commercial &
Restaurants / Cafeterias 33%
• In the case of adjoining structures with arcades, it is imperative under compliance with MHCC. Art District Conference Facilities
Residential
that redeveloped plots / buildings maintain a covered walkway / • Signage of any form will not mask the architectural charac- Art Galleries / Art Studios Business Hotels
arcade in keeping with the surrounding architectural aesthetic. teristics of the building 35%
Libraries / Bookstores
Commercial
Theatres / Screening Facilities Bora Bazaar Shopping spine
Confectioneries / Bakeries / Cafeterias Stores / Shops / Retail Businesses / Flour Tourist District
Printing / Publication Houses Mills Stores/Shops/Retail Businesses/Flour
Business Offices Eateries Mills
Data Processing Units Restaurants/Cafeterias/Confection-
Banking District Grocery Stores / Dispensaries eries
Financial / Banking Institutions Travel Agencies Hotels/Dormitories
Public Utility Buildings Department Stores Grocery Stores/Dispensaries
Business Offices Restaurants Travel Agencies/Ticketing Centres
Restaurants / Cafeterias
Data Processing Units

9 10
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

3.0 Open Spaces

A survey of all the open spaces designated in
the Development Plan (DP) revealed an ob-
Courtyard N°1 in Ballard Estate vious lack of consideration towards the pres-
ervation of the public open spaces and their
Courtyard N°3 in Ballard Estate
physical/functional integration into the city,
despite the high density of the urban fabric.
Courtyard N°2 in Ballard Estate
Ownership of DOS in FORT Precinct
Courtyard N°4 in Ballard Estate
Open spaces Area of DOS % of
(sq.M) DOS

Owner - State 413 792 85.4

Azad Maidan,
mint road Cross Maidan, Oval
Asiatic Library Garden Maidan, Cooper-
modi street

age, Asiatic Library

Garden
Crawford Market
Victoria Terminus Owner - MCGM 17 645 3.6
Gateway of India
Horniman Circle
Nagar Chowk,
Horniman Circle,
Dr. Mukherjee
Chowk, Hutatma
share-a-
cab point

Prince of Wales Museum Chowk

Sensex Building
Owner - Private 27 807 5.7
Wellington Fountain
Hutatma Chowk/Flora Fountain MuseumGarden, St
Anne High School,
Holy Name High
BPT Garden School, David
Holy Name High School
Sasoon Library
Garden
University Building David Sassoon Library
Cross Maidan Mumbai Port Trust 25 033 5.2

Four courtyards in
Ballard Estate, BPT
Oval Maidan Cooperage Garden, Gateway of
India
Total 484 277 100
Churchgate Station
Note: All data is approximate.

11 12
 3.1 Issues regarding open spaces
visibility
All open spaces must be unobstructed from view. Oval Maidan is pathways through it. They can be places where people
a prime example of a well managed open space that provides visual would feel comfortable stopping to orient themselves
access from all sides. Cross Maidan however is completely blocked through appropriate signage and maps placed nearby.
off from view on all sides

Open spaces that are open to public view and accessible to the
public can be used as significant points of orientation for users of
the fort precinct by providing visual orientation as well as providing View from inside of Cross Maidan, hawkers at Fashion Street blocking all visual Solid boundary wall of residential societies blocking visual access at street
access from M.G. Road level from New Marine Lines

Azad maidan
oad
t ma Gandhi R
Maha
Cross maidan

Oval maidan
es
in e Lin
ew Mar
N

View from inside Cross Maidan looking at the rear surface of the hawker stalls Railings around Oval maidan allows visual porosity
at Fashion Street blocking all visual access
Hawkers at Fashion Street Pavement occupied by fashion street, hawkers blocks Hawkers to be relocated in the utility zone and follow
blocking all visual access to visibility of Cross Maidan hawking guidelines to create pedestrian way with visibil-
and from Cross maidan ity to the open space.

Solid boundary wall of resi- Fashion Street

dential societies blocking visual
access at street level

3m 1.5m
Hawkers, Fashion Street Pedestrian way
2.5m 1.5m .5m
Cross Maidan Utility Zone Pedestrian way Road Cross Maidan
Clear Pedestrain way Utility Zone Curb
Pedestrian way Utility Zone Road
3m 1.5m 3m 1.5m .5m

Existing section of edge condition at Cross Maidan Proposed section of edge condition at Cross Maidan

13 14
 Accessibility Encroachments:

Many open spaces though in the public domain are complete- There are many encroachments in the open spaces some
ly inaccessible to the public. The Best examples of locked open of which such as maintenance sheds may be essential for
spaces are the four courtyards in Ballard Estate that are used by the upkeep of the space. However all other nonessential
squatters and are garbage dumps. The Prince of Wales museum encroachments need to be removed.
garden though designated as an open space in the Development
Plan cannot be accessed by the public even those who pay a ticket
to gain access to the Museum. Cross Maidan is fenced off from
the pedestrian passageway that cuts across it and gates along new
marine lines are locked and boarded. Ensure that all open spaces
are open to public from 6am to 9pm at the minimum.
Open space in Development Plan Aerial image of open space in Prince Electric room and storage in the courtyard Courtyard 2, ballard Estate
marked as RG, for Prince of Wales of Wales Museum
Museum

View of closed entrance gate View of courtyard View of courtyard View of side lane from Courtyard 2 Courtyard 3, Ballard Estate Courtyard 3, Ballard Estate Informal dumpyard, Courtyard 3, Ballard Estate
Ballard Estate, Courtyard 1 Ballard Estate, Courtyard 2

4 Courtyards in Ballard Estate View of courtyard View of side lane from Courtyard 3 View of garden Flora Fountain, parking booth Wellington Fountain, Police chowky Fashion street hawkers facing M.G. Road
Ballard Estate, Courtyard 3 Ballard Estate, Courtyard 4

15 16
 Designated Open Spaces used as Parking Congested bazaar and commercial Distribution of Dos
precincts lack open spaces:
4
Flora Fountain, Wellington Fountain and the courtyard inside
Ballard Estate should be converted into vibrant pedestrian The area of the Fort is covered by 16.9% of DOS. This figure
Oval Maidan
plazas. gives the impression that the Fort is well equipped in open
Horniman Circle
spaces. But looking at their distribution in the precinct, we
kala Ghoda
realize that 88% of the area of DOS is concentrated in the four
Majestic
Maidans If we look at the area of the Fort without the Maidans,
Gateway
the portion which is covered by DOS reduces to 2.9%. What’s
Victoria Terminus
more, amongst these open spaces, only some of them are open
Ballard Pier
to public. The portion which is covered by public DOS becomes
Fountain
1.7%
Courtyard no.4, Ballard Estate Parking in Courtyard no.4

Parking in Flora Fountain and major commuter paths Parking in Flora Fountain

Parking around Wellington Fountain Fenced parking and booth in Wellington Fountain
marked in yellow

17 18
 amenities and maintenance

Seating
Gateway, Maidans, just about every open space except
Horniman Circle lacks adequate seating. This can be built in
plinths around trees and custom designed benches. Seating
should be provided in under shade and be in level clean areas.

Well designed & maintained Landscaping

Horniman Circle and Oval Maidan are good examples of
appropriately designed landscaping.
Parapet edge marked in yellow serves as primary seating at the Gateway of Cross Maidan Garbage dumping in Cross Maidan Make-shift spectator stand Decrepit goal post in Cross Maidan
Garbage Cans India in the absence of provision of alternative seating.
The largest Urban Plaza in the tourist district – The gateway Photo credit: ‘Above Bombay’, Jehangir Sorabjee
Plaza lacks even a single Garbage can.

Paved walkways
Walking paths need to be provided in the open spaces with
heavy pedestrian usage.

Information and signage

Open space can serve as orientation points and need to be
equipped with way-finding information signs.

Lighting
No provision of lighting in open spaces for aesthetic or func-
tional purposes. Even the passages through the open spaces that Visitors to Gateway rest on the lawn and the plaza Ballard Estate Ill-maintained areas in Ballard Estate Ill-maintained areas in Ballard Estate Absence of adequate formal seating in
serve as commuter paths are not lit. mostly used for dumping waste Flora Fountain

No provision of lighting in open spaces even in the passages that serve as Broken swings in Horniman Circle Broken paving in Horniman Circle Non-functional lamp poles in David David Sasoon Library Garbage dumped in David Sasoon Ill-maintained garbage bins in David
commuter routes. In this photo- Oval maidan Sasoon Library Library Sasoon Library

19 20
 3.2 Re- Designation of Open Spaces Current usage of DOS in Fort Proposed re-designation

crawford
precinct
market
of open spaces
The Designated Open Spaces (DOS) are designated in the DP Four courtyards in Ballard Estate are designated as RG, but they
but the designated usage type does not correspond to their actual have never been restored and they are used as Garbage dumps,
usage. parking lot, slum dwellings and private garden.
In the Fort, all the DOS are designated as “Recreation Ground.

precinct
Some gardens have been restored/created like Horniman Circle Appropriate designations will give a more comprehensive under-

b.m.c
Garden (restored in 1986) or David Sasoon Library Garden in standing of the state of the open spaces in the Fort. Also, MCGM
Playground
1996. should make sure that this plan is respected in terms of usage and
The Maidans are mainly used as playgrounds. Azad Maidan is protection of the open spaces. The courtyards in Ballard Estate Recreation Ground
also a place of gathering for protest meeting or political rallies, needs imperatively to be restored and transformed into real pub- Garden

precinct
v.t
Part of Cross Maidan is used for public exhibitions, and Oval lic spaces.. School RG
Maidan is also used for recreational purpose. Place of Worship
Three open spaces (Azad Maidan, Cross Maidan and Cooperage)
Informal dumps
have been divided into different plots which have different kinds
of usage. But the DP doesn’t take into consideration this division: Defence establishments

School Recreation ground

Garden
Children’s park
Passageways

esplanade

bazargate
precinct

precinct

ballard pier
No usage

precinct
Criterias for Re-designated Open Spaces
Typologies of Open Spaces Users Activities Public landscaping Usage fees Type of amenities Edge Condition Public Events Timings
thoroughfare type
Sports Play Rest Eating

naval-dock
precinct
precinct
fountain

horniman
Playground/ recreation ground Open YES YES YES YES YES Open ground Free Access Has to have Toilet/water/ maintain visual ac- need to establish clear Establish opening

Defense establishments
Children Park
precinct
circle
university
to all seating/garbage disposal/ cess, define boundary guidelines for holding and closing timing

precinct
lighting public events

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regulation

Private Recreation ground Not Applicable

oval maidan
Defence Establishments Not Applicable Not Applicable

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the authenticity or accuracy of the same.
Garden Open NO YES YES YES YES Heavily Free Access Has to have Toilet/water/ maintain visual ac- YES Establish opening
to all planted and seating/garbage disposal/ cess, define boundary and closing timing

Main usage of the designated open spaces

landscaped lighting Play ground

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the authenticity or acc
Park Open No YES YES YES YES Open ground Free Access Has to have Toilet/water/ maintain visual ac- YES Establish opening

No usage
Place of Interest
Recreation ground
to all and shade seating/garbage disposal/ cess, define boundary and closing

kala

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public realm and from the world wide web.
precinct
lighting Garden

school
ghoda
Plaza Open NO NO YES YES Accessible from all Urban char- No access restric- seating/garbage disposal/ Access from all sides YES Park
to all pedestrian routes acter tions lighting
School recreation ground

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public realm and from t
majestic
precinct

00
Defence establishments
Plaza

100
gateway
precinct

00
00 100 m 500 m

100

1%
21 22

I N ST I T UTE
RES EA R C H
D E S I G N
500
I N S
RE
D E
U R
Map No.7
 Way forward
1) Ensure visibility and accessibility of Open Space.

2) Remove encroachments.

3) Secure Open Space with appropriate fencing.

4) Limit Parking in urban courtyards and plazas to create public space.

5) Provide seating, landscaping, garbage receptacles, paved walkways, lighting and information
signs.

6) Re-designate open spaces to reflect usage and design/landscape open space to benefit
usage.

7) Ensure that all open spaces are open to the public from 6AM to 9 PM at the minimum.

23 24
 azargate
recinct
planade

recinct

ballard pier
precinct
High traffic commuter route

Pedestrian movement
No pavements

d
4.0

Roa
d
oa
dR

raji
ha
n
less than 2m

o
rac

mM
d Hi

tta
an
lch 2m and above upto 4m

ro
Wa
Width of pavements on commuter paths.

