Persons with Disabilities:
Status in the Philippines
1st International Conference of Public Librarians
March 19-21, 2014
Edgardo F. Garcia, MPA
Deafblind Support Philippines
Outline of Presentation
1. Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in the Phils.
- official statistics and estimates
- terms and definitions
2. UN Convention on Rights of Persons with
Disabilities (UNCPRD)
- overview and status of implementation
3. Education and Social Services
- eligibilities and entitlements
- programs
Edgardo F. Garcia
Number of PWDs in the Phils.
(1) NSO 2010 Census of Population and Housing
About 16 per thousand have disability
Population
PWDs
% of PWDs
2010
2000
92.1 Mn
76 Mn
1.443 Mn 0.935 Mn
1.57%
1.23%
Breakdown of PWDs by Age and Sex:
Males 50.9%
Age Group
0-14
15-49
50-64
65 and over
Females 49.1%
%
18.9
40.0
19.0
22.1
Edgardo
F. Garcia
PWD Estimates
(2) DSWD Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino (CCT) 2011
HH Surveyed
HH with PWDs
HH with Deaf
HH with Blind
HH with Speech/
Comm disorder
HH with Ortho
HH with Intellect
HH with Other dis
4,446,649
302,421
27,972
53,034
28,259
41,551
28,610
77,599
Edgardo F. Garcia
100.00 %
6.77
0.63
1.19
0.63
0.93
0.64
1.74
Table 1. Philippine population estimates for CWDs using
WHO formulation
Year
(10%)
Total Population Age 5-14
% of Pop
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
76,946,500
85,261,000
94,013,200
102,965,300
111,784,600
120,224,500
128,110,000
23.0
22.8
21.5
20.7
19.9
19.0
18.0
17,703,400
19,478,500
20,171,800
21,294,500
22,288,400
22,870,500
23,012,400
CWD estimate
1,770,340
1,947,850
2,017,180
2,129,450
2,228,840
2,287,050
2,301,240
Source: National Statistics Office (website).
Calculations by AIM for the Advisory Council for the Education of Children and
Youth with Disabilities (October 2013)
Edgardo F. Garcia
Definitions of Disability
NSO Survey- Disability refers to any restriction or lack of
ability (resulting from impairment) to perform an activity
in the manner or within the range considered normal for a
human being
WB/WHO International Classification on Functioning,
Disability and Health (ICF)- Disability refers to difficulties
in any or all three (interconnected) areas of functioning:
Impairments problems in body functions or alterations
in body structure
Activity limitations difficulties in executing activities
Participation restriction problem with involvement in
any area of life
Edgardo F. Garcia
Who are Persons with Disabilities?
Disability Models
1. Scientific view locates disability within the
individual
a. biomedical
b. functional
2. Social pathology
a. environmental
b. human rights
Edgardo F. Garcia
Types of Disabilities (DepEd)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Blind and Visually Impaired
Deaf
Orthopedically challenged
Intellectual disability
Learning disability
Autism
Multiple disability
Serious emotional disorders
Communication disorder, speech and language
impairment
10. Deafblind
11. Other health problems
Edgardo F. Garcia
UN Convention on Rights of Persons with
Disabilities (UNCRPD) 2006
Purpose: to promote, protect and ensure the full
and equal enjoyment of all human rights and
fundamental freedoms by all persons with
disabilities, and to promote respect for their
inherent dignity
PWDs: include those with long-term physical,
mental, intellectual or sensory impairments
which in interaction with various barriers may
hinder their full and effective participation in
society on an equal basis with others.
General Obligations: State parties shall
1. ensure and promote full realization of
human rights and fundamental freedoms of
PWDs without discrimination on basis of
disability
2. undertake measures to the maximum of
available resources with view to achieving
full realization of economic, social and
cultural rights
Edgardo F. Garcia
Principles:
a. Respect for inherent
dignity, independence
b. Non-discrimination
c. Full and effective
participation
d. Respect for difference
e. Equality of
opportunity
f. Accessibility
g. Equality
h. Respect for evolving
capacities of children
CRPD Implementation
Existing laws not fully harmonized with CRPD
Magna Carta (RA 7277)
PWD definition based on medical and functional model
Discrimination in employment, transport, public
services
Accessibility law (BP 344)
Addresses only built environment
Anti Rape Law (RA8353)
Women and girls with intellectual disability are
deprived of reason and incapable of giving rational
consent
Edgardo F. Garcia
CRPD Implementation (cont.)
On Children with Disabilities
97 % not reached by public school system
DepEd zero rejection policy
On Health
No health care insurance
No rehabilitation services
20% discount on medicines/medical services
Edgardo F. Garcia
CRPD Implementation (cont.)
