Sectioned Views
Sectioned Drawings
Definition: A multiview technical drawing that
reveals details about internal features by displaying
the part as if cut by an imaginary cutting plane
Objective: To make the drawing more
understandable, especially the internal details of the
part
Since the sectioned drawing shows internal features
there is generally no need to show hidden lines
Especially helpful for assembly drawings
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Understanding Sections
Section views have three main purposes:
Document the design and manufacture of single
parts which are manufactured as one piece
Document how multiple parts are to be
assembled or built
Aid in visualizing internal workings of a design
The Cutting Plane
An imaginary plane that
defines where the object is
cut
Shown in drawing adjacent
to the sectioned drawing The arrows point toward the
Drawn with the PHANTOM part of the object that is
line type visible in the sectioned
Arrows at the end of the drawing.
cutting plane line indicate A sectioned drawing follows
the direction of view for the the general rules of any view
sectioned drawing. in a multiview drawing
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The Cutting Plane
Cutting planes may be labeled at
their endpoints if multiple cutting
plane lines are used
When using multiple cutting
planes each sectioned drawing is
drawn as if the other cutting plane
lines do not exist
The cutting plane line takes
precedence over center lines
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Section Lines
Section lines are drawn where the object
passes through the cutting plane
If a saw was used to cut the part then
section lines represent the cutting marks
left by the saw blade
Different materials may be represented
by the use of different section line types
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Section Lines
Section lines should not be parallel or
perpendicular to object lines
Section lines are generally drawn at 45
degrees unless this conflicts with other
rules
Section lines should be oriented at
different angles for separate parts
Section lines are not used for thin parts
rather they are filled in solid (Do not use
closely spaced section lines)
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Placement of Section Views
Section views can replace the normal top,
front, side, or other standard orthographic
view
Labeling Cutting Planes
When more than one cutting plane is used,
it is especially important to label them for
clarity
Line Precedence
When a cutting plane coincides with a
center line, the cutting plane line takes
precedence
When a cutting plane line would obscure
important details, just the ends of the line
outside the view and the arrows can be
shown
Line Precedence
Rules for Lines
Show edges and contours which are now
visible behind the cutting plane
Omit hidden lines in section views
A section-lined area is always completely
bounded by a visible outline
Rules for Lines
The section lines in all hatched areas for
that object must be parallel
Visible lines never cross section lined areas
Rules for Lines
Cutting Plane Line Style
Thepreferred cutting plane line style is
made up of equal dashes ending in
arrowheads
Another style uses alternating long dashes and
pairs of short dashes
Cutting Line Placement
Section Lining Symbols
Section lining symbols may be used to
indicate specific materials
Using different section lining patterns helps
you distinguish different materials,
especially on assembly drawings
Itis acceptable to use the general-purpose
symbol at different angles for different parts
Section Lining Symbols
Section Drawing Types
FullSection
Half Section
Assembly Section
Offset Section
Broken-Out Section
Revolved Section
Removed Section
Special Section Conventions
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Full Section
Thecutting plane passes completely
through the part as a single flat plane
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Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Half Section
The cutting plane only passes half way
through the part
The other half is drawn as usual
Hidden lines are not shown on either half of
the part
A center line is used to separate the two
halves
Mostly used on cylindrical parts
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Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Assembly Section
Shows how parts fit together
Different parts have different
section line orientation
Different materials use different
section line types
Standard parts (shafts, pins, rivets,
screws, washers, gears, etc.) are
not sectioned
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Assembly Section
Cuteach part of the assembly
and section each part with the
appropriate section line type
Putthe parts together in their
assembled position
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Assembly Section
The shaft is not sectioned
because it is a standard part
and section lines would
provide no additional
information
The other two part are made
from the same material
The orientation of section
lines clearly shows the
location of the different parts
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Assembly Section
The top and bottom mating part are made from
different materials in the part shown below
A center line is added to the shaft to show that it
is a circular feature
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Offset Sections
In sectioning through complex objects, it is
often desirable to show features that do not
lie in a straight line by offsetting or bending
the cutting plane
Offsets or bends in the cutting plane are all 90
The bends in the cutting plane are never shown
in the sectional view
Offset Section
The internal features of
many part can not be
shown using a single
straight cut to create the
sectioned drawing
An offset section is
used for such parts
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Offset Section
An offset section allows the cutting plane to
pass through all of the internal features
There may be several bends in the cutting plane
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Offset Section
The actual part would show a new visible line at the
bend in the cutting plane
Since the cutting plane bend is arbitrary, do not show
the line representing this bend in the sectioned
drawing
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Offset Section
The sectioned view does not show
the bend in the cutting plane
Hidden lines are not shown
Be sure to include object lines that
are behind the cutting plane
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
Broken-Out Section
Only a portion of the view is sectioned
A jagged break line is used to divide the
sectioned and unsectioned portion of the
drawing
Sometimes only a partial section of a view
is needed to expose interior shapes
Such a section, limited by a break line, is called
a broken-out section
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Broken Out Sections
Broken Out Sections
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BLACKED-IN SECTION FOR THIN
SECTIONS
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Revolved Section
A cross section of the part is revolved 90
degrees and superimposed on the drawing
A jagged break line may be used to divide the
revolved section from the rest of the drawing
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Revolved Sections
You can show the shape of the cross section
of a bar, arm, spoke, or other elongated
object by using a revolved section
Thevisible lines adjacent to a revolved section
may be broken out if desired
Revolved Sections
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Revolved Sections
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Removed Section
Similar to the revolved section except that the
sectioned drawing is not superimposed on the
drawing but placed adjacent to it
The view and the cutting plane are labeled
(Section A-A)
The removed section may be drawn at a different
scale
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Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, IITRoorkee
AUXILIARY SECTION
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ALIGNED SECTION
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ALIGNED SECTION
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PHANTOM SECTION
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SECTION Lining at 30 , 60 OR 75 0 0 0
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HATCHING OF ADJACENT
COMPONENTS
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HATCHING OF ADJACENT
COMPONENTS IN ASSEMBLY
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ADJACENT, SECTION, OF SECTION LINING A
PART IN DIFFERENT PARALLEL PLANES
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SECTION LINING FOR LARGE AREAS
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