Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 12
Transformations Lesson 2
Part I: Combining Stretches and Reflections
Combining Stretches & Reflections: These can be done in
either order and youll still get the correct graph.
Example 1: Given the following graph, draw in the graph of y = -f(2x)
1) Multiply all x-values by .
Remember to use reciprocal! 2) Reflect about the x-axis
These transformations
may be performed in
any order:
Horizontal stretch
Example 2: Given the graph on about the y-axis.
Vertical stretch
the right, draw the graph of about the x-axis
1 Horizontal reflection
y = 2f( x) about the y-axis
2
Vertical reflection
about the x-axis.
1) Multiply all x-values by 2.
Remember to use reciprocal! 2) Multiply all y-values by 2.
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 13
Transformations Lesson 2
Part I: Combining Stretches and Reflections
Dont forget
Example 3: Given the graph on the to use the reciprocal
for the horizontal
right, draw the graph of y = 2f(-2x) stretch!
1) Multiply the x-values by . 2) Multiply the y-values by 2. 3) Reflect about the y-axis.
Example 4: Given 1) Multiply the x-values by . 2) Multiply the y-values by .
the graph below,
draw the graph
1
of y = f(-2x)
2
3) Reflect in the y-axis
Multiple
transformations
can be drawn with
different colored
felts to keep track
of what you
are doing.
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 14
Transformations Lesson 2
Part I: Combining Stretches and Reflections
Questions: Apply the following transformations to each of the
graphs. 1
1) y = f(-3x) 2) y = - f(x)
2
1
3) y = f(-x)
2
Answers: 2. 3.
1.
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 15
Transformations Lesson 2
Part II: Combining All Transformations
Combining Stretches, Reflections, & Translations:
Stretches & reflections must be done first translations last!
Example 1: Given the graph on the
1
right, sketch y = f(2x)+1
3
1 1
Step 1: First do y = f(x) Step 2: Then do y = f(2x) by
3 3
1 1
by multiplying all y-values by multiplying all x-values by
3 2
1
Step 3: Finish off with y = f(2x)+1
3
by moving the entire graph up one unit.
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 16
Transformations Lesson 2
Part II: Combining All Transformations
Watch out for these types of questions!
If x has a coefficient attached to it, that coefficient must be
factored out of the brackets before proceeding.
Consider the transformation y = f(5x - 15) .
This can be simplified to y = f 5(x-3) by factoring out the 5.
It is now easy to see that there is a horizontal stretch
by a factor of 1/5, and a translation of 3 units right.
Example 2: Given the graph on the
1
right, sketch y = -2f x +1
2
Rewrite as y = -2f (x + 2)
1
2
Step 1: First sketch y = 2f(x) Step 2: Then sketch y = -2f(x)
1
Step 4: Finally sketch y = -2f (x + 2)
Step 3: Now sketch y = -2f( x) 1
2 2
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 17
Transformations Lesson 2
Part II: Combining All Transformations
Questions: For each of the graphs, apply the transformation:
1) y = -f(2x + 4) 1
2) y = - 2 f(-2x)
3) y = 2f( 1 x) - 2 1
2 4) y = - f(2x)
2
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 18
Transformations Lesson 2
Part II: Combining All Transformations
Questions: For each of the following graphs, write the equation of
the transformation:
5) 6)
Solid = Original
Dashed = Transformed
7) 8)
9) 10)
11) 12)
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 19
Transformations Lesson 2
Part II: Combining All Transformations
Answers:
1
Rewrite as y = -f [ 2(x + 2)] 5) y = f(2x)
2
1) 2) 6) y = 2f(-x)
7) y = f(x + 2)+ 3
8) y = -2f(x)
9) y = f(2x)
1
10) y = -f x
2
1
11) y = f - x
3) 4) 2
12) y = f(3x)
Principles of mathematics 12: Explained!
www.math12.com 20
