40% of Semester Grade
4 Buildings each 7 points
Name of Building 1 point
Architect 1 point
Place 1/2 point
Date 1/2 point
Importance 4 point
Vocabulary 12 points
Name: Stonehenge
Place: Salisbury, England
Date: 3000 BC
Architect: Unknown
Built in England approximately 5,000 years ago
Place of Rituals apparently known throughout Europe
Known for the the complex stone work
Rebuilt many times over 1,000 year period
Name: Stonehenge (3000 BC) Architect: None
Location: Salisbury, England
Name: Stonehenge (3000 BC) Architect: None
Location: Salisbury, England
Name:
Location:
Architect:
Name: Palace of Knossos
Place: Knossos, Crete
Date: 1400 - 1300 BC
Architect: Unknown
Use of the Megaron
Unique columns (tapered)
Structural frame used with stones for additional strength
Use of thin material to cover the rough stone
Use of clerestory windows
Palace of Knossos
1400 ~ 1300 Bc
Palace of Knossos
1400 ~ 1300 Bc
Palace of Knossos Throne Room Entry
1400 ~ 1300 Bc
Name: The Parthenon
Place: Athens, Greece
Date: 550 - 400 BC
Architect: Iktinos and Kallikrates
Use of the Megaron for the temple
Built like a citadel on the Acropolis
Use of the Golden Section for proportioning
Uses entasis to make the building look straight from a distance
Doric columns on the outside and Ionic columns on the inside
The Parthenon: Iktinos & Kallikrates
Athens, Greece 550 - 400 Bc
The Parthenon - Plan: Iktinos & Kallikrates
Athens, Greece 550 - 400 Bc
The Parthenon: Iktinos & Kallikrates
Athens, Greece 550 - 400 Bc
Name: Maison Carre, Nimes, France
Place: Nimes, France
Date: 19 BC
Architect:Marcus Agrippa
Roman idea of the perfect Greek temple
Use of corinthian columns
Use of the Golden Section for proportioning
Uses Vitruvian principle of strength, utility and beauty
Influences many future architects
Maison Carre, Nimes, France
Date: 19 Bc Architect: Marcus Agrippa
Maison Carre, Nimes, France
Date: 19 Bc Architect: Marcus Agrippa
Maison Carre, Nimes, France
Date: 19 Bc Architect: Marcus Agrippa
Name:The Pantheon
Place: Rome, Italy
Date: 120 -127 AD
Architect: Marcus Agrippa and Hadrian
Actually 2 different buildings combined
A place to worship all the Gods of Rome
The concrete dome is structurally innovative
Oculus in the center of the dome is the same height (43m) as the floor
circumference
Coffered concrete roof structure makes the dome lighter
The Pantheon, Rome
Date: 120 -127 Ad Architect: Hadrian
The Pantheon, Rome
Date: 120 -127 Ad Architect: Hadrian
The Pantheon, Rome
Date: 120 -127 Ad Architect: Hadrian
Name: Palatine Chapel
Place: Aachen, Germany
Date: 796 - 804 AD
Architect: Odo of Metz
Designed is based on Byzantine architecture of San Vitale
Introduction of westwork as the entrance of Christian churches
Exterior is plain compared to the interior
Uses Italian color scheme on the interior
Use of corinthian columns inside the church
Use of pendentive arches
Palantine Chapel: Aachen, Germany
Date: 796 - 804 Ad Architect: Odo of Metz
Palantine Chapel: Aachen, Germany
Date: 796 - 804 Ad Architect: Odo of Metz
Palantine Chapel: Aachen, Germany
Date: 796 - 804 Ad Architect: Odo of Metz
Name: Alhambra
Place: Granada, Spain
Date: 14th Century
Architect: Unknown
Original Islamic design
Uses Islamic ideas of complex geometries as ornament
Use of horseshoe arches
Uses muqarnas as an ornamental detail
Uses gardens and water elements to help cool the building
Alhambra: Granada, Spain
Date: 14C Ad Architect: Unknown
Alhambra: Granada, Spain
Date: 14C Ad Architect: Unknown
Alhambra: Granada, Spain
Date: 14C Ad Architect: Unknown
Name: St. Denis
Place: Paris, France
Date: 1135 - 1231 AD
Architect: Abbot Suger
First example of Gothic architecture
Primary architectural elements are:
pointed arches
ribbed vaults
flying buttresses
Shows the Gothic idea of God as light
Use of the Rose window
Use of Roman basilica form for the church
St. Denis: Paris, France
Date: 1135 - 1231 Ad Architect:Abbot Suger
St. Denis: Paris, France
Date: 1135 - 1231 Ad Architect:Abbot Suger
St. Denis: Paris, France
Date: 1135 - 1231 Ad Architect:Abbot Suger
Name: Palazzo Rucellai
Place: Florence, Italy
Date: 1446 -1451 AD
Architect: Leon Battista Alberti
Design uses strict order based on Vitruvius and Albertis theory
The facade is cut into the surface material
Proportions are measured for the human eye from street view
Perfect example of the new Renaissance style
Entablature and Pilasters are in perfect proportion to each other
Palazzo Rucellai: Florence, Italy
Date: 1446-1451 Ad Architect: Leon Battista Alberti
Palazzo Rucellai: Florence, Italy
Date: 1446-1451 Ad Architect: Leon Battista Alberti
Palazzo Rucellai: Florence, Italy
Date: 1446-1451 Ad Architect: Leon Battista Alberti
1. Rose Window
2. Muqarnas
3. Golden Section
4. Axiality
5. Imhotep
6. Clerestory Window
7. Westwork
8. Stylobate
9. Ribbed Vault
10. Entasis
11. Mastaba
12. Megaron
A. The floor of Greek Temples.
B. A way of laying out buildings in relation to each other and other objects.
C. A slight convex curve in the shaft of a column to correct the visual illusion of concavity of a straight shaft.
D. An ancient Egypt house style used as a basis for the early pyramids.
E. Ancient architectural proportioning of system (1:1.6) used by Greeks, Romans and even today.
F. Recognized as the first architect
G. A window originally from ancient Egypt placed high above a space to bring in light.
H. An ancient Mycenaean structure that becomes the basis for Greek and Roman temples
I. Device used in Romanesque and Gothic architecture to help buildings gain great height and light
J. A large circular window used in both Romanesque and Gothic churches
K. An Islamic architectural detail that is based on complex geometry
L. The main entrance to Christian churches developed first at Palatine Chapel
Name the three Greek Orders
1_____
2_____
3_____
