The Centre Pompidou Metz

CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ

Contributor:
Contributor:
Tobias Doebele
- Graduate engineer (FH) for timber constructions
- working for Amann since 2004

Tasks:
Tasks:
- Calculation and order acquisition
- Project management
- All projects outside of Germany

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Introduction Holzbau Amann:

- Established in 1932
South Western Germany, close to Swiss and French border
Founder Xaver Amann + 2 employees
Traditional carpentry

- 1955 Gerhard Amann joins the company

~ 15 employees
Focus on major projects

- 2008 one of the leading timber construction companies in Germany

~ 50 employees (graduated engineers, master technicians, masters, etc.)
Major timber construction projects in Germany and abroad

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Realized projects since 1932

- 51 sports halls
- 56 industry halls
- 29 schools
- 27 community centers
- 29 constructions for sport (from natatoriums to ski jumps)
- 17 spa hotels
- 6 office buildings
- 9 restaurants
- 75 residential houses

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The Hermes Roof

World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany
Architects: Herzog+Partners, Munich
Date: 1999/2000
Specifications:
Specifications:
40 grid-shells 20x20m
10 columns, height ~ 25m, consisting each of 4 logs, ~ 1,40m
Roof surface ~ 16.000 m
Scope of work Holzbau Amann:
Design and planning of the entire timber construction
Factory assembly and assembly on site of the columns
On site pre-assembly of the grid-shells
Assembly on site of the entire roof construction
at peak ~ 200 carpenters on site
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The Hermes Roof

World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany

Completed shell

Pre-assembly of the shells in the mould

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The Hermes Roof

World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany

The 4 shells installed to the columns

Shell is installed to columns

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The Hermes Roof

World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany

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Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
Architects: Foster and Partners, London
Date: 2001/2002
Specifications:
Specifications:
High-standard appartment house
10 flats (from 120m to 400m)
~ 230 m Gluelam
~ 15 tons of steel
~ 2500m larch shingles
Scope of work Holzbau Amann:
Design and planning of the entire timber construction
Factory preparation and on site assembly of the timber construction
Thermal insulation and interior fittings

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Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland

photomontage

architects sketches

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architects 3D model

Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland

wall elements ready for transport

pre-assembly of the wall and floor elements

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Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland

Exterior walls, curved in 2 directions, during assembly

assembly of the elements on site

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Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland

Facade with Larch shingles

Interior walls during assembly

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Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland

CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ

SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany
Architects: Hentrich Petschnigg + Partners, Duesseldorf
Date: 2003/2004
Specifications:
Specifications:
Timber truss construction in gluelam ~ 90 m span
Height of the truss ~ 8,0m
~ 1500 m Gluelam
~ 225 tons of steel
Scope of work Holzbau Amann:
Design and planning of the entire timber roof construction
Factory preparation and on site pre-assembly of the trusses
Assembly on site of the entire roof constructionat

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SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany

Assembly of the roof construction

Pre-assembled trusses on site

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SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany

Assembly roof overhang

Truss supports during the assembly

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SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany

CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ

The Centre Pompidou Paris

The Centre Pompidou at Paris, France:
National Centre of Modern Arts and Culture
Architects Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini
Built 1971 - 1977

Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou:

French Prime Minister 1962 - 1968
French President 1969 1974 ()
Art lover and patron
Promoter of the Project
To honour his merits, the Centre
today bears his name

CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ

The Centre Pompidou Metz

Why building an agency of the Centre Pompidou?

Project of Decentralization
Why at Metz?

Metz was the only city left in the end of the
competition.
Other cities, like e.G. Marseille, abandoned the
project
The architectural competition:
competition:

in 2003 international architectural competition

Richard Rogers chose 6 competitors

Japanese architect Shigeru Ban won the
competition

CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ

How Holzbau Amann got into the project

Fall 2004: Email from an engineering office from London

develop its constructability and make a preliminary cost estimate

Wait a minute
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How Holzbau Amann got into the project

On inquiry, more informations were provided:
- Roof surface about 8500m
- Roof composed of grillage elments, grid spacing ~3.0m
- Each grillage element constructed from a three-layer
stack of planks,
three
30cm wide by 8.2cm thick
- Each plank manufactured from multiple layers of LVL board (Kerto)
- Each layer of LVL glued and srewed together to form the composite plank
- Composite planks cut to fit in one direction, bend in the other direction
- Three layer grillage constructed by alternately stacking the planks to form
a composite open stack
- Additional shear blocks installed between the planks
- Roof covered with a PTFE mebrane
- Roof construction not only supported by the 4 columns, also by the
concrete structure and by the steel structure (tower).
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How Holzbau Amann got into the project

The engineers solution

3d modell with all supports

Composition of the grillage

Bending of the
planks
Grillage
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How Holzbau Amann got into the project

And eventually some visualizations

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How Holzbau Amann got into the project

Evaluation of the projected solution
Pro:
- Kerto Q is high-capacity timber product
Contra:
- Material cost and waste material when cutting the layers for the planks
- Glueing on the site
risky, since depending to weather conditions
- bending of the planks in one direction
- Can only be build with moulds or with falseworks under the roof structure
during the assembly.