Na
treet

arg
4m and above upto 6m

Road
hoy S

M
bhdas
ad
eredia
b
6m and above upto 8m

Currim

n Ro

i Valla
JNH

Wilso

naval-dock
above 8m

Shoorj
arg
ani M m
hai Ka

precinct
Ramjib

precinct
fountain
eet

horniman
eet
treet

precinct
ota Str

et

banStr
a Stre

Street
Goa S

circle
PDM
ello R

Road

Vaju K

university
oad

Kumth

Street
urz

precinct
t
Calicu
Adi M
d

Cochin
achan
Shah
id B ha g
at Sin
gh Ro

nd Hir
a

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by re

d
Mi n t

a
Mint Road Road

Walch
Road ge
St. Geor
Modi Street

Manohar Lal path

Agiary Lane
D Das Lane

oval maidan
Victoria Terminus Perin Nariman Street
Shahid Bhagat Singh R
Crawford Market oad
Bora Bazaar Road
Homji St

Bora masjid Lane

jid Lane
reet

M K Amin Road
Bora mas
ad
G Vaidya Ro
ne Sayed Abdulla Brelvi

arg
ji La Marg
Jiva
roji road

ne
Sayed A

M
Na
Dr. Dadabhai

Green Street
bd

dabhoy La
Gola Lane
ulla Bre

wa

ad
J.J. Flyover lvi Marg

Sidh

o
Cawasji Pat

Maruti Lane

hta R
el Roa d Sh a
hid

tom
Marg rg

Jeejibhoy Da
Bhausa
heb B hag
Ma
Gateway of India

h Me
Rus
arg at Singh Roa j
d

oad
ara

oad
t achar M
Raghunath Dadaji Stree Caw

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility
ai Sam

ha
asji Patel Road Mumb
h

ala r
Ma

ndhi R
ozes

Ambalal Doshi Road

aji

adw

ad

t
hiv

i Marg
Pher

tree
d
o

V B Ga
i roa
S

ce r
Sukh
ati

al S
Pitha St

la

an Road
ap ad

bhoom
t Ra
re et

Dal
road
Wal
tr Ro
ha
rg

ad n

i
ranj
r Ro ha
Ma

Ch
Banaji St

M Shetty Marg
us

rdas

t
Stree
reet e

g
Janma
ast

Cha
h

ar
B
ak

NM vi

M
rim
aku
ka

kala ghoda
Til

sh
Modi
ha

P Th

ba
ya

Veer Na
a

precinct
M

oad

hu
g
an

arg
rg

Mar

KD

oad
Homi
oad
km

R
Ma

ni M
an r

c ha
ichi

ik R
rzb
Lo

Mu

B B h a ru
lik

tawa

ndl
d oa d

adh
roa

oad
pa

ani gh R

Ma
om Sin

MD
ha

N Mo

aR
Azad Maidan an S
Bh a
gat
Ma

arim

d
Alla
Naz
Flora Fountain Mahatma Gandhi Road hid

ad

Roa
Sh a

ma R o

ad

JS

oa d
ry
Ro
University Road

A D’mello Road

n
He

nR
kh

lto
me Ca

ar i

o ad

r R oad
Wa
University

lp

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in th

en R
ala

arg
hi Ro ad

Mada
a Gand

th

e
man Roa

st M

Gard

Band
Mahatm

Na
majestic
precinct

Be
Cross Maidan

lo
Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Marg

Apol
Veer Nari
Cooperage
Road

Oval Maidan
Cooperage
Metro Theatre
Maharshi Karve road

gateway
precinct

00
d a
ro
Churchgate Station
a
at
ji T
ed
sh
00 100 500500m
m
Ja
100m
25 26

100
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

4.1 Issues Street furniture Number of pavements with

obstructions
Hawkers
Total number of pavements
Signage surveyed -196

Obstacles on the pavement in order of Pavement dwellers/ shanties

numbering - hawkers, potted plants, Toilets
construction debris, parking, signage
and utility boxes, trees, BEST bus box, Garbage/ litter
parking extended on top of pavement. Monuments

MCGM/ BEST Utility boxes

Note - 1 pavement counted as dis-
Shop extending out to road tance between 2 road junctions

0 50 100 150 200

Hawkers stand blocking pavements Appropriations of pavement by land owners

6%
9%
38%
4%

10%

12%
Garbage dumped on the pavement Parking on the pavement Parking on the pavement
Footpath used for resting Appropriations of pavement by land owners
21%

Poor condition of pavement

Paving type is an issue
Railings prevent access
Other
Level differences
Over crowded/ Too narrow
Physical obstructions

BEST boxes and signage cause severe obstructions Parking extending over pavement Legal booth not limited to the utility zone Legal booth by the MCGM

27 28
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

4.2 Pavement grade changes 4.2.1 Treatment of Level Changes at Intersections

Often the reason people choose to walk on the road rather than the pavement is because Ramp length for perpendicular curb Perpendicular curb ramps
the vehicular carriageways are designed without any level changes for wheeled traffic. ramps based on ramp slope:
Perpendicular curb ramps should be located outside of the
The same principle if applied to pedestrian footpaths would significantly improve the
Change in Ramp Length Ramp Length pedestrian walkway, such as in a planting strip or similar
comfort and usage of the pavement and ensure that people do not find the vehicular Elevation for 7.1% Slope for 8.3% Slope location where pedestrians would not normally walk.
carriageway more comfortable then the pedestrian footpath.
203 mm 3.99 m 3.23 m
(8 in) (13.1 ft) (10.7 ft)
178 mm 3.48 m 2.82 m
(7 in) (11.4 ft) (9.3 ft)
152 mm 3.00 m 2.42 m
(6 in) (9.8 ft) ((7.9 ft)
127 mm 2.49 m 2.01 m
(5 in) (8.2 ft) (6.6 ft)
101 mm 1.98 m 1.60 m Parallel curb ramps
(4 in) (6.5 ft) (5.3 ft)
A parallel curb ramp has two ramps leading down towards
This table assumes that the sidewalk a center level landing at the bottom between both ramps
corridor has a 2 percent cross slope. with a level landing at the top of each ramp. A parallel
ramp curb can be used where the pavement is too narrow to
accommodate a perpendicular ramp curb.
Treatment of Level Changes at Curb Cuts to property entrances - In some retrofitting situations, it may not
be possible to design a curb ramp with a
slope less than 8.3 percent.
- A slope between 8.3-10% is permitted
for a maximum rise of 152 mm (6 in);
- A slope between 10-12.5% is permitted
for a maximum rise of 76 mm (3 in);and
- A slope steeper than 12.5% should be Combination curb ramps
avoided regardless of the length of the
A combined parallel and perpendicular curb ramp utilizes
ramp.
the best characteristics of both parallel and perpendicular
curb ramps. A combined curb ramp uses the concept of
These specifications for steeper curb ramps the parallel ramp to lower the elevation level of the landing
should not be used in new construction. and then uses a perpendicular ramp to bridge the remaining
Avoid level drops at curb cuts at intersection to properties. Provide instead a gradual slope to the elevation gap between the landing and the street. This design
pavement to and away from such a curb cut. is particularly helpful for enhancing access in problematic
situations where the sidewalk is narrow, has a steep grade, or
a high curb

Source: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)-US Source: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)-US
Department of Transportation ramp length guidelines. Department of Transportation ramp length guidelines.
29 30
 Depressed corners 4.3 Guidelines for footpath width
Depressed corners gradually lower the level of the sidewalk,
through an almost undetectable change in slope, to meet the How Much Traffic Does the Footpath Allow? The Urban Development Plans Formulation and Implementation Guidelines (UDPFI)
grade of the street. Depressed corners are often designed as Required Capacity in (persons) specifies that the minimum width of footpaths should be 1.5 meters. The width should
an expanded diagonal curb ramp that extends around the width of (in one hour) be in creased by at least 1 meter in business/shopping areas to allow for dead width.
entire corner at the intersection. In addition, a decorative footpath Footpaths adjoining shopping frontage should be at least 3.5 meters and a minimum of
pattern is often used in downtown urban areas to visually In metres All in one In both direc- 4.5 meters is desirable adjoining longer shopping frontages.
blend the sidewalk and the street, giving the effect of one direction tions
smooth pathway. 1.5 1220 800
2.0 2400 1600
2.5 3600 2400 How wide should the pavement actually be?
3.0 4800 3200 The Pedestrian footpath width cannot be understood as the entire width of the pavement
Change of Grade 4.0 600 4000 from curb edge to building facade as the footpath is used for many purposes. A pavement
is zoned to create unobstructed walking paths. It is divided into the building facade clear
Transitions should have minimum grade changes (algebraic This table above provides capacity guidelines zone, the footpath, a utilities and furniture zone and the curb zone. UDPFI guidelines
difference of less than 11%) for a gradual transition for for design of footpath as recommended by describes only “clear widths” for the footpath zone. The total width of the pavement
wheelchair users. Grade changes that happen over a short the UDPFI guidelines must be much wider to accommodate these three other zones.
interval, such as between the gutter and ramp, can cause Source:
wheelchair users to fall forward Urban Development Plans Formulation &
Implementation Guidelines (UDPFI).
Transition points found within the curb ramp area include:
Street and gutter;
Gutter and ramp;
Ramp and landing; and
Landing and sidewalk approach.
Building Facade Foot Path Utility Zone Curb Zone
.3m -.4m 1.5m-4.5m .6m-2.4m .4m-.6m

{
{
{
{
A clear zone for building facades of
.3m-.4m of width is desirable due to the
tendency of pedestrians to maintain a clear
distance from walls. A space of .6m-2.4 m
is desirable for street furniture and utilities.
A curb zone of .4m-.6m should be left for
car door to open.

Source: US department of Transportation Federal highway

Administration. Website: www. fhwa.dot.gov.
31 32
 Type of Street Width required for Footpath width Utility Curb Total Type C
building clearance required
Shops Hawkers Bus Stop
A . . . .3-.4 m W 1m .4-.6 m
B . . 1.5 m W 1m .4-.6m
C . . .3-.4 m W 2.5m .4-.6m
D . 1.5 m W 2.5m .4-.6m
E .3-.4 m W 2.5m 2.4m

.3-.4m W 2.5m .4-.6m

Building Clearance Clear pedestrian way Utility zone Curb Road
Building
.3-.4m Pedestrian
W way Utility2.5m
Zone Curb
.4-.6m Road
Type A Clearance

Type D

.3-.4m W 1m .4-.6m
Building Clearance Clear pedestrian way Utility zone Curb Road
Building
.3-.4m Pedestrian
W way Utility
1m Curb
.4-.6m Road
Clearance Zone
1.5m
Building Clearance W 2.5m .4-.6m
Clear pedestrian way Utility zone Curb Road
Building Clearance
1.5m Pedestrian
W way Utility
2.5mZone Curb
.4-.6m Road
Type B
Type E

1.5m W 1m .4-.6m
Building Clearance Clear pedestrian way Utility zoneCurb Road .3-.4m W 2.5m 2.4m
Building Clearance Pedestrian way Utility Curb Road Building Clearance Clear pedestrian way Utility zone Curb Road
1.5m W 1m .4-.6m
Zone Building
.3-.4m Pedestrian
W way Utility2.5m
Zone Curb
2.5m Road
Clearance

33 34
 Crawford Market
tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

4.4 Tree cover on Streets Map indicating tree

crawford

crawford
precinct

precinct
market

market
cover on the pavements Metro Theatre

guidelines for trees on pavements

Trees should be placed within the utilities zone of the pavement around 4’-8’ from curb

precinct

precinct
edge. They can be planted 15’-30’ apart to provide continues shading onto the street.

b.m.c

b.m.c
They should be place away from sight triangles at intersections and driveways and grow
to a height above the street lamps so as not to block its illumination. Utilities such as Azad Maidan Victoria Terminus
cables should be housed in designated underground ducts in the Utility Zone of the

precinct

precinct
pavement. The tree should not block views of street signs and signals.

v.t

v.t
Selection of trees:
Cross Maidan
• Select deep root trees to prevent damage to paved surface.
• Select shade trees to cool urban paved areas.

esplanade

esplanade

bazargate

bazargate
precinct

precinct

precinct

precinct

ballard pier

ballard pier
precinct

precinct
Horniman Circle

Above, a pilot project for heritage

00

naval-dock

naval-dock
sensitive street furniture was implemented

precinct

precinct
precinct

precinct
fountain

fountain

horniman

horniman
precinct

precinct
100
on Dada bhai Naoroji street based on

circle

circle
university

university
precinct

precinct
heritage guidelines of the MMR Heritage

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regulation

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regulation

Conservation Committee. As seen the Oval Maidan
University
pavement has a separate zone for furniture

oval maidan

oval maidan
and utilities demarcated by paving type. Prince of Wales
However the curb zone and façade clear Museum
Pavement treatment around trees: zone have not been provided for. The full

500
The MCGM has adopted guidelines for
width of the pavement is 3 meters wide,

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the authenticity or accur

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the authenticity Ior N
tree grating around the tree at pavement
level. (see picture below of tree garting however that leaves a clear unobstructed
footpath width of only 1meter for

kala ghoda

kala ghoda
as per MCGM guidelines) These should

precinct

precinct
be adopted consistently in both new pedestrians.
planting as well as existing tree.

