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R Exercises

This document provides examples of basic R code for performing common operations like calculating square roots, creating and manipulating vectors and data frames, applying functions to datasets, subsetting data, and using control structures like for loops and if/else statements. Key examples include calculating the square root of 729, creating vectors containing numbers and characters, sorting and subsetting a built-in iris dataset, merging data frames with different column names, and using a for loop or ifelse() to classify iris observations based on sepal length.

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Thenmozhi Ravichandran
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283 views3 pages

R Exercises

This document provides examples of basic R code for performing common operations like calculating square roots, creating and manipulating vectors and data frames, applying functions to datasets, subsetting data, and using control structures like for loops and if/else statements. Key examples include calculating the square root of 729, creating vectors containing numbers and characters, sorting and subsetting a built-in iris dataset, merging data frames with different column names, and using a for loop or ifelse() to classify iris observations based on sepal length.

Uploaded by

Thenmozhi Ravichandran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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http://rstatistics.

net/r-tutorial-exercise-for-beginners/

Calculate square root of 729


sqrt (729)

Create a new variable 'b' with value 1947.0


b <- 1947.0

Convert 'b' from previous exercise to character


b <- as.character(b)
print (b)

Setup your working directory to a new 'work' folder in your desktop


setwd ("path/to/my/desktop/work")
getwd()

Create a numeric vector

one_to_six <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)


class(one_to_six)

Create a vector containing following mixed elements {1, 'a', 2, 'b'} and find out its
class
one_a <- c(1, "a", 2, "b")
class(one_a) # character

Initialise Character vector

charHundred <- character(26)


charHundred

Assign the character 'a' to the first element in above vector.


charHundred[1] <- "a"

Vector Operations

Create a vector with some of your friend's names


myFriends <- c("alan", "bala", "amir", "tsong", "chan")

Get the length of above vector


length(myFriends)

Get the first two friends from above vector


myFriends[1:2]
Get the 2nd and 3rd friends
myFriends[c(2,3)]

Sort your friends by names using 2 methods


sort(myFriends)
myFriends[order(myFriends)]

Reverse direction of the above sort


sort(myFriends, decreasing=TRUE)
myFriends[rev(order(myFriends))]

Create with rep and seq: 'a','a',1,2,3,4,5,7,9,11


out <- c(rep('a', 2), seq(1, 5), seq(7, 11, by=2))

Remove missing value from c(1, 2, NA, 4)


myVec <- c(1, 2, NA, 4)
myVec[!is.na(myVec)]

Pick 50 random numbers between 1 to 100


mySample <-sample(1:100, 50)

Check the class of mySample


class (mySample)

Apply the below functions and inspect results on 'iris' (a base R dataframe)
class (iris) # get class
sapply (iris, class) # get class of all columns
str (iris) # structure
summary (iris) # summary of airquality
head (iris) # view the first 6 obs
fix (iris) # view spreadsheet like grid
rownames (iris) # row names
colnames (iris) # columns names
nrow (iris) # number of rows
ncol (iris) # number of columns

Get the last 2 rows in last 2 columns from iris dataset


numRows <- nrow(iris)
numCols <- ncol(iris)
iris[(numRows-1):numRows, (numCols-1):numCols]

Get rows with Sepal.Width > 3.5 using which() from iris
iris[iris$Sepal.Width > 3, ]
iris[which(iris$Sepal.Width > 3), ]

Get the rows with 'versicolor' species using subset() from iris
subset(iris, Species == "versicolor")

How would you specify the 'by' variables if the two data frames to be merged
have different 'by' variables.
merge(Df1, Df2, by ="var1") # both DFs have a common variable name'var1'
merge(Df1, Df2, by.x="var1", by.y="var2") # both DFs have different names for by variables .

Problem Logic for Q18, 19 and 20: Create a character vector with
length of number-of-rows-of-iris-dataset, such that, each element gets a
character value greater than 5 if the corresponding Sepal.Length > 5,
else it should get lesser than 5.
Q18. Create a logic for the above problem using a For-loop

Exercise 18: Make the logic for above


problem statement using a 'for-loop' and Hide

a 'if-else' statement

output <- character(nrow(iris))

for(i in c(1:nrow(iris))){

if (iris$Sepal.Length[i] > 5){

output[i] <- "greater than 5"

} else {

output[i] <- "lesser than 5"

Make the logic for above problem statement using a ifelse() function
output <- ifelse(iris$Sepal.Length > 5, "greater than 5", "lesser than 5")

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