8500m Freeform structure = 8500m moulds or falseworks!
- General doubts on the correctness of the structural analysis
3d modell correct, connections, loads, load combinations, and results?
Verification not possible, since no calculations were ever presented by the engineer

Proposing a variant seemed oppurtune

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Roof structure
Holzbau Amann teamed up with Swiss wood expert and consultant Hermann Blumer.
First propostion: 3 layers of single, intersecting gluelam beams with hexagonal shapes

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Roof structure
Unfortunately
Unfortunately

Shigeru Ban

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Roof structure
We forgot one thing

the architects inspirationa Chinese hat

A woven, multi-layer structure! No single beams!

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Roof structure
Second proposition: 3 double-layers of intersecting gluelam planks with rectangular shapes.

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Roof structure

Shigeru Ban

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Roof structure

Virendel System

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Roof structure
Specifications accepted solution:
solution:
- 3 double-layers of intersecting gluelam planks, mainly GL24 grading.
- gluelam planks are glued curved in one direction. The curvature in the
second direction and the twisting is achieved by milling the beams
on the CNC machine.
- connection plank to plank: factory glued-in LVL pins with a threaded rod
- additional shear blocks between the planks
Advantages:
- economically advantageous
- less material
Less dead load (significant load in this construction!)
- no glueing on site

- no moulds or false-work needed, just temporary supports for assembly on site

- geometrical shape achieved by CAD design and CNC milling, not by
bending and twisting the planks
high accuracy
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Roof structure

Detail of pin

Detail of shear block

Prestressed threaded rod with disc springs

Kerto Q block(s) screwed between the planks

Transmission bending moments

and lateral forces

Transmission of shear forces between upper and

lower plank

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Roof structure
The model for the structural
analysis
40000 single bars for the
timber construction

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Roof structure
Specifications:
- Roof surface ~ 8000 m
- Gluelam ~ 1000 m
= 18.000 lfm
= 1600 singe beams
- LVL Pins ~ 15.000 Stck
- Kerto shear block ca. 8000 pieces
- Steel elements ~ 11 tons

General Contractor: Demathieu & Bard, France

Contractor timber construction: Holzbau Amann, Germany
Structural Engineer timber construction: SJB,
SJB Switzerland

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Roof structure
2 mock-ups have been built

First mock-up (12x12m) after completion

Second mock-up (9x9m) on the site

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First mock-up during laying the

foundation stone

Roof structure
strength testing at the laboratories of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Biel

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

Starting point: 3D model from the tender

Unfortunately not directly usable for the structural analysis

not sufficiently accurate

Only the fixed points (supports) could be directly transfered,
the rest of the geometry had to be reworked
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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

3D model imported into the structural analysis software RSTAB

~ 45000 bars
~ 30000 nodes

geometrical corrections were realized directly on the structural

analysis modell
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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

3D Modell from RSTAB transformed in a dxf file

some more adaptations and revisions were necessary

architect asked for some corrections to the contours of the edges of the roof

finally on July 27th, 2007:

Shigeru Ban approved the

geometry

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

3D dxf model provides the geometrie of the system lines

does not provide real curves, just discretizations

is not able do create freeform surfaces
Another software was needed!

Holzbau Amann chose the software RHINO:

RHINO

perfectly adapted to design freeform surfaces (nurbs)

well-proven already for Chesa Futura

easy to learn and handle

quite a bargain

possible to create and install plugins for additional functions

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

- Surface relaxation

DESIGNTOPRODUCTION
DESIGN PRODUCTION

- blanks
- division of the planks

DXF

Holzbau Amann

icapp
capp

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RHINO

- Smoothing the surface

From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

Rhino model of the roof structure

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

Each plank (blank and finished piece) is imported from Rhino into CADWORK
via .sat file
In CADWORK:
CADWORK
- designing and integrating of the connection elements
- generating production lists and shop-drawings
- adjustment to the trimming line

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

3D model of each plank (blank and finished piece) is exported from Cadwork
as .sat files and imported into the PEPS software
PEPS
CAM-system (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

PEPS has a graphical user interface

the points for cuts, drill-holes, etc. can be picked from the 3d model
PEPS calculates and generates the necessary commands for the trimming line

for the 5 axis milling of the planks plugins have been programmed
Click on edge of a plank
PEPS generates commands for the trimming line

machining can be simulated in PEPS

errors can be detected before the plank is on the trimming line!

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

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From the 3D model to the trimmed plank

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Some figures on the trimming

Gluelam

~ 1400 m blanks
~ 1000 m on site
~ 18000 lfm
~ 1600 singe beams

Sheduled time for trimming

~ 10 months

Sheduled beginning trimming

~ April/Mai 2008

Sheduled assembly on site

~ February 2009
~ 3 months

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The Centre Pompidou Metz

Thank you for your attention

CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