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public realm and from the

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public realm and from the
majestic

majestic
precinct

precinct
Tree cover on pavement Gateway of India

gateway

gateway
precinct

precinct

00

00
00 00 m100 m
100 500 m500 m

100

100
35 36

RES
D E
I N S
RES
D E
U R

U R
accur
S
 tAXI tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC NGo MHCC Stakeholders

Non Obstruction Zones.

so that the sight lines
4.5 Utility Area remain clear
No hawkers !!
4.6 Bus stops

No hawkers !!
remain clear
so that the sight lines
Non Obstruction Zones.
Sign Item Zone
Allocation Location of bus stop at the edge of the pavement
Guidelines for usage and placement Best Box 3 4.6.1 ISSUES
Condition 1
does not allow adequate standing room for wait-
of amenities within the Utility zone ing commuters
Benches 3,4 1) Double stopping of buses where bay
Street Furniture Trees 3,4 length cannot accommodate frequency as
Bus Stop the same bus stop services multiple routes
Signage 2,4
Dustbins 2) Adjacent bus stops are located too close
Dustbin 4,3

3
Space for Best Boxes to each other to allow for entry and exit of
Hawkers Building entry buses that arrive simultaneously.
Pavement lighting Sight-lines 3) Conflict with Taxi pick up & drop off
Signage and way finding maps 4) Vehicles parked in bus stop zone
Bus
5) At rest stop point for Bus Drivers, buses
Direction of traffic are parked at the Bus Stops and block
other buses plying this route
6) Passengers wait on road in front of the
Condition 2 Private car parking an obstruction for commut-
Bus Stop
ers and the bus

4
3
2
Condition 3 Multiple bus routes stopping simultaneously

Condition 1 and 2

2 4 3

1
2 1 2 3

2
road road road road
.4- .6m .4- .6m .4- .6m .4- .6m
<1m 1m < 1m Table 1m X 1m

clear pedestrian way 1.5m

clear pedestrian way
clear pedestrian way
clear pedestrian way

2
Condition 3

37 38
 Crawford Market

a kM
arg 87
Til

31
ya
an

Bhausa
Deceleration Bus Acceleration
58
k m
Lo

50ft 40ft 50ft

heb Marg
4.6.2 The map indicates existing pave-
ment widths, traffic flow and the

J.J. Flyover
Lane 3
position of the Bus Stops. 74

crawford
precinct
market
Lane 2 Metro Theatre 74

Dr. Dadabhai
Using this map we can know which
Lane 1 Ma 69
8ft Passenger loading apron
pavements can be extended as curbs at ha

Naroji road
pa
lik
aM
arg
Curb
BUS STOP bus stop zones keeping in mind the traf-
Utility Zone

Pedestrian way
fic condition on the road.

precinct
Building Clearance

b.m.c
Building Clearance Clear pedestrian way Utility zone Curb Road

Mahatm
.3-.4m W 1.2m 2.5m
Azad Maidan Victoria Terminus

P D’m
ello
61
Road

a
St. George

Gandh
106

i Road
Designate bus stop zone Walch
an d Hirac
with lines on the road
hand
R oad
Sukh Manohar Lal path
adw

precinct
ala ro

Jiva
BUS
ad

ji La
STOP

d
Goa St

ne
Wall

roa
reet

v.t
a

Shah
ce ro D Das Lane
ad ro

ani
The length of the bus stop zone
ad-

om
Cross Maidan

id B h
Gola Lane
Vaju Ko

an S

ad
ta Stre

76

Mint Road
et

an ro
Cha Bora masjid Lane

Wa
agat
arim
ranji

must be140 feet with a 8ft wide

lch
t Ra

rzb
i roa

a
Naz

Perin Nariman Street

d

nd
Kumth

S
Mu
a Stre

ingh

Hi
Bora mas
et

Modi Street
Jeejibhoy Da jid Lane

rac
dabhoy Lan
e

apron for waiting passengers to

Currim

ha
P Th bhoy

Road

rg

nd
Street

Raghunath Dadaji Stree Caw

aku M K Amin Road Adi M

Ma
rdas

R
urzban

oa
road Street

mani

d
stand. When multiple buses are

Sayed Abdulla Brelvi

Maruti Lane

bhai Ka
Cawa
Calicut JNH
eredia
Agiary Lane Street Road

sji Patel Road

t
expected to arrive simultaneous-

Ramji
MD
adh Cochin Wilson
ichi Rust

asji
Road

Marg
Building Clearance Clear pedestrian way Utility zone Curb Road Marg om
Sidh Street

Patel Roa
wa
M d
Roa
arg
.3-.4m W 1.2m 2.5m
ly this zone need to be length- Phero Mo
raji

d
zesh tam

Pitha Str bazargate

ah M rot

Mi n t
ehta Na
Road Shoor

ened by 40 ft per bus.

ji Valla
bhdas

Road
esplanade

eet
125
Marg

Sayed
Janmab

precinct

precinct
hoomi

Homji Str
Marg

ballard pier
Abdulla

precinct
eet
Table 3 suggests bus stop capacity requirements based on a range of bus flow rates and

Brelvi
Banaji Str
Veer Narim
an Road

Marg
passenger service times. For example, if the service time at a stop is 30 seconds and there Veer Na

eet
riman Ro

a d
ad

roa
Horniman Circle

at
ji T
are 60 buses expected in the peak hour, two bus loading positions are needed. The arrival High traffic commuter route

ed
sh
Homi

m
Modi

Ja
Street

rate is based on a Poisson (random) arrival rate and a 5 percent chance the bus zone

Mint
73

Mint Roa
N Mas

G Vaidy
No pavements

Road
capacity will be exceeded.
M Shetty Marg Green Street

ter Ro

a Road
49

d
Mahatma Gandhi Road

ad
less than 2m University Road
Ambalal Doshi Road

naval-dock
2m and above upto 4m

precinct
Peak-Hour Bus Flow Capacity Required (Bays) When Service Time at Stop is

Maharshi Karve road

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Marg

eet

precinct
fountain

horniman
arg l Str

precinct
awan
iM Dala
N Mot

circle ne
university
10sec. 20sec. 30sec. 40sec. 60sec. 4m and above upto 6m ad

precinct
Oval Maidan c ha
Ro

Rope
B Bh a ru

University

Sha
ad
ndhi Ro

Walk la
A D’mello Road V B Ga

hid
6m and above upto 8m

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regu

15 1 1 1 1 1

Bhaga
Condition 1 49 KD

t Singh Road
30 1 1 1 1 2 above 8m
hu
ba
sh
M
ar
Prince of Wales

oval maidan
Museum
g

45 1 1 2 2 2 Vehicles per minute

60 1 1 2 2 3 Number of lanes per side: 2 Madam
e Cam
a Road

75 1 2 2 3 3 Vehicles per minute

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the
Cooperage
Number of lanes per side: 4

Ch
90 1 2 2 3 4

h atr
34

ap
Road

ati
ad

kala ghoda
Ro

Sh
Ma
105 1 2 3 3 4

precinct
kh
All bus route roads not marked have

iva
ha
ri
Pa

ji M
ad

av
lal

iB
a

ah
th

gh R

hu
traffic flow less than 20 vehicles per Na

ara
sh
120 1 2 3 3 5

j
in

nR

Ma
gat S

oa
minute

rg
d
Bha
150 2 3 3 4 5
Be

hid
st M

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the pub

Ma
arg ndli

S ha
kR

53
oad

majestic
precinct
180 2 3 4 5 6 Gateway of India
Condition 2 JS
Alla
Source: TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD- Guidelines for the Location He
n aR
oad

and Design of Bus Stops, NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C. 1996
nr y
Roa
d

gateway
precinct
Wa

00
lto
40
nR
39 oad

00 100 m 500 m

100
Gard
en R
o ad
Apoll
o Band
er R oa d
 precinct
v.t
4.6.3 Problematic Bus Stops 4.6.4 Bus Stop Design

New bus stop Old bus stop

esplanade

bazargate
precinct

precinct

ballard pier
precinct
New Old
Allow long queues of people X
to wait
Provide shelter from sun and
rain X X
Victoria Terminus

naval-dock
Visually porous back wall to

precinct
precinct
fountain

horniman
precinct
Horniman Circle allow people walking on the

circle
Crawford Market X

university
precinct
pavement behind the bus stop
Gateway of India to see the bus.

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regulation no.67

Allowing queuing for multiple X
Prince of Wales

oval maidan
bus routes
Museum The design hinders queuing

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the authenticity or accuracy of the same.
Azad Maidan

kala ghoda
precinct
University The open ends allow for queuing
Cross Maidan

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public realm and from the world wide web.
Oval Maidan
majestic
precinct

Metro Theatre
gateway
precinct

00
00 100 m 500 m
Types of Bus Stops Areas -

100
Multiple bus stops in close proximity
The Bus Stop Areas need to be defined under 3 types based on the number of routes and
Bus Stops which also serve for Bus the set of routes it caters to as well as whether it is a terminal or not.
parking zones

I N ST I T UTE
RES EA R C H
D E S I G N
U R B A N
Bus Stop Area Typology Bus routes Bus Stop design
The illustration shows an example of a bus stop
Throughsurvey no. 1A No clash of bus timing of multi- For standing and seating

500
where these issues have been resolved by placing the
ple routes advertising panel on the upstream end of the bus
Junction Multiple buses of separate routes Possible multiple route queuing of stop which does not block the view of approaching
to stop at the same time commuters buses. However it does not allow for queuing of
passengers.
Terminal Starting and ending point of bus Single route queuing of commuters
routes

Source: www.newyorkparkingticket.com

41 42
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

4.7 Issues faced by pedestrians in crossing streets 8) No respect for pedestrians waiting to
cross at unsignaled zebra crossing.
1) Very wide streets do not have refuge 2) Signal timings are inadequate to cross 3) Obstructions at crossing such as lamp
point at the median to stand the street especially for the slow/old/ posts signage and other utility objects Unsafe motorist behavior:
handicapped. hamper movement. • Failing to yield to pedestrians, especially in crosswalks (the law often
ignored requires drivers to stop for pedestrians in crosswalks)
• Running red lights or STOP signs
• Parking or stopping in crosswalks
• Turning right or left at intersections without yielding to pedestrians
• Exiting or entering driveways or alleys without yielding to pedestrians
• Passing stopped cars (especially ones stopped at crosswalks)
• Driving while distracted (e.g., by cell phones, radios, eating food,)
• Vehicle stop lines and pedestrian courtesy need to be enforced

9) Cars parked on zebra crossing.

4) Crossings not located in line with 5) No place to cross at critical junctions
Unsafe pedestrian behaviours:
pavement footpath but inset leading to results in illegal pedestrian behaviour such
• Crossing a street at an undesirable location.
detour for pedestrians and in most cases car as jumping across medians and squeezing
• Darting out between parked cars into the path of oncoming cars.
stop over the zebra crossing when stopped at through broken railings
• Not following the directions of traffic signals
a signal. (D N Road)
• Entering a stream of traffic and disrupting the flow.
• Walking while wearing headphones, or while talking on a cell phone.
• Walking on the carriageway

Some different strategies for effective law

enforcement:
10) Pedestrian crossings are not designed Traffic complaint hotline
6) Sight lines to oncoming vehicles are not with ramps to allow handicap accessibility Pedestrian safety enforcement operations/pedestrian decoy
maintained at crossings. and often have level changes. Photo enforcement
7)Pavements not wide enough for gathering Progressive ticketing, Educating, Warning, Ticketing
pedestrians who wait for the walk sign at Double fines in school zones and other special interest areas
crossings leading to pedestrians standing
on the road while they wait, Ensure wide
pavement aprons as holding areas at
crossings.

43 44
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

4.8 Road markings- 4.9 Scramble Crossing

Holding areas at medians on wide cross-

ings need to accommodate the volume of
pedestrians.
Bus Stop placed opposite on either side of
the road need to incorporate a pedestrian
crossing marked behind the bus stopping
zone.
Medians to become at grade at the zebra
crossing so as to allow multiple people to
stand wait conveniently.

