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MIL-HDBK-100fJ/10
,
1!
1 Pla.tic
Pipe Slipped
#Secu,~~
~ith
sl~inles$
Onto 3/4
Steel Bands.
k
,>
_l-,2
(i
u
J_
Y;;g;:::cOnnec-
A
o
Bolt,
Welded
Bent
to Fcm,
* ~1/4
3/4
HOles
J!
3/4
Union
Pipe
Sections
to Connect
9
a
Hook
0
91T
1111
5
Pipe
Every
&
Perforated
Nipple
High-Silicon,
Chromium-Bearing,
Iron
or
Anodes,
Cast-
Type
Type TAD
[Jo. 8 AK,
Anode
to Pipe
7-Strand
Cable
J_
,
, Ibu
Cq~
Friction
Taped
.
*
0
1
8 T
IllL!!
,
3/4
Steel
Binding
Strap5
Anodes
.1
to Pipe
.,
0/
to Side
Scrap
Pipe
of 3/4
to Supped
Welded
Pipe,
Anodes
I 6
.T
4 Welding
Welded
Pipe
Cap
to 8ottom
to Guide
Std.
Wt.
of 3/4
Anode
*
String
\!
c)
TI
(ktl
Figure 12L
Deep Anode Installation Details
224
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MIL-HDBK-loo4/lo
of time (economic life) .
maintenance.
investments
Examples are pereonnel costs, operating costs, and
b) Deprec iat ion has no effect on cash flow for Government
(refer to NAVFAC P-.442).
c) Inflation costs are measured in constant dollars, or in terms
of a base year (year O of the analysis) . When costs of labor and materials
are expected to rise (or lower) with the general inflation rate, no special
treatment of inflation is needed. As stated in para. 13.2.4.1, the use of a
discount factor of 10 percent adjusts for the general inflation rate.
Occasionally, cost estimates need special treatment. For example, oil prices
escalated faster than the general inflation rate in the 1970s. A thorough
treatment of inflation can be found in Chapter VII of NAVFAC P-442.
d) Cost source data should always be documented for each cost
element of the economic analysis. The specific data source, method of data
derivation (if applicable) , and an assessment of the accuracy of the cost
element are required (refer to NAVFAC P-442) .
.13.2.4.2
process.
Benefits.
Benefits are an important consideration
NAVFAC P-442 specifies four types of benefits:
a)
Direct cost savings
b)
Efficiency/productivity
c)
Other quantifiable output measures
d)
Nonquantifiable
in the economic
increases
output measures
All potential
Special caution must be taken when evaluating benefits.
benefits must be identified for each alternative and quantified whenever
possible.
Unquantifiable benefits must also be identified. A qualitative
statement will provide the decision-maker with additional information.
Document negative aspects as well. Most important, source data should always
be documented.
A thorough treatment of benefit documentation can be found in
Chapter V of NAVFAC P-442.
13.2.5
Compare Costs and Benefits and Rank Alternatives
After the costs
and benefits are determined, a comparison of the alternatives should be
produced.
Alternatives are to be ranked based on economic desirability.
13.2.6
Perform Sensitivity Analvsis.
Sensitivity analysis provides
feedback within the economic process (see drawing in para. 13.2) . A double
check on the assumptions gives credibility to the final results.
It further
refines the assumptions and indicates which values are sensitive to change.
In this way, the decision-maker can be certain that all relevant information
has been considered.
A thorough treatment of sensitivity analysis can be
found in Chapter VI of NAVFAC P-442.
13.3
Desire of Cathodic Protection Svsteins. Once a facility has been
funded, design alternatives must be examined. Design analysis follows the
economic methodology of Section 13. It is the responsibility of the Navy to
239
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HIL-HDBK-100fb/10
APPENDIX A (continued)
(dates)?
(3)
Where?
(Mark on drawings. )
(4) What was their .sppearance7
Have other failures occurred? (Investigate
really corrosion. )
i.
Is direct current being used anywhere
(1)
Complete
information
(2)
Wiring
diagrams
(3)
Method
of grounding.
to be sure they were not
in this plent or nearby?
Get:
on where end why.
and schemstlc.s.
in the vicinity?
(Metal pipes,
J. Are any abandonedfacilities
located
etc., may be used as ground beds.) Are they connectedortobe
connectedtoanythingelse.
k.
2.
Are additional facilities planned?
get the following information:
(Immediate
(1)
Type and ethods of construction.
(2)
Probable
(3)
How will they be connected
(4)
will direct current be used?
or long range. ) If so,
location.
to existing
facilities?
Field Tests Tha t Should Be Conduct ed:
a.
Soil resist ivity. If site is uniform, take 5-foot and 10-foot (usual
depth of burled structures) readings at suitably spscecl grid (20- foot
and 100- foot readings may be required).
Do not exceed 100- foot
If route of piping or structure
spacing with vlbroground instrument.
is known, follow the route. Take reading8 of f111, if any.
b.
Soil PH.
moist.
Take pH samples at same places as resistivity,
if soil is
Soil samples and water ssmples (stesm riser, etc. ) . Take ssmples
sulfides and sulfate (and pH) at representative grid locations.
(Minimum of six. )
~c
When
h.
(2)
d.
Structure-to-soil
voltage
(at discretion
(1)
A thorough test of bare structure
one on each side every 25 feet.
(2)
Coated structure
of engineer) :
requires
- less frequent reading.
260
for
one over structure
are needed.
and
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