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Unit-III Chapter-10 Cell Structure: Important Points
Unit-III Chapter-10 Cell Structure: Important Points
Unit-III
Chapter-10 Cell structure
IMPORTANT POINTS
All living organism are made up of cell. cell is a structural and functinal unit of organism. some
organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular. Each cell is having potentiality to produce a new
individual.This is called totipotency of cell.
On the basis of presence or absence of membrane bound nucleus, organisms are classified into
prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Eukaryotes include plants and animals hence,eukaryotic cells are further
classified into plant cells and animal cells.
Major differences between plant cells and animalcells are presence of cellwall,plastids and vacuole
in plant cells. Atypical eukaryotic cell consists of a cell membrane,cytoplasm and nucleus. Cell membrane
also called plasma-membrane is the outermost layer of animal cell and located inner to cell wall inplant
cell.
Eukaryotic cell posseses membrane bound oraganelles like endoplasmic reticulum,golgi apparatus,
lysosomes,and vacuoles.
Endoplasmic reticulum is made up of cisternae.Endoplasmic reticulum having ribosomes on its
outer- surface is called rough endo- plasnic reticulum.It is associated with the synthesis of protein.
Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes is known as smooth endoplasmic reticulum. It take part
in the synthesis of lipid. Goigi apparatus is made up of flattened sac like structure.
Lysosomes are surrounded by a single layer wall.They contain enzymes which digest all
macromolecules. In plant cell large vacuole are present which possess a membrane called tonoplast.
As the mitochondria are associated with the generation ofATP they are called power house of cell.
The chloroplast is a double layered structure and possess grana and stroma.
70s type ribosomes are present in prokaryotic cells while 80s type of ribosomes are present in
eukaryotic cells. The shape of cytoplasm and the shape of cell is maintained by cytoskeleton which is made
up of microfilament, microtubules and intermediate filaments.
Eukaryotic cell possesses nucleas, nucler membrane,nucleous and chromatin. Depending on the
position of centromere chromosomes are four types, like Metacentric,sub-metacentric,Acrocentric and
Telocentric.
1. It is responsible for begininig of the life of organisms.
(A) Tissue (B) Zygote (C) Cell (D) Embryonic layer
2. Who proposed the cell theory.
(A) Singer and Nicholsen (B) Schwann and schleiden
(C) Hook and Brown (D) Robertson
3. Who proposed that new cells arise through cell division of pre-existing cells.
(A) Robert Hook (B) Rudolf Virchow
(C) Robert Brown (D) Singer
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100. For the synthesis of new protein and protein transport which organelle is related?(AIPMT-2005)
(a)Endoplasmic reticulum (b)Chloroplast (c)Mitichondria (d)Lysosome
101. Where,ribosomes synthesis takes place? (AIPMT-2000)
(a) Nucleolus (b) Nucleus (c) Golgi body (d) Plasma membrane
102. Golgi apparatus is produced from which organelle ? (AFMC-2003)
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum (b) Plasmamembrane
(c) Mitochondria (d) Ribosomes
103. It is a power house of cell. (AFMC-1998,2001)
(a) Mitochondria (b) Chloroplast
(c) Nucleus (d) Golgi-apparatus
104. Mitochondria is organelle of which process? (Orissa JEE-2003)
(a) Kreb’s cycle (b) Glycolysis (c) Hill reaction (d) Calvin cycle
105. Where ETS Occur’s? (CPMT-2008)
(a) Inner membrane of mitochondria (b) Outer membrane of mitochondria
(c) Matrix of mitochondria (d) None
106. Cytoskeleton is made up of . (CBSE-2009)
(a) Proteinous fibre (b) micro particles of CaCO3
(c) Cellulose (d) Callose
107. In higher plants cell wall is made up of which substance? (CPMT-1995)
(a) Cellulose (b) Peptidoglycan (c) Lipoprotein (D) Callose
108. In Eukaryotic cell cytoskeleton is made up of (DPMT-1997)
(a) Microtubules (b) Microfilaments (c) Tubulin (d) all
109. Who suggested that new cell arise through cell division of preexisting cells? (Pb.PMT-1992)
(a) Virchow (b) Schwann (c) Robert Hook (d) Schleidn
110. Which organelle is observed in animal cell but absent in plant cell? (Manipal-1997)
(a) Centriole (b) Mitochondria
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum (d) Golgi apparatus
111. Who proposed fluid-mosaic model?
(a) Singer and Nicolson (b) Beadel and Tatum
(c) Robertson and Miller (d) Watson and Crick
112. Which type of arrangement is shown by flagella of eukaryotic cell? (CET-1992)
(a) 9+2 Arrangement (b) 2+9 Arrengement (c) 7+2 Arrangement (d) 9+0 Arrangement
113. Microtubules are made up of by which protein? (Kerala PMT-2001)
(a) Tubulin (b) Myosin (c) Actin (d) Durable protein
114. Bacteria possess which type of ribosomes? (Kerala PMT-2004)
(a) 70S (b) 80S (c) 60S (d) 40S
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ANSWER KEY
1 b 28 a 55 a 82 a 109 a
2 b 29 a 56 a 83 a 110 a
3 b 30 a 57 c 84 a 111 a
4 b 31 a 58 a 85 a 112 a
5 b 32 a 59 b 86 a 113 a
6 b 33 a 60 b 87 a 114 a
7 b 34 a 61 a 88 a 115 a
8 b 35 a 62 b 89 a 116 a
9 b 36 a 63 a 90 a 117 a
10 b 37 a 64 b 91 a 118 a
11 b 38 a 65 b 92 a 119 a
12 b 39 a 66 b 93 a 120 a
13 b 40 a 67 c 94 a 121 a
14 b 41 a 68 b 95 a 122 b
15 b 42 a 69 a 96 a 123 a
16 b 43 a 70 a 97 a 124 c
17 b 44 a 71 b 98 a 125 a
18 b 45 a 72 c 99 a 126 b
19 b 46 a 73 a 100 a 127 c
20 b 47 a 74 a 101 a 128 a
21 b 48 a 75 a 102 a 129 b
22 b 49 a 76 a 103 a 130 c
23 b 50 a 77 a 104 a
24 b 51 a 78 d 105 a
25 b 52 a 79 a 106 a
26 a 53 a 80 a 107 a
27 a 54 a 81 a 108 a
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