Curb extensions at intersections are only

appropriate where there is an on-street
parking lane. Curb extensions must not
extend into travel lanes, bicycle lanes, or
shoulders (curb extensions should not
extend more than 1.8m (6ft) from the
curb). The turning needs of larger vehicles,
such as school buses, need to be considered
in curb extension design.

Countdown timers at all pedestrian crossings

Countdown Timers
Countdown timers allow people to judge
crossing time/ speed/ distance so they are not
caught in the middle of the crossing at a sig-
SCRAMBLE CROSSING at Oxford Circle London
nal change.

Source: http://www..walkinginfo.org/engineering/ Source: www.metro.co.uk

crossings-enhancements.cfm#crossing-islands
45 46
 Shibuya Crossing

A pedestrian scramble, also known as

a ‘X’ Crossing (UK), diagonal crossing
(US), scramble intersection (Canada),
exclusive pedestrian phase, and more
poetically Barnes Dance, is a pedestrian
crossing system that stops all vehicular
traffic and allows pedestrians to cross an
intersection in every direction, including
diagonally, at the same time.

To implement such a scramble crossing

it is necessary that the pavements at
street corners are widened as a holding
area for waiting pedestrians. Countdown
timers and audible warnings should also
be provided for pedestrians to be able
to judge the crossing time and be able
to clear the junction in time for the
vehicular phase of the signal. This sort
of crossing is only required in locations
with very high pedestrian traffic at the
junction and can be implemented at
major transit nodes such as Churchgate
station and CST.

The most famous implementation of

this kind of intersection is in Shibuya,
Tokyo

Shibuya Crossing, Shibuya, Japan Shibuya Crossing time lapse photos

Source: Google Earth Source: www.vimeo.com

47 48
 Way forward
1) Remove obstacles to pedestrian flow and grade changes in pedestrian path by redesigning
curb cuts and junctions

2) Ensure that footpaths are designed with clear demarcation of utility zone, Curb Zone,
Building facade zone and Pedestrian Way and each of them is sized appropriately.

3) Ensure that trees planted are surrounded with a grating that is level and flush with the
pavement. Trees should not obstruct sight lines at junction, pedestrian crossings and bus
stops. Plant more trees wherever possible.

4) Ensure that the utility placed in the zone are organized in the relevant sections and do not
create an obstruction either to pedestrians or to sight lines.

5) Bus stops to be designed with 8 foot wide curb in front to allow passengers to wait safely.
Multiple bus stop routes converging at a single bus stop should be redesigned or re-timed.
6) Bus stops to be designed to facilitate queuing and waiting. Remove rear advertisement
panel.

7) Provide safe pedestrian crossing with properly timed signals and marking in line with
pedestrian path.

8) Enforce safe motorist and pedestrian behavior with support of the police. Enforce stopping
of vehicles before the stop line at pedestrian crossings.

9) Redesign major pedestrian crossings such as church gate and university and fountain
junctions as scramble crossings. (as in Japan or the UK)

49 50
 tAXI
NGo MHCC Stakeholders

5.1 Existing pavement widths 5.0 Pedestrianising Streets

J.J. Flyover
and major commuter paths

crawford
precinct
market

Dr. Dadabhai
High traffic commuter route Reducing pedestrian vehicles conflict
Ma
The internal streets in the traditional market areas of the fort (such as fountain, bazaar

Naroji road
ha
pa
lik
No pavements
aM
arg
less than 2m gate) are not provided with pedestrian footpaths. Vehicles thoughtlessly attempt to
squeeze their way through this mass of pedestrians. Cars parked on either side of the
2m and above upto 4m
precinct

road add to the confusion of the streets. These internal bazaar streets that are predomi-
b.m.c

4m and above upto 6m nantly used for foot traffic can easily be converted into “pedestrian only’ zones. This
Mahatm

6m and above upto 8m would also alleviate the squash of street stalls and food hawkers that are based in these
a Gand

Walch
areas. Vehicular movement in the fort can be easily diverted to the outer main roads.
a nd Hir above 8m
hi Road

precinct achan
v.t d Road

Shah

Wa
Street name Existing Pave- Usage Type Clear required Total Pavement total footpath Width of footpath Recommendation

lch
id Bh

and
Perin Nariman Street
ment width pedestrian way width width + utility that permits hawking

Hi
agat

rac
ha
Singh

nd
Com- Shops Hawkers Amenities in Utility zone for

R
oa
Ro

d
muter Utility Zone hawking min 2M
ad Path
Shoorj
Mahapalika Marg 4 <6 and 6<8 ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+.3 5M+utility >7m Footpath needs widening in sections
esplanade

i Valla
bazargate
precinct

precinct

bhd as M a
ballard pier

rg
Mahatma Gandhi Road 2 <4, 6 <8 and ***** ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+.3 5M+utility >7M Footpath needs widening in sections
precinct

Veer Nar
iman Ro
>8
ad
a d

Dr. Dadabhai Naroji Road <2, 4 <6 and >8 ***** ***** ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+.3 5M+utility >7M Footpath needs widening in sections
ro

Karmaveer Bh
a
at
ji T

Walchand Hirachand Road 2<4 ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+.3 5M+utility >7M Footpath Needs widening
ed

Mahatma Gandhi Road

sh

N Mas
m
Ja

Shoorji Vallabhdas Marg 2<4 ** Bus stops 2M .6+Utility+2+.3 3M+ utility >5M Footpath Needs widening
aurao Patil Ma

ter Ro

naval-dock

Perin Nariman Street <2 ***** ***** ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+1.4 6M+utility >8M Footpath completely inadequate
ad fountain

precinct
precinct

horniman
precinct

Bora Bazaar Street 0 ***** ***** ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+1.4 6M+utility >8M Footpath completely inadequate
circle
rg
university
precinct
Maharshi Karve road

Pherozsah Mehta Road 2<4 ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+.3 5M+utility >7M Footpath completely inadequate
fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regul
Sha

A D’mello Road
Veer Nariman Road 2<4 ***** ***** ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+1.3 6M+utility >8M Footpath needs widening in sections
hid
B h ag
oval maidan

Shahid Bhagat Singh Road 2<4 and 4<6 ***** Bus stops 2M .6+Utility+2+.3 3M+ utility >5M Footpath needs widening in sections
at Singh Roa

N Master Road 0 ***** ***** ***** Bus stops 4M .6+Utility+4+1.3 6M+utility >8M No footpath
A D’ mello Road 2<4 **** Bus stops 3M .6+Utility+3+.6 4M+utility >6M footpath inadequate
d

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the aut

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil 2<4 and 4<6 ***** Bus stop 3M .6+Utility+3+.6 4M+utility >6M footpath inadequate
Marg
kala ghoda
precinct

P Ramchandani Road 2<4 ***** ** 4M .6+Utility+4+1.3 6M+utility >8M footpath inadequate

R oa d

Maharshi Karve Road 2<4 ***** Bus stop 4M .6+Utility+4+1.3 6M+utility >8M footpath inadequate
S ingh
agat

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public re

Jamshedji Tata Road 4<6 ***** *** ** Bus stop 4M .6+Utility+4+1.3 6M+utility >8M footpath inadequate
majestic
precinct

Bh
hid

New Marine Lines 0 ***** Bus stop 4M .6+Utility+4+1.3 6M+utility >8M footpath inadequate
Sha

gateway
precinct

00
oad

51 00 100 m 500 m 52
ni R

100
nda
c ha
am
PR
 ha
rac

M
i
dH

tam
an
lch

rot
Wa

Na
t
Stree

Marg
ad
bhoy

Ro

b h da s
Road
eredia
Currim

ji Valla
n
JNH

Wilso

Shoor
Proposed Pedestrianisation Plan
i Marg
5.2 aman
Ramji
bhai K

et
treet

a Stre

t
et

nStree
Demarcating a Pedestrian Only Street

a Stre
Goa S

reet
ot
R o ad
PDM
ello R

Vaju K
oad

urzba

t St

Street
h
Kumt

Calicu
Removable /Retractable bollards are placed at the entry to

chand

Adi M

Cochin
Shah
id Bh
agat pedestrian only streets. This is to facilitate entry for emergency vehicle. Cleaning vehicle

d Hira
S ingh
Road and loading vehicles are provided access thru the street at designated times of the day.
This is generally during late night and early morning hours (eg.- 10pm to 8am).

an
Mi n t
Road
B.S.

Walch
ge Road
B.S.

Mint Road
mint road

B.S.

St. Geor

Modi Street
modi street

Demarcating a Pedestrian and Parking Street

Manohar Lal path

Agiary Lane
D Das Lane
Perin Nariman Street
Shahid Bhagat Singh R High traffic commercial streets generate conflicts between pedestrians, through vehicular
oad
Bora Bazaar Road
movement, parked cars and hawking. Removing one of the elements – thru traffic – can

Bora masjid Lane

jid Lane
Homji Str greatly reduce the congestion in the streets as vehicles will access the street only in order to

M K Amin Road
eet

Bora mas
ad
G Vaidya Ro
ane Sayed Abdulla Brelvi
park. A possible pedestrian parking street could be Veer Nariman Road from Flora foun-

arg
ji L Marg
Jiva
Naroji road

ne
Dr. Dadabhai

Green Street
dabhoy La
Gola Lane

ad
wa
Sayed A
tain to Horniman Circle.
public
toilet

bdulla B

Sidh

o
Cawasji Patel

Maruti Lane
relvi Ma

hta R
Ro ad
rg

tom
Sha

Jeejibhoy Da
h id B arg

h Me
Rus
hagat Sin
jM Both ends of the parking street is closed off with boom barriers and a parking attendants
arg
t
Raghunath Dadaji Stree Caw achar M gh Road
ara

oad
oad

ha
public
public

asji
toilet toilet

Patel Road ai Sam share-a-

cab point

Mumb
h

ozes
Ma

ndhi R
ala r

booth. All cars entering the street collect a ticket and pay it at the time of exit. Pedestrian

Ambalal Doshi Road

ji
ad

i Marg
Pher
iva
adw

d
public
toilet
i roa
o

V B Ga
ad
have unrestricted access to the space. The street is redesigned to provide organized parking
ce r

t
S

tree
ati
Sukh

Pitha Str

bhoom
t Ra

man Ro
la

e et d
road
p oa

al S
Wal

d tra while enhancing the pedestrian experience. Hawking can be allowed on the street if space
i

oa nR
ranj

ha

Dal
er R ha

M Shetty Marg
t
rdas

Bana

Stree
Ch

Janma
ji Stre
ast us
Cha

g
public
toilet

et h permits. A clear manoeuvrable path of 14 foot width must be left for access by emergency

ar
NM

ri
iB
aku

M
Veer Na
av

Modi

sh
ak
P Th

ah

ba
and cleaning vehicles. The building facade creates the edge to the space. Well conserved

oad
g
d

rg
roa
M

hu
arg

Mar

oad
Homi
ban

ni Ma

KD
aR
rz
aM

Mu
heritage buildings in the precinct would provide character and create a sense of place.

ik R
ichi

ch
d
roa

tawa

B Bh a ru
lik

ndl
adh

ani

oad
oad
pa

drinking
water

Ma
n So gh R
MD

N Mo
ha

aR
a .
B.S

n
at Si
B.S
.

arim
B.S
.
Ma

Naz
B.S.

n
B.S. B.S

Bha
.

Mahatma Gandhi Road

B.S.
B.S
B.S. B.S. .

d
B.S

Alla
.

ad

R oa
B.S.
B.S.
B.S.

hid

Way forward
B.S.
ha

ma Ro
S

JS
d
BEST and Railways
ticket counter

o ad
nr y
oa
A D’mello Road
public
toilet

University Road

He

nR
ikh

lto
me Ca
B.S.

ar

o ad

r Road
Wa
lp
B.S.

arg
public police
toilet chowki

1) Heavy flow commuter paths through dense urban fabric

en R
ala
i Road
d

st M
Mada
Gandh man Roa

ath

e
a

Gard
Mahatm

Band
to be pedestrianised.
Rotary club office

Be

o
Apoll
Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Marg
Cooperage
Veer Nari

B.S. B.S. B.S.

public
toilet public
toilet

R oad
2) In heavy shopping and commercial used streets,
public
toilet

parking only pedestrian zones to be demarcated to

Only pedestrian street subway
B.S.
prohibit thru traffic.
Maharshi Karve road
Parking and pedestrian street B.S.

