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Orthographic Drawing Guide

This document provides information on multiview projection drawings and orthographic projections. It discusses the six principle views used in orthographic projections including front, right side, top, bottom, left side, and rear. Rules for orthographic drawings are presented, such as selecting the front view and common view combinations. The concept of a "glass box" technique for understanding projections is described. Guidelines for line types and an example orthographic projection are shown. Steps for drawing orthographic views and a method for spacing the views are also outlined.

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166 views22 pages

Orthographic Drawing Guide

This document provides information on multiview projection drawings and orthographic projections. It discusses the six principle views used in orthographic projections including front, right side, top, bottom, left side, and rear. Rules for orthographic drawings are presented, such as selecting the front view and common view combinations. The concept of a "glass box" technique for understanding projections is described. Guidelines for line types and an example orthographic projection are shown. Steps for drawing orthographic views and a method for spacing the views are also outlined.

Uploaded by

py ong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Multiview Projection Drawing

Sr Dr Md Azree Othuman Mydin


azree@usm.my

Sub-topics

Multiview Projection
6 Principle Views
Rules of Orthographic Projection
Principle Views
Glass Box
Line Types
Example Orthographic Projection

Orthographic Projection

Orthographic Projections are a collection of


2-D drawings that work together to give an
accurate overall representation of an object.

Six Principle Views


The 6 views of
projection include:
FRONT
RIGHT SIDE
TOP
BOTTOM
LEFT SIDE
REAR

Rules of Orthographic Drawing

Pick a Front View that is most descriptive


of object, normally the longest dimension
is chosen as the width (or depth)
Most common combination of views is to
use are Front, Top, and Side View

Principle Views

Front, Right Side


and Top are
views that simply
represented by
rotating the
object

Glass Box

Most powerful technique to


understand orthographic projections
Suspend the object with transparent
strings inside a glass box
Freeze the view from each direction
(each of the six sides of the box) and
unfold the box

Glass Box

Glass Box

Glass Box

Glass Box

Glass Box

Glass Box

Front, Side and Top Views


Width
Top View

Front
View

Depth

Right
Side
View

Heigh
t

Line Types

Visible Lines used to represent features that are seen in


the current view

Hidden Lines used to represent features that cannot be


seen in the current view
Centerlines used to represent symmetry and to mark the
center of circles and the axes of cylinders, and the axes of
symmetrical parts, such as cylinders and bolts

Example

1. Visible
2. Hidden
3. Center

Drawing the Views


To complete an orthographic
projection drawing follow
these steps.

Step 2:
Space the top view 25-40 mm above
the front view. Lightly construct the
top view directly over the front view.
Extend the lower side of the top view
to intersect a vertical line drawn to
the right of the front view.

25-40 mm

Step 1:
Lightly construct the front view.

Drawing the Views


Step 3:
Project the features of the front view to the right
of the vertical line. Draw a line at 45o from the
point of intersection as shown.

The use of a 45o mitre


line helps to project
features from the top
view to the side view.

Drawing the Views


Step 4:
Where the horizontal projection lines of the top view
intersect with the mitre line, draw vertical projection
lines to the side view.

Drawing the Views


Step 5:
Erase all unnecessary lines. Complete the finished
linework to complete the required orthographic
views. Add the necessary information into the
title block.

Spacing Orthographic Views


To determine the starting point of your drawing use the following criteria:
to find X:
Measure the horizontal distance between borders
Subtract the total length of the views to be drawn
Divide the result by 2

(HSA)
(HSN)

HSA HSN = ? 2

to find Y:
Measure the vertical distance between borders
Subtract the total height of the views to be drawn
Divide the result by 2
VSA VSN = ? 2

(VSA)
(VSN)

Spacing Orthographic Views


Distance between borders HSA 260

Length
120

Space
40

Width
38

56

120
38

31

(HSA) (HSN) = ? 2 =
260

120
+ 40
+ 38

198

= 62

2 = 31

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