On employment of PWDs
5% of positions reserved for PWDs
10% of govt required goods/services from coops
and self help DPOs
Uncoordinated efforts to provide employment
PWDs in vulnerable employment
Social Insurance disability benefits and
pensions
for employed/acquired disability while working
Edgardo F. Garcia
CRPD Implementation (cont.)
Participation in political and public life
RA 10366 Accessible Polling Places
Exemption from copyright law conversion into
braille format of educational and instructional
materials
Edgardo F. Garcia
Education of Children and Youth with
Disabilities
According to DepEd:
5.49 Mn CSN or
13% of children population
Enrolment 2012:
Elementary
200,000
(90,000 gifted)
High School
8,443
Edgardo F. Garcia
Table 2:
Region
I
II
III
IV-A
IV-B
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
CARA
GA
ARM
M
CAR
NCR
Total
SPED EARLY ENROLMENT IN GOVERNMENT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS (SY 2012-13)
Blind or
Visual
Impairment
Deaf
314
104
688
509
203
459
555
388
394
150
302
162
181
367
60
519
706
246
537
844
523
443
207
342
315
259
1,069
209
921
1,530
488
922
1,596
1,131
610
468
816
646
486
531
125
468
333
369
662
694
505
571
198
266
274
273
143
29
126
89
91
140
97
343
113
19
73
47
224
134
37
251
327
89
285
277
192
143
71
145
189
175
149
57
150
128
97
217
173
134
146
48
62
83
63
237
50
287
191
111
322
293
210
242
63
188
63
124
94
17
242
149
79
158
166
104
93
89
170
424
87
Total
3,038
688
3,652
3,962
1,773
3,702
4,695
3,530
2,755
1,313
2,364
2,203
1,872
181
307
393
242
50
146
58
111
122
1,610
104
143
88
114
144
284
94
271
470
79
213
54
16
46
20
16
46
256
37
49
24
201
123
34
7
56
35
668
1,091
1,265
6,217
12,120
5,857
2,850
2,092
4,925
Speech /
IntellectSerious
Lang-uage
ual DisabiliEmotional
Impairty
Disturb- ance
ment
Source: Department of Education
1,666
Edgardo F. Garcia
Autism
2,779
Orthopedic Impairment
1,675
Special
Health
Prob-lems
Multiple
Disabilities
40,181
Table 3: Enrolment of CWDs in public secondary school (SY 2011-12)
No. of
Region Schools
I
II
32
9
III
IV A
IV B
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
CAR
NCR
21
15
8
12
2
16
8
6
8
16
9
3
5
23
Total
193
LD/
ID
BP
HI
14
800
0
171
11 1,073
9
0
160
72
64
200
18
54
10
5
0
5
2
0
6
0
0
1
1
0
28
1
0
57
922
289
1,551
29
2
29
0
0
0
0
0
14
17
2
0
31
17
0
28
0
236
14
0
0
26
199
0
165
7
146
31
44
0
21
60
41
39
87
93
27
5
218
14
14
20
50
180
17
15
15
38
23
6
25
17
7
0
6
0
93
1
0
0
4
2
2
3
1
7
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
4
0
0
2
0
102
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
14
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
3
0
7
2
0
31
0
0
0
0
9
0
4
0
3
4
0
2
88
433
210
702
50
643
120
186
288
784
1,172
50
206
837
861 1,148
516
129
24
120
74
168
8,443
SL
213
163
572
0
0
27
125
231
611
825
11
6
426
149 5,254
Source: Department of Education
VI
SD
Edgardo F. Garcia
OH
Cl
AU
MH
Total
Enrolment
Issues in Education of CWDs
1. Access to schooling issues
a. Economic considerations
b. Socio-cultural realities
c. c. School facilities
2. Retention Issues
3. Learning with Achievement
Edgardo F. Garcia
Inclusive Education
Inclusion - all people should freely
accommodate the disabled without any
restriction or condescension in activities
Inclusive education- all students attend and are
welcomed by their neighborhood schools in
age- appropriate regular classes and are
supported to learn, contribute and participate
in all aspects of school life (Inclusion BC)
All children benefit from inclusive education.
Edgardo F. Garcia
Deafblindness
Deafblindness concomitant hearing and
vision impairments, the combination of which causes
severe communication and other developmental and
educational needs that cannot be accommodated in
programs solely for blind or deaf
Issues in deafblind education:
- absence of appropriate learning program
- lack of trained teachers and materials
- need for parents and community support
Edgardo F. Garcia
THANK YOU
Edgardo F. Garcia