Clear way for Fire brigade

subway
subway

d a
3) Route outside fire station to be pedestrianised and left
clear for the fire trucks to move.
ro
Main road at
a
ji T
ed
sh
m
Ja

53 54
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

5.3 Eating streets and Hawkers

Survey observations:

• Hawkers selling the same food items do not normally

locate themselves in the same area. They are careful to
provide complimentary or different food.

• Hawkers selling gadgets and apparel do normally locate

themselves in the same area as seen on fashion street, jew-
ellery and handicrafts hawkers of Colaba Causeway and
the gadget hawkers in the MG Road arcades

• More than 50% of the hawker stalls were fixed in place.

• More than 35% of hawkers had access to electricity sup-

ply. The others did not need it to operate and used street
lighting.

• More than 50% of hawkers were perceived as an obstruc-

tion on the pedestrian path.

• More than 35% of hawkers required water supply. This

was either carried to the hawking location or purchased
Extracts of physical survey from hath-gadis or tankers.
500 25.39
• More than 35% of hawkers has access to storage space.
22.03 Hawkers Number (not including fashion street)
400
Accessories and gadget hawkers 461
• Only about 25% of the hawkers were in designated
Apparel (excluding fashion street) 191
300 hawking zones. (not including fashion street)
Apparel - fashion street + colaba causeway 400
12.2
10.7
Paan and cigarette walas 196
200 10.5
8.42 Chaiwalas 104

5.73 Service and repair 87

100 4.79
STD/PCO 153
Food 223
0
ts

Str g

eet

te

ala

air

od
rel ion udin
ge

ret

PC
ion et

ep

Fo
aiw
Str
e
ad

iga

dR

D/
l

Ch
dG

ash xc

dc

ST
l: E

an
ash
an

an

ce
are

:F
ry

an

r vi
F
p
so

Pa
Ap

Se
ces

pa
Ac

Ap

55 56
 Azad Maidan Food plaza

Way forward
1) Establish pedestrian priority: 3) All hawkers to be in utility zones that are 7) Hawker rules must also apply to - Cob-
Khav galli between Cross Maidan and Pedestrians will have to be given priority wider then 2.5m. bler Pitch/Stall, PCO Booth, Aarey Sarita
Churchgate Station at all times and hawker pitch allocations Stalls and other general stalls, police
by MCGM or decisions by the hawkers 4) Rotational system for use of hawker chowkies and public toilets.
Perin Nariman Street,
Bazaar Gate
committees may not in any way be in con- space:
flict with pedestrian movement at grade. Where licensed hawkers are in excess 8) Hawking not to be permissible on foot
Bora Bazaar Street to the available space, a rotational sys- over bridges, skywalks and flyovers.
2) Establish a clear set of rules for hawking tem could be put in place where a single
and establish the rights of hawkers so hawking spot may be used by multiple 9) Creation of hawking plazas:
PNB House R Kamani Road,
that hawkers, commuters and enforce- hawkers by establishing a clear time These can be created by removing exist-
Ballard Estate
ment authorities are clear regarding the schedule. ing parking from plazas and redesigning
rules as ambiguity leads to harassment them as hawking and pedestrian plazas.
and draft. 5) Establish minimum guidelines for each There should be safe access for pedestri-
street: ans to such hawker plazas in the form of
Decisions made by hawkers committee marked crossing, signalling etc.
must be moderated by these set of guide-
Clarify rules and rights lines. Such as- 10) Establish timings of vehicular servicing:
of hawkers. This graphic
rule book was created for NYC
• A minimum width acceptable for pedes- Vehicular servicing can be done at non-
vendors by an artist and Ur- trian movement. peak hours of the day, early morning or
N Master Road ban planner Candy Chang. • A minimum width for carriageways, right after business hours.
of way for servicing and fire trucks etc.
• These minimum mandatory widths should 9) Hawker stalls to be removed at the end
follow the UDPFI guidelines for pavement of the day (no part may be left behind),
widths based on the number of pedes- leaving the space clear for maintainance
trian users per hour wherever this can be and cleaning.
practically achieved.

6) Each hawking pitch needs to be clear-

ly specified by Ward committees and
marked on site along with the license of
CONCENTRATION OF FOOD HAWKERS the hawker occupying the spot. This is to
IN THE FORT PRECINCT ensure that a hawker limits his activities
Concentration of food hawkers
to the space designated and does not in
Tullock Road, Colaba
any way encroach onto pedestrian and
vehicular areas.
57
Concentration of food hawkers 58
(khao gallis)
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

14
6.0 Parking 6.2 Parking densities

crawford
precinct
market
and building use
6.1 Parking of Private cars is one of the largest space eaters of public space in the fort. Our
surveys of parking in fort show that 74% of parking is used by private vehicles. Cars are Parking in the Fort is concentrated
parked on pavements, at bus stop zones, double parked and in no parking area. They oc- near large establishments such as
cupy centre islands, plazas and spaces around heritage monuments meant as public spac- the High Courts, Stock Exchange

precinct
b.m.c
es. They surround gardens and block access to shop fronts. To reclaim the limited public and the Banks Victoria Terminus
space of the Fort precinct there needs to be proper management of parking demand.

To maximise public space for pedestrians it is necessary that policies be put in place to 3

precinct
discourage long term parking at the fort and to encourage the use of public transport

v.t
systems to get around by introducing a bus circulator system. Providing convenient and
frequent Air conditioned buses is the step in the right direction to encourage commut-
ers to step out of their cars and into public transport and needs to be extended to train
routes as well.
2 m
an
th

esplanade

bazargate
precinct

precinct
Parking in Fort Churchgate Station

ballard pier
6

precinct
In total 6,933 vehicles were counted Dr

Dr
Horniman Circle
bu
500

naval-dock
HDFC/

precinct
1138

precinct
fountain

horniman
High Court

precinct
circle
university
precinct
62

fort and sub-precincts boundary as defined by regulation

84
Taxis Discontinue the use of

oval maidan
Kala
Cars private open spaces for Ghoda
6
Heavy Vehicles parking and discourage Type of Vehicles parked-

all drawings are unscaled graphical representations and the project team does not hold any responsibility for the authenticity or ac
Travel buses private vehicles in the Density of private car parking
Tourist bus parking
Two wheelers Fort precinct

kala ghoda
5150 Heavy vehicles parking Regal Junction

precinct
Building use -

all drawings are extrapolated from information avaliable in the public realm and from
Commercial

majestic
precinct
Government
Residential

gateway
precinct

00
00 100 m 500 m

100
59 60

31

I N
RE
D
U
 4
18 Number of vehicles 6.2.1

d
Roa
ad
Ro
38 65 parked in Fort

raji
nd
ha

o
23 3
c
14

mM
ira
dH

tta
an
lch
10

ro
Wa

Na
treet
3

arg
5

Road
hoy S

M
89

bhdas
214

Road
70 62 69

eredia
b
Currim

i Valla
5

n
10 19

JNH

Wilso

Shoorj
arg
ani M m
hai Ka
18 6
Ramjib

Street
23 8 20

Street
treet

et
1 15 32

a Stre
6

ota

t
Goa S

n
44

t Stree
P D’m

urzba
ello

Road

Vaju K
5 20

Kumth

Street
63

Calicu
Adi M
9

Cochin
achan
Sha
4 8 hid Bhagat Singh Ro
21 25 10 8 18 ad

nd Hir
5 14 Mi n t

a
Road
6 5 12
Mint Road

Walch
Road
20 61 5
26 16 31

ge
2

St. Geor
Modi Street
Private cars
19

Manohar Lal path

21 13 47

Agiary Lane
D Das Lane
Taxis
31 15 33 8 26 23 9
Perin Nariman Street
Mint Roa
d Two wheeler
114 8 35 1113 14 25
82 Homji St

Bora masjid Lane

jid Lane
10
reet
23 7 15 Heavy vehicles

M K Amin Road
38 104 4 G Vaidya

Bora mas
15 11 1 1 4 41 ane

9
Sayed Abdulla Brelvi Road

arg
ji L

6 30
Marg
Jiva
ai Naroji road

ne

M
Tourist buses
70
Sayed A
Dr. Dadabh
74

Green Street
dabhoy La
Gola Lane

23
bd

wa

ad
ulla Bre
lvi Marg

5 48 17 465
J.J. Flyover

Sidh

o
5 39 36 7 24 25
Cawasji Pat

Maruti Lane
8 he14

hta R
el Roa d
Sh a

tom
b Marg
15 27
hid rg

Jeejibhoy Da
5 Bhausa 52 B hag
Ma

h Me
Mint

Rus
36 5 34 4
R oa d at Singh Roa
raj

oad
d
32 35 24
t
Raghunath Dadaji Stree Cawa
ha

ha
sji Patel Road

36

ala r

oad
28 59 Ma

ozes
113

Ambalal Doshi Road

74 76 10 67 a ji 14

adw
4

ad

ndhi R
46

i Marg
hiv

Pher
5

t
10

tree
o
93

i roa
ce r
S
30oad

Sukh
ati
35

al S
4 46

V B Ga
Pitha St

la

ad
5

bhoom
t Ra
re
ap
1
et
18

road
Wal
r

Dal
3 24 t

man Ro
rg

a R
48 52Bhushan

i
ranj
5 5 37 h
Ma

61 Ch
Banaji St

M Shetty Marg
rdas

t
4

Stree
reet

g
Janma
Cha

ar
6 110 29
k

M
aku
81
ila

i
9 55Mahakav

sh
91
n e

ri
aT

Modi
Walk la
33 Ro32

P Th

ba
24 31

Veer Na
Rope
25 18 44
ny

oad

hu
arg

arg
5
arg

15

KD
a

d
Homi
4 34
oad
m

R
22 16

hi M

Roa
ad
23 2 20

ni M
an r
16
aM

ha
r
k

e
N Mas
t
5
rzb
Lo

c
Mu

ik
ic
23

B B h a ru
lik

tawa
8

ndl
d oa d

adh
roa

oad
150 6
pa

ani gh R
68 75 5 Mahatma Gandhi Road 9 34 8 14

Ma
om Sin

MD
12
ha

N Mo

aR
an S gat
Bh a
Ma

arim

n
20 26

d
Alla
8
Naz hid

ad

Roa
Sh a
15 203 16

ma Ro

ad

JS
148

oa d
ry
19 11 31 20

University Road

Ro
A D’mello Road
5 89

n
50 4

He

nR
kh
60

lto
2 2

me Ca

ar i
7 3

o ad

r R oad
Wa
lP
8 h3atma Gandhi Road 9 28 33 53 21

en R
31

ala
29

arg
an Road

Mada

th

e
st M

Gard

Band
Na
Ma

Be
14

lo
m
Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Marg

Apol
Veer Nari
Cooperage
Road

28
5 subway
23 66 Maharshi Karve road
36 5 58 24 20 20 14
4
subway
subway

9
d a
ro a
at
ji T
ed
sh
m
62
Ja
61
 6.3 Re-Pricing Parking 6.4 Parking Guidelines
Reprice parking to reflect the cost of public space occupied - Resident Parking Guidelines
Current parking charges Proposed parking charges CONVENIENCE parking charges 1) New residential societies should build their own parking structure or pay parking
charges the same as commercial parking.
Two wheelers Four wheelers Suggested pay and park rates on-street parking at Priority convenience parking slots (convenient 2) Old residential building to be allowed on-street parking at the rate of 1 car per apart-
peak hours (10am to 6pm) slots in front of shops, government buildings,
1 hr - Re1 1 hr - Rs5 etc)
ment minus the number of car parking slots available within the society.(ie: Number of
2 hrs - Rs2 2 hrs - Rs8 First and second hour Rs 30 per hour apartment units - Parking slots in society = Number of car passes assigned for on-street
parking) All cars in excess to pay parking charges the same as commercial parking.
3 hrs - Rs3 3 hrs - Rs11 Third and Fourth hour Rs 40 per hour 15min increment upto Rs 15 each 3) Cancel all licenses of garages in residential societies which are used for non-parking
an hour
Beyond 4 hrs - Rs5 5 hrs - Rs17 Fifth hour onwards Rs 50 per hour usages.
Per hour after Rs 100 each
4) Ensure that on-street parking costs are equivalent to or higher then parking garages in
Off peak rates for on-street parking (6pm to 10am)
the area.
Per hour Rs 20

