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Switch Statement in C

The switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against multiple case values. The variable is checked against each case, and if a match is found, the statements for that case will execute until a break is reached. A switch must have an integral or enumerated type as the expression. Cases specify values to compare against and are followed by statements to execute if equal. An optional default case can specify a task if no other case matches.

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62 views2 pages

Switch Statement in C

The switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against multiple case values. The variable is checked against each case, and if a match is found, the statements for that case will execute until a break is reached. A switch must have an integral or enumerated type as the expression. Cases specify values to compare against and are followed by statements to execute if equal. An optional default case can specify a task if no other case matches.

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Jesvin Bency
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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11/9/2016

switchstatementinC

Cswitchstatement
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Aswitchstatementallowsavariabletobetestedforequalityagainstalistofvalues.Eachvalueiscalledacase,andthevariable
beingswitchedonischeckedforeachswitchcase.

Syntax
ThesyntaxforaswitchstatementinCprogramminglanguageisasfollows
switch(expression){
caseconstantexpression:
statement(s);
break;/*optional*/

caseconstantexpression:
statement(s);
break;/*optional*/

/*youcanhaveanynumberofcasestatements*/
default:/*Optional*/
statement(s);
}

Thefollowingrulesapplytoaswitchstatement
Theexpressionusedinaswitchstatementmusthaveanintegralorenumeratedtype,orbeofaclasstypeinwhichthe
classhasasingleconversionfunctiontoanintegralorenumeratedtype.
Youcanhaveanynumberofcasestatementswithinaswitch.Eachcaseisfollowedbythevaluetobecomparedtoanda
colon.
Theconstantexpressionforacasemustbethesamedatatypeasthevariableintheswitch,anditmustbeaconstant
oraliteral.
When the variable being switched on is equal to a case, the statements following that case will execute until a break
statementisreached.
When a break statement is reached, the switch terminates, and the flow of control jumps to the next line following the
switchstatement.
Noteverycaseneedstocontainabreak.Ifnobreakappears,theflowofcontrolwillfallthroughtosubsequentcasesuntil
abreakisreached.
Aswitchstatementcanhaveanoptionaldefaultcase,whichmustappearattheendoftheswitch.Thedefaultcasecan
beusedforperformingataskwhennoneofthecasesistrue.Nobreakisneededinthedefaultcase.

FlowDiagram

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11/9/2016

switchstatementinC

Example
#include<stdio.h>

intmain(){
/*localvariabledefinition*/
chargrade='B';
switch(grade){
case'A':
printf("Excellent!\n");
break;
case'B':
case'C':
printf("Welldone\n");
break;
case'D':
printf("Youpassed\n");
break;
case'F':
printf("Bettertryagain\n");
break;
default:
printf("Invalidgrade\n");
}

printf("Yourgradeis%c\n",grade);

return0;
}

Whentheabovecodeiscompiledandexecuted,itproducesthefollowingresult
Welldone
YourgradeisB

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