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Example: Lateral Vibration of Beams: y (X, T 0) y

The document summarizes the method for solving the lateral vibration of beams. It describes using separation of variables to split the vibration equation into spatial and temporal parts. The spatial part is solved for different beam boundary conditions, like fixed-pinned, to determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes. As an example, it shows the detailed solution for a fixed-pinned beam by substituting the boundary conditions into the spatial equation and solving the resulting matrix.

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Ayushman Dwivedi
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146 views3 pages

Example: Lateral Vibration of Beams: y (X, T 0) y

The document summarizes the method for solving the lateral vibration of beams. It describes using separation of variables to split the vibration equation into spatial and temporal parts. The spatial part is solved for different beam boundary conditions, like fixed-pinned, to determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes. As an example, it shows the detailed solution for a fixed-pinned beam by substituting the boundary conditions into the spatial equation and solving the resulting matrix.

Uploaded by

Ayushman Dwivedi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example: Lateral Vibration of Beams

 For free vibration, f(x,t) = 0, we require


 Two initial conditions, for example: EI ∂ y ( x4 , t ) + ρA ∂ y ( x2 , t ) = 0
4 2

» y(x, t = 0) = yo(x) = 0 ∂x ∂t
» ∂y/∂
∂t|(x, t = 0) = 0
 Four boundary conditions, for example:
» Free end
– Bending moment = EI(∂ ∂x2) = 0
∂2y/∂
– Shear force = EI∂ 3 ∂x = 0
∂ y/∂ 3

» Simply supported (pinned) end We will use these two


b.c.’s to solve for the
– Deflection y = 0 Fixed-pinned beam
– Bending moment = EI(∂ ∂x2) = 0
∂2y/∂
» Clamped end
– Deflection y = 0
– Slope ∂y/∂ ∂x = 0
ENE 5400 ༾ᐒႝ‫س‬಍೛ी, Spring 2004 19 ᐽӛԋǴ
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Solve Lateral Vibration of Beams

 Use the method of separation of variables y(x,t) = Y(x)⋅⋅ T(t)


d 4Y ( x ) d 2T (t )
EIT (t ) + ρAY ( x ) =0
dx 4 dt 2
EI / ρA ∂ 4Y ( x ) 1 d 2T (t )
= − = a = ω2
Y ( x ) ∂x 4 T (t ) dt 2
(3)
(2)

ENE 5400 ༾ᐒႝ‫س‬಍೛ी, Spring 2004 20 ᐽӛԋǴ


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Solve the Lateral Vibration of Beams

 Y(x) can be solved as:

Y ( x ) = C1e βx + C2e − βx + C3e iβx + C4e − iβx


Or,

Y ( x ) = C1 cos β x + C2 sin β x + C3 cosh β x + C4 sinh β x

The natural frequencies of the beam are (from (1)):

EI EI
ω = β2 = ( β l )2
ρA ρAl 4

The βl product depends on the boundary conditions

ENE 5400 ༾ᐒႝ‫س‬಍೛ी, Spring 2004 21 ᐽӛԋǴ


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Solve Lateral Vibration of a Fixed-Pinned


Beam
 Four B.C.’s for a fixed-pinned beam are substituted into Y(x):

Y (0) = 0 ⇒ C = −C
C1 + C3 = 0
β( C + C ) = 0 ⇒ C = −C
3 1
dY
(0) = 0 2 4 4 2

∴Y ( x ) = C1 (cos βx − cosh βx ) + C2 (sin β x − sinh β x ) (4 )


dx
Y (l ) = 0
d 2Y
(l ) = 0 C1(cos β l − cosh βl ) + C2 (sin β l − sinh βl ) = 0 (5)
14243
EI
dx 2
0
− C1(cos βl + cosh β l ) − C2 (sin βl + sinh β l ) = 0 (6 )
 cos βl − cosh β l sin βl − sinh β l 
So,  = 0 (7 )
− (cos βl + cosh βl ) − (sin β l + sinh βl )

ENE 5400 ༾ᐒႝ‫س‬಍೛ी, Spring 2004 22 ᐽӛԋǴ


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Cont’d
 From the last matrix, we get the determinant:
tan βl = tanh β l
 The many roots of this equation, β nl, will define the natural frequencies:

EI
ωn = ( β n l )2
ρAl 4
 Mode shape: Yn(x), Y(x), yn(x,y), and y(x,t):

cos β n l − cosh β n l
C2 n = −C1n ( ), from (5)
sin β nl − sinh β nl
cos β n l − cosh β n l
Yn ( x ) = C1n [(cos β n x − cosh β n x ) − ( )(sin β n x − sinh β n x )], from (4 )
sin β n l − sinh β n l
yn ( x , t ) = Yn ( x )( An cos ωn t + Bn sin ωn t )

∑ y ( x ,t ),
∞
y( x ,t ) = n The final mod e shape
ENE 5400 ༾ᐒႝ‫س‬಍೛ी, Spring 2004
n =1
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Results of β nl for Various Beam Constraints

β1l = 1.875104
β2l = 4.694091
β3l = 7.854757
β4l = 10.99541
(1) Cantilever beam

β1l = 4.730041
β2l = 7.853205
β3l = 10.995608
(2) Doubly-clamped beam β4l = 14.137165

β1l = 3.926602
β2l = 7.068583
β3l = 10.210176
β4l = 13.351768
(3) fixed-pinned beam

ENE 5400 ༾ᐒႝ‫س‬಍೛ी, Spring 2004 24  ᐽӛԋǴ


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