Parking usage pattern/ Duration

Duration Use Examples Parking needs to be behind the curb, in
case proximity to a Bus Stop.
2 mins Used at locations where people are likely to be picked up/ Drop-off or pick-up zones for passenger or Chruchgate Station, CST
dropped off and vehicle is likely to be attended goods Station, BSE drop off
5–10 mins Used at locations where people are likely to be picked up Hotels, movie theatres, airports, schools Enforcement
and dropped off
With any type of parking regulation, TAXI Parking
15 mins Used at locations where people exit the car for short-dura- Single land use facilities, eg dairy, banks ATMs
enforcement must be undertaken to
tion visits
effectively manage the parking system.
30 mins Locations with a high turnover of shoppers Number of small shops or multi-use shops D N road, Vir Nariman Without ongoing enforcement, road
Road, Collaba Causeway and
Tourist district
users will become complacent and
the measures put in place to manage
1 hour Where there is a high turnover of shoppers and major Major shopping centres, professional services Fountain, High Court area
congestion and parking issues will not
demand for parking (eg lawyers, medical centres, accountants)
be effective.
2 hours Major demand for parking Professional services Shopping centres High Court area, M G road
banks, BSE
There are three main methods for the
4 hours Used for those areas where all day parking is not desirable. Areas where shopping/professional services Ballard Estate, Horniman law enforcement of parking controls:
apply. circle.
1) Issuing tickets
2) Wheel clamping
3) Tow-away Tourist Buses
Tourist buses can be seen to be parked in the Tourist District, Special zones and parking
bays will need to be demarcated for the same
Source: Traffic Control Devices Manual Part 1, Parking Control,
LAND TRANSPORT NZ, Lkiiki Whenua Aotenaroa
63 64
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

6.5 Loading, Unloading & Service Vehicle Guidelines

Way forward
1) Removable /Retractable bollards are placed at the entry to pedestrian only streets.
This is to facilitate entry for emergency vehicle. Cleaning vehicle and loading vehicles are 1) Re-price parking to reflect the actual cost of public space occupied by parked car.
provided access thru the street at designated times of the day. This is generally during late
night and early morning hours 2) Encourage short term parking and discourage long term parking.
(e.g.: between 10 pm to 8 am)
2) A manoverable path of 14ft width must be left for access by emergency and cleaning
vehicles. 3) New Residential societies to build their own parking structures or pay parking charges the
3) As most loading and unloading activites within the Fort occurs in the middle of the same as commercial parking.
street, this should be permitted at non-peak hours (for example between 8pm and 8am).
Service vehicles such as CMC garbage trucks will also only operate during these times. 4) Old Residential building to be allowed on street parking at the rate of one car per
apartment unit minus the number of cars parking slots available within the society.( i.e.:
number of apartment units – parking slots in society=number of car passes assigned
for street parking) All cars in excess to pay parking charges the same as commercial
6.6 Parking Signage parking.
BUS STOP- The sign indicates which bus NO PARKING
routes stop at this location, their destination REGULATION
5) Cancel all licenses of garages which are used for non-parking usage.
and the bus stop address. No standing Sign indicates that
regulations apply. This means that you may vehicles may NOT 6) Provide special parking zones for tourist buses.
NOT wait or stop to load/unload packages park at this location
or merchandise at curbside. You may stop to at any time. You 7) Define and enforce loading and unloading times for all vehicles servicing the fort.
expeditiously drop off or pick up passengers. may stop to load/
unload packages or
merchandise at curb 8) Provide clear and well designed parking signage.
side and you may stop to expeditiously
drop off or pick up passengers

NO STOPPING
REGULATION
Sign indicates that
vehicles may NOT
stop at this loca-
tion at any time. You may not wait, stop
to load/unload packages or merchandise
No standing regulations apply during speci-
at curbside, or drop off or pick up pas-
fied hours except for commercial vehicles or
sengers at this location.
trucks.

Source: www.nyc.com

65 66
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

7.0 Transport Interchanges

Commuters arrive at the fort either by Train, Bus or Taxi, and become pedestrians
who often use more than one mode of public transport to get around. This point of
interchange between systems of transport needs to be safe and easy to navigate.

To make the city more pedestrian-friendly, the emphasis must be on integrated trans-
port strategies which provide a choice of different means of travel, with purpose-built
interchanges ensuring that the transfer from one mode to another is achieved quickly,
conveniently and reliably.

A well co-ordinated public transport network is clearly essential; but other physical
factors that aid smooth connections include the accessibility of the interchange ter-
minal (including disabled access), its layout and operational efficiency and the ready
availability of travel information.

In these recommendation we have looked at Bus stops and Taxi transfers, Pedestrian
paths and crossings at the two train terminals Churchgate and Chatrapati Shivaji Ter-
minus (CST) and the introduction of a bus circulator. Signage and way finding also
plays a crucial role in easing the stress of navigation.

Source: ‘Above Bombay’, Jehangir Sorabjee

67 68
 7.1 Churchgate Station
Oval Maidan

n
ga te Statio
Church

Even though there are underpasses at Churchgate station The entire corner of the front of churchgate station is occupied by a
junction and many commuters choose to use them there are fenced and landscaped garden with animal sculptures and a public
still a substantial number of pedestrians who defy the railings toilet. This space which should rightfully be a pedestrian apron
and baricades placed in this junstion and choose to cross the from which to access the station building is currently occupied with
road at grade. They sqeeze through barricades in front of the facilities that could be easily placed elsewhere. Those trying to make
churchgate station entrance on Marine Lines to enter the their way from Marine lines to Marine Drive are forced to walk on
station. Passengers waiting for buses stand on the road as the the street.
barricades stop them from acessing the pavement and the
newly fabricated stainless steel bus stops are too narrow for the This node serves as the starting point for share-cabs which gather at
large crowd that waits here. Multiple bus routes converge to each of the turns as they collect passengers. This facility needs to be
this point and can be seen double parked in the 2nd and third considered in the redsign of this vital interchange point as does the
lanes as they pick up passengers sometimes cutting off all traffic interchange from the buses that arrive here. Parking located for three
behind them. Taxix also do the same as they pick up and drop wheelers and cars at this crucial junction may be a misallocation of
off passengers. space that would be better used to design share cab parking.
Source: Google Earth

69 70
 7.2 Victoria Terminus / CST

inus
Victoria Term

Source: Google Earth

Even though CST node seems to functions better then Church- Here right under the nose of the MCGM, the pavements
gate node this is possibly because of the tight barricades and high are generally hawker free though official security points and
medians that prevent pedestrians from crossing the street on grade
and forcing them to use the pedestrian underpasses. Here the bus
cordons still inconvenience and obstruct pedestrians. Pedestri-
ans are unable to cross DN Road on grade though a few brave Way forward
stop is located right next to the train station as a logical extension souls still try. This is definitely a node that has given priority to
of the station zone. However the garden next to it is fenced off and the private vehicle and pedestrians and taxis come after other 1) Redesign critical commuter junctions to give priority to pedestrians at grade.
cannot be used in any way that will enhance this public transport forms of public transport. This is a situation that has to be
interchange point. rectified so that pedestrians can reclaim their right full place on
the ground and are not relegated to subterranean tunnels.
2) Create pedestrian plaza in front of CST and Church gate stations to facilitate interchange
A Share cab starting point for numerous destinations, taxis are from trains to taxis and buses.
forced to park illegally here and daily risk being ticketed as no
facilities are proovided for this obvious commuter need.

71 72
 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

8.0 FORT CIRCULATOR 8.2 Proposal 1 for Circulator

Blue Bus Routes (anticlockwise) | Red Bus Routes (clockwise)
8.1 The FORT Circulator is proposed as a resource for commuters in the Fort. Key Features:
There will be a single loop service to corporate and government offices entertainment
- Ac/ Non -AC
and restaurants in fort, colaba, nariman point, crawford market, CST and churchgate - Runs free of cost
- Electric/CNG vehicle- Every 5 minutes; Crawford Market
The circulator may runs free of cost so no conductor may be necessary to collect fare, Mon-Sat Hours: 7:00 AM - 11:00 PM
just a driver. Sun Hours: 1:00 PM - 8:00 PM
Revenue for running this service can be generated by advertising on buses. However, the - No conductor necessary
advertising must not cover the windows of the bus and passengers should have a clear
view in order to identify landmarks.
The interior of the bus should provide comfortable standing room for hop-on hop-
off passengers. Seating may be provided on the periphery of the bus with a large open Metro Theatre
central space for standing passengers.
Buses may be air-conditioned but there will be delay for door opening and closing at
each stop.
Azad Maidan
Victoria Terminus

Marine Drive
Ballard Estate

Churchgate Station

Horniman Circle

Oval
Maidan 150m R

Mantralaya
Regal Junction

Gateway of India

Source: Google Earth

73 74
 Proposal 2 for Circulator 8.3

1 Churchgate Station - Metro Theatre - Victoria Terminus

- D N Road - Flora Fountain

2 Mantralaya - Churchgate Station - Flora Fountain - D N

Road - Victoria Terminus - Crawford Market
Ballard Estate
3 Churchgate Station - Flora Fountain - Regal Theatre -
5 Navi Mumbai (R C Church)

Regal Theatre 4 Churchgate Station - Flora Fountain - D N Road - Bal-

lard Estate
4
5 Victoria Terminus - Shahid Bhagat Singh Road - Regal
Victoria Terminus Flora Fountain Theatre - Navi Mumbai (R C Church)
3
Crawford Market

Churchgate Station
2
Metro Theatre Mantralaya R C Church

Way forward
1) Implement the Fort Circulator
in collaboration with BEST by
defining the bus stops, route
and dedicating buses for this
purpose.

2) Create awareness of the route

and service.

Source: Google Earth

75 76
 9.0 Social Infrastructure Public Toilets

Need toilets here

d
Roa
ad
Ro
Drinking water fountains

raji
nd
ha

Mo
c
ira
dH

t am
an
lch Need drinking water foun-

rot
Wa

Na
tains here

t
Stree

arg
oad

M
bhoy

bhdas
Heritage Pyavs

Road
eredia
Currim

i Valla
n
JNH

Wilso

Shoorj
Food Court/ Streets
arg
ani M m
hai Ka
Ramjib

Street

t
nStree
treet

et
High traffic commuter routes

a Stre
ota

Street
G oa S
P D’m

urzba
ello

R oa d

Vaju K

Kumth

Street
t
Calicu
Adi M
d

Cochin
achan
Shah
id B ha g
at Sin
gh Ro
4

nd Hir
a d
1 Mi n t

a
Mint Road Road

Walch
ge Road
5 Heritage Pyavs:

St. Geor
Modi Street

Manohar Lal path

2

Agiary Lane
D Das Lane
Perin Nariman Street

Mint Roa
1) Devidas Purshottamdas Kothari
d
Homji St kabutarkhana & pyav.

Bora masjid Lane

sjid Lane
reet

M K Amin Road
For Khao Galli
G Vaidya Opposite GPO at the junction of

Bora ma
ane Sayed Abdulla Brelvi Road
6

arg
ji L Marg
Jiva
roji road For Food Plaza Mint Road and Walchand

ne
Sayed A

M
Na
Dr. Dadabhai

Green Street
bd

dabhoy La
Gola Lane
ulla Brel

wa

ad
J.J. Flyover vi Marg

Sidh

o
Cawasji Pat

Maruti Lane
Hirachand Road

hta R
el Roa d
Sh a

tom
rg hid rg

Jeejibhoy Da
eb Ma
hausah Ma
B hag

h Me
Mint

Rus
B at Singh Roa
R oa d
At Dalal Street j 2) Bomanjee Hormasjee Wadia

oad
d
ara
t
Raghunath Dadaji Stree Cawa

ha
sji
ah
Patel Road

ala r

oad
ozes
At junction of Perin Nairman Street

Ambalal Doshi Road

ji M

adw

ad

ndhi R
iva

Marg
3

Pher

t
d

tree
o
Sh

i roa
3) Fountain at St. Thomas Cathedral

ce r
Sukh
ti

al S
pa

V B Ga
Pitha St

hoomi
a

ad
t Ra
reet
ad

Wall
tra

road

Dal
Ro
4) Ruttontsee Mul’ee Fountain

man Ro
arg

ha

ranji
n
Banaji St h ha

M Shetty Marg
Janmab
rdas

eet
kM

reet C us

g
Cha

ar
h
At intersection of Mint road and

odi Str
B

M
aku
a

vi
Til

sh
n e ka

ri
Walk la

P Th
ha

ba
ya

Veer Na
Rope a
Shahid Bhagat Singh Road

ad

hu
M
g
an

arg
rg

Mar

KD
Ro

oad
Homi
oad
km

Ma

ad

ni M
ter Ro
an r

c ha
ichi

ik R
N Mas 5) Madhavdas Laxmidas Lothari Pyav
rzb
Lo

ka

Mu

B B h a ru
At Flora

tawa

ndl
oad oa d

adh
li

oad
ni r
pa

R h
ma Sing

Ma
6) Pyav inside Crawford Market

MD
ha

N Mo
o

aR
an S gat
Fountain Bh a
Ma

arim

d
Alla
Naz Mahatma Gandhi Road hid

ad

Roa
Sh a

ma Ro

ad

JS

oa d
At Kala Ghoda

ry
University Road

Ro
A D’mello Road
At Colaba Causeway

n
He

nR
kh

lto
me Ca

ari

o ad

r R oad
Wa
lP

en R
la

arg
hi Road

Road

a
Mada
a Gand

th

e
st M

Gard

Band
5 Mahatm

Na

Be
iman

lo
For Khao Galli Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Marg

Apol
Cooperage

Veer Nar
Road
For this major
pedestrian traf- At Cooperage
fic corridor
Maharshi Karve road

d a
ro a
at
ji T
ed
sh
m
Ja

77 78
 tAXI tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC NGo MHCC Stakeholders

9.1 Drinking Water fountains and pyavs Toilets 9.2

5 Heritage Pyavs:- Locating toilets
1) Devidas Purshottamdas Kothari kabutarkhana & pyav. • Toilets can be located with access from the pavement but not occupying the clear
Opposite GPO at the junction of Mint Road and Walchand Hirachand Road footpath zone.
2) Bomanjee Hormasjee Wadia • Toilets such as the one located on the corner of K Dubash Marg is built in the middle
At junction of Perin Nairman Street of the pavement. In such cases it is advisable that the pavement is widened around the
3) Fountain at St. Thomas Cathedral toilet to maintain the width of the pedestrian path.
4) Ruttontsee Mul’ee Fountain
At intersection of Mint road and Shahid Bhagat Singh Road
5) Madhavdas Laxmidas Lothari Pyav
6) Pyav inside Crawford Market
At Prince of Wales Museum

Way forward
1) There are 6 public drinking water fountains in the fort.
Many more public drinking water fountains need to be On D.N. Road, Flora Fountain Junction

provided in the suggested localities in utility zones of

pavement or other appropriate spaces.
Reconfigured footpath to allow clear path around
existing toilet and reorganised pavement elements
Water fountains need to be located in the following
areas: Toilet at Corner of K Dubash Marg,Kalaghoda and

1) Oval Maidan 6) At Flora Fountain

Toliet at churchgate station occutpies entire pavement
Way forward
2) Cross Maidan 7) Prince of Wales Museum 1) Ensure that toilets are not an obstruction on the pave-
3) Azad Maidan 8) Ballard Estate ment.
(Repair and renew existing pyav)
9) Bazaargate On D.N. Road, Flora Fountain Junction
4) Crawford Market 10) Churchgate 2) Implement a stronger cleaning and maintenance re-
(Repair and renew existing pyav)
11) Colaba Causeway gime for the toilets that have already been built.
5) Near MCGM offices 12) Cooperage Grounds At Gateway of India

3) Provide new toilets in the locales identified taking into

2) Renovating Heritage pyaavs - Heritage pyaavs that
account the distribution of toilets in Fort. The following
are neglected and disused should be conserved and
areas have been identified as needing toilets as there
renovated and brought back into public use. These
are none in the proximity-
traditional piyaos are a heritage sensitive answer to the
1) Colaba causeway 3) Bazaargate
need for water fountains in the fort precinct.
2) Ballard estate 4) Bombay stock exchange
At the plaza of Gateway of India Near Victoria Terminus

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 tAXI
NGo MHCC Stakeholders

9.3 Seating Formal seating in Fort

Informal seating in Fort

Way forward
• Provide more formal and
informal seating area in
public squares and in the
utility zones of pavement
and under trees.

Seating- formal and informal

Tree cover on pavement

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 tAXI
Stakeholders NGo MHCC

10.0 Solid Waste Management Way Forward

1) Locating, sorting and cleaning facilities for tied by street sweepers in the beat area.
rag pickers: Trash cans requiring maintenance or re-
The possible area wise breakup for locating placement should be immediately notified
a sorting facility - to a maintenance department.
• Ballard Estate for the CBD area
• Crawford Market and Bazaar area 6) Keeping users informed as to the timings
• Marine Drive area for waste pick up and the systems that are
• Colaba area being put in place.
In order to implement this, a clear timeta-
2) Locating area composting units: ble and other systems will need to be put
Locate an area composting unit only for A in place and followed. Only after a reliable
ward as it is furthest away from the land fill. and predictable system has been put in
• Clean Air Island Pumping Station in Colaba place can people be expected to synchro-
• Sassoon Dock. nize their garbage disposal with the gar-
• Large establishments such as markets to bage collection system to ensure the mini-
implement their own composting facility on mum of litter and garbage lying around.
site.
7) Enforce cleanliness:
3) Implementing an on-call waste pick up sys- Activate and empower cleaning marshalls
tem for construction debris and the dump to enforce cleanliness among public. Fine
trucks to be monitored by GPS to prevent littering, spitting and urination. MCGM and
illegal land filling. press to run a campaign to advocate this.
Police, Street sweepers and BMC workers
4) Extra pickup for large waste generators: to have authority to impose this fine.
Provide higher frequency of garbage pick-up
services for large waste generators such as 8) Cleaning area for hawkers:
restaurants and markets to prevent build up Provide centralised zones in hawker areas
of garbage at these locations. for cleaning of vessels etc.

5) Locating of trash cans:

A significantly larger number of trash cans
will need to be installed along all pavement
routes. These are to be checked and emp-

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 10.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPOSTING RECYCLING PLASTIC 10.2 10.3 CITY WASTE Disposal Process

Say we need to process 200 tons per day of compostable waste Hazardous waste and bio medical waste | Construction waste | Wet waste | Technology waste | Dry waste, bulk waste
in A Ward. It is estimated that this would probably need about (collected on call)
(collected once a month and taken to (collected everyday (collected on call) (collected on call)
6 acres or little over 2.5 hectares of land. The composting facility Broadly, the following technologies are available: a centralized sorting facility for sort- to be taken to a
will also need to accommodate space for equipment storage, 1. Recycling, consisting of making Plastic Granules to be mould- ing and disposal) facility located in
compost storage, screening and sizing machinery, grinders and ed into goods thereafter. the area)
shredders. The facility would need covered sheds to prevent the 2. In the construction of Tar Roads.
compost from getting too wet in the monsoon and concrete pads 3. Conversion into Petroleum (Refuse Derived fuel, or RDF).
for the composting area to prevent leachate from entering the 4. Disposal in Cement Manufacturing Kilns.
ground. The compost will need to be oxygenated by turning 5. Disposal in Blast furnaces.
or other methods to prevent anaerobic decomposition and the 6. Energy recovery and /or Generation of Power in Incinerators.
resultant smells from occurring. The presence of rodents and 7. Plasma Pyrolysis.
vermin may not be avoidable as well as stray dogs and crows etc. 8. Disintegrating plastics by processing into the basic Chemicals
The site will need power and water supply for moistening the which are harmless.
compost 9. Disposing off the waste by using some bacteria.
Practically Feasible and Economically Viable Method of Disposal
The ratio of the compost needs to be maintained between of Plastic Waste
nitrogen substances (fresh greens) and
carbon substances (dry leaves) in order to
Organic Wastes Inorganic Wastes Inorganic Wastes
achieve proper composting.
This ratio is to be ideally kept at 30:1 for Biodegradable Recyclable Non recyclable
Carbon: Nitrogen though the ration may Kitchen Wastes Newspapers Old medicines Incineration
vary between 20 and 40 Tea Leaves Paper books and magazines Paints
Another method is the something called
the EcoPOD formulated by agbag Egg Shells Glass Fluorescent tubes
environmental that would eliminate many Vegetables Wires Spray cans
of these problems using an innovative plastic Fruit and Vegetable peels Recycling
Fertilizers & pesticide con-
tainers &
tube for storing the compostable material
Downcycling
during the process. This is oxygenated Meat, bones Plastic Batteries
mechanically and odor vermin and animals
Metal objects Metals Shoe polish
as well as wind drifting nuisances are
removed. Flowers, fruits & vegetables Rags Other domestic hazardous
wastes
(www.ag-bag.com)
Garden and animal wastes Leather Land fill Composte

Leaf litter Rexine

Soiled paper Rubbers
Scraps of paper Thermocol / Styrofoam
House dust after cleaning
Coconut shells
Generated in Greater Mumbai and major cities of Maha-
rashtra.Report prepared for Maharashtra Pollution Control
Board, Eco friend and Co. 2009
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 Collection Segregation Recycling
Categories of Waste Process Recommendation
Categories of Waste Process Recommendation

Wet kitch- • Vegetable and Fruit waste • Collected and sent to Landfill or De- • Centralised composting Small quantities of construction On call pick up by private transportation Debris will be picked up by
Compostable waste

en waste • Meat bones kitchen scraps centralised bulk composting shared by facility for area or ward such MCGM within 24 hours of
street sweepings coffee and tea grind neighbourhood buildings in a convenient as the initiative by being called in by the dispos-
organic compost • Garden and animal waste location close to source. This may be more • Clean Air Island at the er. This will be consolidated

Construction Waste to fill

from hawker • Leaf litter conveniently done by residential buildings. Colaba Pumping Station and sent to land fill sites that
stalls • Egg shells •Offices and Commercial buildings may could also be put in place. require construction debris.

sites/ on call pick up

• Cartons of paper not be so interested in participating in This can be extended to Bulk construction debris The land fill site can pay a fee for obtain- A database of required
• Soiled paper and paper such a scheme more locations in the area. ing the fill material as well as the disposer filling operations will have
scraps, Paper plates and cups • Bulk producers of compostable waste will pay a fee for disposal. to be maintained in order
• House dust after cleaning such as restaurants may also not have the to ensure that demand and
Coconut shells same composting on their premises. supply can be coordinated
The collection transport
recyclables

Waste that al- • Paper, glass, aluminium Can continue to be collected at source by
ready has an es- and plastic the radhdhi wala. Sorting is simple and and disposal of construction
tablished system materials are sold directly to the exporter/ debris can be handled
Direct

of recycling recycler. through independent

contractors selected by the
MCGM
• Plastic Wraping Down-cyclable waste needs sorting and • Sorting and cleaning cen-
• Tetrapacks cleaning before being re-used to make tres to be established at loca- Syringes Waste is picked up from en-
Other recyclables

Rest • Oil bottles poducts of a lower raw material quality. tions to close to each source Hospital Waste tities that produce bio medi-

hazardous waste
Waste needing Bio-medical and
• Soft drink bottles area.These will be serviced cal waste and are registered
• Styrofoam Plates and cups and used by rag pickers who for this service.
• Bubble packaging and blis- currently do this work in the Biomedical waste from homes Hazardous waste from source
ter packs Shoes and Chappals pavements and other open to be collected on a monthly
• Plastic bottles containg spaces. basis from various areas and
chemicals and detergents forwarded to the recycling
makeup and creams Clean facility.
and soiled Plastic Bags
• Soiled Diapers and Sanitary napkins Waste that can only be disposed through It can be collected in
Batteries Technology waste that requires some • Upholstery cushioning and rugs incineration separately in segregated bags

Incineration
Electronic waste and applianes amount of technical knowledge for • Leather, Rexene, Rubbers at source on a daily basis and
Old medicines separation of valuable resources needs • Old Clothing, Rags sent directly to a controlled
Technology Waste

AEROSOL CANS to handles at a centralised location for • Timber Waste incineration/energy

Paints and Thinners Mumbai. The MMRDA has initiated • Laminates and boards generation unit located in
Printer Cartidges/ Ink plans for such a facility. each area
Videotapes and CD’s
Other than that the only place that does This waste can be collected • Only waste that cannot be disposed of Only waste that cannot be
Fluorescent tubes and bulbs
some sort of technology waste recycling from every area on a month- through any of the above methods will make it disposed of through any of
Fertilizers & pesticide containers

Waste for
is located in the area of Lamington Road. ly basis and sent directly to to a city landfill the above methods will make
Shoe polish

Landfill
These recyclers are not able to completely the recycling facility it to a city landfill
Other domestichazardous wastes
reuse and recycle all of the valuable
components of technology waste.

87 88
 FMP PROJECT 1994-2007
Research Projects: A typical inventory for a structure includes studying the building
under various parameters such as access, ownership, usage,
the area. This project was initiated by local citizen’s organizations
and sponsored by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation.
used urban node and area. The recommendation range from
issues to do with commuter interchange designs to pedestrianize
A more detailed inventory of UDRI’s Research Projects in the
area of conservation are as follows: planning, style and special features and making recordings of some streets as well as improvements in the streetscape through
these. It also involves examining the materials used and making • 20th Century Architecture Society of India: This Society has appropriate street furniture, allocation of space for hawkers etc.
an overall assessment of the condition, which would help in been formed with the support of the UDRI to list and document (1998-99).
• Listing And Grading Of Heritage Buildings And Precincts in
gauging any threat to the structure. architecture of the 20th century. The Society’s aim is to create
Greater Mumbai.
awareness through lectures, seminars, exhibitions and publications
The Mumbai Metropolitan Regional Heritage Conservation
Society commissioned a project with a two-fold mandate This technical assessment was supported with detailed photo on Twentieth Century Architecture in India and South Asia. The Publications:
documentation and data from various sources like the Urban objectives include the setting up of an archive and lobbying with Publications in the form of monographs on issues related to
A. Re-evaluation of the existing list: Design Research Institute Database, archival material and State Governments for their protection. Urban Design and Architecture. The publications are prepared
a. To record the changes that have occurred since the 1995 other sources. with the view to inform the policy making process. Some of the
listing in the buildings and precincts that had been listed. This • Kala Ghoda Conservation Plan: The UDRI initiated the books published by UDRI between 1994 and 2004 relating to
would indicate the effectivity of the regulations in controlling • Status Report on Grade - I Heritage Structures: The UDRI formulation of an Association of users and building owners in conservation are as follows:
the development of the sites. commissioned a Conservation Architect to survey and document the Kala Ghoda area of Bombay. Together with the Association,
b. To re-evaluate the sites on the basis of the changes that are Grade - I Heritage Structures in Mumbai with recommendations UDRI undertook extensive documentation and mapping of the • Conservation After Legislation - Issues and Ideas for Bombay:
observed; and on the basis of the value of the project as per the regarding what needs to be done viz: the conservation of these area together with proposals for how this area could be treated co-edited with Abha Narain Lambah, published by the, Urban
Heritage guidelines. Thus new Grading suggestions along with historically important buildings (1998). as an Art District. An art festival was organized in Jan 1999 to Design Research Institute, Bombay, 2004
the elaboration of the Special Features and the Value Classifi- bring the area into public focus. The funds generated from the
cation will be made. • Conservation Proposal for Fort Precinct: A project team set festival were used to restore the buildings and street furniture in • Creating A Tourist District -The Gateway Of India Precinct:
c. To remove inconsistencies and errors that may exist in the up by UDRI to document (through maps and photographs) the area. The UDRI co-ordinated the physical interventions and A proposal for upgrading and managing the area. Prepared and
existing list. These would include spelling errors, mistakes in the entire Fort Precinct with the intent of having it designated improvement schemes in the area. (1998-99). published by Urban Design Research Institute, Sponsored by :
addresses, the duplication of buildings, etc. a Conservation Zone. The project also included cataloguing all • Ballard Estate Conservation Plan: The UDRI were commissioned Indian Hotels Company Limited, 2004.
These were classified as Tasks 1 and 2 with Task 1 being the re- conservation worthy individual buildings in the area as well as by the Ballard Estate Association and Bombay First to prepare
valuation of the sites numbered 1 to 316, along with the Fort suggesting legislative modifications and financial incentives, in for the conservation as well as an Urban Management for this
Precinct (numbered as 633) order for the government to legislate the area as a Conservation business district (1999). • Heritage Buildings & Precincts Mumbai – A Conservation
Zone. In November, 1994 this proposal was submitted to the Manual for Owners & Occupiers: This booklet is a guide to
B. Suggestions for the addition of new sites to the listing in government and made legislation in (1995) • Restoration of the Horniman Circle and a Banking District understanding the need for the protection and restoration of
the following areas for Bombay: This report was prepared for the Horniman Circle heritage buildings and precincts. This book was published by
a. The Island City of Mumbai • Tourist District Plan: This involved mapping an area in south Garden Trust and outlines issues for conservation of the Horniman Urban Design Research Institute 2002
b. The Western suburbs Bombay in order to position it as a Tourist District for the city. Circle in addition to recommendations for the Conservation of
c. The Eastern suburbs The effort also included facilitating the creation of a citizens buildings around it (1998). • Restoring a Banking District: This brochure, prepared for the
group for the area. The plan outlined assets and resources in the Horniman Circle Association, outlines the crucial issues that
The Urban Design Research Institute (UDRI) was assigned Task area from a tourism perspective and outlined a strategy for the • Conservation Study for Esplanade Mansion: The UDRI must be dealt with in order to formulate a comprehensive plan
1 of the above outlined project. The scope of this study for the establishment of the District. documented the Esplanade Mansion (formally Watson’s Hotel). for the emerging Banking District, centered on the Horniman
Urban Design Research Institute was to review and rectify the The project was funded by the Renzo Piano Foundation.(1998- Circle. Suggestions are offered for the physical improvement of
existing heritage list that is enumerated in items 1 to 316 along • Churchgate Revival Plan: This proposal focused on evolving a 99). this area 1999
with item 633 of the ‘Heritage Regulations for Greater Bombay, Master Plan for the Churchgate area to create a framework within
1995’. This was to be supported with an exhaustive database, which the citizen’s groups that exist in the precinct as well as the • Master Plan for the Churchgate Area in Bombay: The UDRI • Buildings in the Kala Ghoda Art District: The catalogue
which would consist of making detail inventories for each and different establishments that are located there can interact in together with five Resident Associations and the Bombay highlights the qualities of this area and its unique positioning as
every building and precinct. order to create a transformation in the physical environment of Municipal Corporation prepared a Master Plan for this intensely a centre of cultural and artistic activities in the heart of Mumbai.

89 90
 The buildings of the area are presented in the form of plans, Institute. The conference involved participants from Denmark,
elevations and sectional drawings. This book was published jointly Germany, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and India. The intention of the
with the Max Mueller Bhavan and Marg Publications.2000 conference was to articulate a position towards evolving a charter
specific to the conservation of Colonial Cities in the South Asian
• Ballard Estate: A Corporate District: This book is based on a context (February 27– 28, 2003)
report prepared by UDRI and Bombay First for the Ballard Estate
Welfare Association and outlines the crucial issues that must be • Conservation After Legislation - Issues and Ideas for Bombay:
dealt with in order to formulate a comprehensive plan for this In April 1995 the draft regulation for the protection of heritage
area. Suggestions are offered for the enhancement of the Estate as buildings became legislation. This was a landmark event in the
a conservation area while facilitating its use as a commercial and history of conservation in India. The protection of buildings and
corporate district. 2000 precincts in the city by this legislation formalized a movement
that had been evolving over the preceding two decades. The
• Through the Looking Glass – The Grade I Heritage of Mumbai: legislation (The Heritage Regulations for Greater Bombay -
This book is authored by Conservation Architect Abha Narain 1995) was in operation for exactly five years when the conference
Lambah, published by the UDRI, documents the condition of took place. While there had been many successes, numerous
Grade I Heritage buildings in Bombay and inventories their issues simultaneously emerged highlighting the need for the
present condition. 2003 legislation to further evolve to meet changing needs as well as
respond to contemporary aspirations of the city. In order to
• Churchgate Revival: This publication documents the Master facilitate this process of examining the Heritage Legislation, the
Plan prepared by the UDRI for the Churchgate area. The plan UDRI organized this seminar to bring together experts in the
addresses issues of traffic management, street furniture and field to examine, evaluate as well as suggest directions and ideas
suggests way the area can be pedestrianized in the future. (2002) for the evolution of the legislation. The seminar was divided over
• From The 50’s: This publication brought out in collaboration two days into four sessions - each focusing on particular aspects
with The Twentieth Century Architectural Society of India (20 of the legislation. The objective of the conference was to initiate
CASI) documents four significant architectural projects form a debate on the next steps - that architects, planners and citizens
the 1950’s in Bombay. The publication contains drawings, who are concerned with the conservation of Bombay’s built
photographs and brief histories of these buildings. 2001 heritage need to focus on to take the conservation movement
Public Events: to its logical next step (April 2000).
• Conservation Conversations II : Organized to coincide with
A Lecture Series involving speakers from all over India as well as
abroad that created a wonderful forum on a wide spectrum of
the conference titled Conservation after Legislation, this was
contemporary issues that included conservation and urbanism in the second of a public meet where the Heritage Committee
general. that advises the Municipal Commissioner on the conservation
of historic buildings could meet with the public (April 2000).
• Conservation Conversation III: Was the third in a Series of
interfaces between the Heritage Committee and the Public (April • Conservation Conversations: Organized on World Heritage
2003) Day, 18 April, 1998, this workshop involved a public meeting
with the Heritage Committee - for the first time since its
• The Conservation Of Colonial Cities: Was organized by inception the committee interacted with the public on issues
the Max Mueller Bhavan Bombay, & Urban Design Research related to conservation in Bombay. (April, 1998)

91 92
 Fort Management Plan Project Credits URBAN DESIGN RESEARCH INSTITUTE
43, V B GANDHI MARG, KALAGHODA
FORT, MUMBAI 400 023
Project Director Acknowledgements TEL: (91-22) 6573 5773 / 2282 2924
Pankaj Joshi ‘Designated Open spaces in Fort’,
EMAIL: info@udri.org
A survey and analysis -
Charlotte Michaut WEBSITE: www.udri.org
Analysis and Illustrations
Deepali Mody, Ankit Bhargava
Solid Waste Management The Urban Design Research Institute is a public charitable trust setup
‘Neighbourhood Cleanliness Audit Toolkit’ a in 1983 dedicated to the protection of built environments and the
Book Design survey prepared for use by citizen groups- improvement of urban communities. Understanding that an inter-
Ankit Bhargava Lauran Drown, Jessica Kozlowski Russell, disciplinary and holistic view of our urban environment will lead to
Supriya Varadhan practical solutions for its improvement, the UDRI provides a forum
Survey Documentation and Coordination promoting interaction between architects, urban designers and profes-
Deepali Mody Traffic and Transport Management sionals from related fields such as economics, sociology, planning,
Kirti Makhija, Pawan Bang Basic observations and recommendations were conservation and history. To this end, the UDRI organizes public
Ritu Deskmukh, Gulshan Kumar taken from studies by - lectures, exhibitions and fora, as well as publications, a research fel-
Max Leinenkugel, Anupam Saurabh lowship programme, the Bombay Studio and a Research and Resource
Students of Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Architecture, Navi Mumbai: Center focused on the study of Mumbai. UDRI has undertaken
Akshada Thakur Lognadhan Gowda Priyanka Mohite Architectural Documentation successfully several urban conservation projects and initiatives which
Amit Kadam Mahesh Zinzad Rahul Walimbe Pankaj Joshi Consultants are research based as well as have been implemented as policy and on
Ankush Tripati Manali Rane Sanjay Gangeria Students of Technical University, Berlin site as physical projects. To this effect UDRI is geared to undertake
Aruna Pangle Manish Jethmalani Sayali Patil research / policy drafting for culturally significant sites through its
Babita Mariya Daruwala Sayantini Fort Heritage Study studio, programs and publications.
Bapu Kawthankar Mrunmmayee Desh- Shefali Naik The Fort Precinct in Bombay, A Proposal for
Bhagyashree Patil pande Shreya Kshatriya Area Conservation Vol II, compiled by -
Deven Bhadesiya Nafees Khan Shubangi Rahul Mehrotra, Sandhya Savant
Dipti Shukla Neelam Deshmukh Sophia Rayin
Divya Jhawar Neha Chavan Stuti Damania Photo Credits
Farzan A R Juwle Neha Karayi Swapnali Takke Students of Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of
Fatima Sheikh Nikita Mathur Taher Rangwala Architecture
Gaurav Singh Oshmi Ghosh Urvi Jain Charlotte Michaut
Hareesh Haridasan Pooja Gori Varsha Naik ‘Above Bombay’, Jehangir Sorabjee
Hemant Jaiswar Prajakta Sawalkar Varsha Patel
Isha Khot Pramod Gondkar Vidya Jaiswal The UDRI staff
Jinesh Rathod Prasad Bhandarkar Vikas Padalkar Isaac Mathew
Kimaya Bhonsale Priyal Desai Vrushali Deogaonkar Omkar Gupta
Kristel Dias Priyanka Kabra Ian Nazareth Published By:
Rosaline Vaz Urban Design Research Institute
Priyanka Sane 43, Dr. V.B. Gandhi Marg, Kala Ghoda, Fort, Mumbai 400 023
Alfred Fernandez
Ganesh Bhoir All Rights Reserved
No part of this book may be produced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
written permission of the publisher, except where permitted by law.

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