Centrifugal Pumps

Is used for high-discharge, low-head, high-speed, and not self-priming operation.

Classification o f Centrifugal Pump

A. Volute type pump
The volute of a centrifugal pump is the casing that receives the fluid being pumped by
the impeller, slowing down the fluid's rate of flow. A volute is a curved funnel that increases in
area as it approaches the discharge port. The volute converts kinetic energy into pressure by
reducing speed while increasing pressure, helping to balance the hydraulic pressure on
the shaft of the pump.
The name "volute" is inspired by the resemblance of this kind of casing to the scroll-like part near
the top of an ionic order column in classical architecture, called a volute.



B. Diffuser pump
Another type of radial flow centrifugal pump is the diffuser pump, in which, after the fluid has left the
impeller, it is passed through a ring of fixed vanes that diffuse the liquid, providing a more controlled flow
and a more efficient conversion of velocity head into pressure head.

C. Mixed-flow pumps
Mixed-flow pumps function as a compromise between radial and axial-flow pumps. The fluid experiences
both radial acceleration and lift and exits the impeller somewhere between 0 and 90 degrees from the
axial direction. As a consequence mixed-flow pumps operate at higher pressures than axial-flow pumps
while delivering higher discharges than radial-flow pumps. The exit angle of the flow dictates the pressure
head-discharge characteristic in relation to radial and mixed-flow.



D. Axial Flow Pump
An axial-flow pump, or AFP, is a common type of pump that essentially consists of a propeller (an
axial impeller) in a pipe. The propeller can be driven directly by a sealed motor in the pipe or by electric
motor or petrol/diesel engines mounted to the pipe from the outside or by a right-angle drive shaft that
pierces the pipe.
Fluid particles, in course of their flow through the pump, do not change their radial locations since the
change in radius at the entry (called 'suction') and the exit (called 'discharge') of the pump is very small.
Hence the name "axial" pump.


Reciprocating Pump
Is used for low-discharge, high-head, low-speed, and self-priming operation.
Classification of Reciprocating Pumps
A. Piston and Plunger Type

Piston pumps and plunger pumps are reciprocating pumps that use a plunger or piston to move
media through a cylindrical chamber. The plunger or piston is actuated by a steam powered,
pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric drive.
Rotary piston and plunger pumps use a crank mechanism to create a reciprocating
motion along an axis, which then builds pressure in a cylinder or working barrel to force gas or
fluid through the pump. The pressure in the chamber actuates the valves at both the suction
and discharge points. Plunger pumps are used in applications that could range from
70 to 2,070 bar (1,000 to 30,000 psi). Piston pumps are used in lower pressure applications. The
volume of the fluid discharged is equal to the area of the plunger or piston, multiplied by its
stroke length. The overall capacity of the piston pumps and plunger pumps can be calculated
with the area of the piston or plunger, the stroke length, the number of pistons or plungers and
the speed of the drive. The power needed from the drive is proportional to the pressure and
capacity of the pump.
[1]

Seals are an integral part of piston pumps and plunger pumps to separate the power fluid from
the media that is being pumped. Astuffing box or packing is used to seal the joint between the
vessel where the media is transferred and the plunger or piston. A stuffing box may be
composed of bushings, packing or seal rings, and a gland.
Plunger pumps component materials are chosen for wear and contact with the media type.
Component materials include bronze, brass, steel, stainless steel, iron, nickel alloy, or other
material. For example, plunger pumps that function in general service or oil service applications
often have an iron cylinder and plunger. The plunger, discharge valves, and suction valves
come in contact with the media type transferred, and material choices are based on the fluid
transferred. In power applications where continuous duty plunger pumps are needed, solid
ceramic plungers may be used when in contact with water and oil, but may not be compatible
for use with highly acidic media types.

B. Diaphragm Type Pumps


The diaphragm pump is an offshoot of a plunger pump. Because of the risk that contamination
could travel between the plunger and the cylinder, the diaphragm is safer for microbial
processing. This applet is crude but shows how a reciprocating piston (plunger) pump works. The
flywheel that moves the plunger can attach the arm to the plunger at various points to change
the amplitude of the stroke and thus the pumping rate. The pumping rate can also be changed
with a different rotational speed, but variable speed motors or mechanical means of changing
rpm are expensive.
Rotary Pumps
It is used for low-discharge, low-head operation, and for pumping viscous liquid like oil.
Classification of Rotary Pumps
A. Sliding vane (rigid)

In this rotary pump technology the vane or vanes are moved by a rotor, thereby drawing fluid
into and forcing fluid out from the pumping chamber formed in cooperation with the pump
casing. These pumps may be made with vanes in either the rotor or stator and with radial
hydraulic forces balanced or unbalanced on the rotor. Figure 3.1.2a (page 15) illustrates a vane-
in-rotor constant displacement unbalanced pump. Figure 3.1.2b illustrates a vane-in-stator
constant displacement unbalanced pump. Vane-in-rotor pumps also may be made with
variable displacement pumping elements.
A common design has a number of vanes that are free to move into and out of slots in the
pump rotor, which is inside an eccentrically shaped casing that acts as a cam. In this design,
when the driver turns the rotor, centrifugal forces, internal pusher rods, and/or pressurized fluids
causes the vanes to move outward in their slots and bear against the inner bore of the pump,
forming pumping chambers. As the rotor revolves, fluid flows into the area between the vanes
(pumping chambers) when they pass the suction port. The fluid is transported around the pump
casing until the discharge port is reached. At that point the fluid is squeezed out into the
discharge piping.
In variable capacity designs, displacement of the pump is changed by mechanical movement
of the cam ring relative to the rotor. Appropriately configured designs do not need relief valves
but simply move the cam to compensate for overpressure until the flow is reduced to zero.
Engineered vane materials make these pumps well-suited for low-viscosity, nonlubricating liquids.
Such liquids include solvents, fuel oils, gasoline, refrigerants, and liquefied gas. They handle fluid
viscosities ranging from 0.5 cSt to 220,000 cSt (1,000,000 SSU), which are used in a wide range of
industries from aviation and automotive to textile. In proper configurations they can be used for
fluid temperatures from 29C (20F) to 204C (400F) and pressures to 20 bar (290 psi).
At volumes below 3 m
3
/h (13 gpm) direct four-pole motor drives are possible. In general for
larger flows up to 570 m
3
/h (2500 gpm) design rotating speeds are typically below 600 rpm.
Because of their versatility they are available in a wide range of materials, such as stainless steel,
nodular iron, cast iron, bronze, and aluminum.

B. Axial piston pumps
In this pump type fluid is drawn in and forced out by multiple pistons that reciprocate within
cylinders. The reciprocating motion is created by a cam plate that is inclined at an angle with
the pump centerline and does not rotate.
One end of each piston is held in contact with the cam plate as the cylinder block and piston
assembly rotates with the driveshaft. This causes the pistons to reciprocate within the cylinders.
The length of the piston stroke is proportional to the angle that the cam plate makes with the
pump centerline. Valving is accomplished by rotation of the pistons and cylinders over the inlet
and outlet ports.
In fixed displacement axial piston pumps the angle of the cam plate with respect to the pump
centerline is fixed. In variable displacement axial piston pumps the angle of the cam plate with
respect to the pump centerline can be varied.
Axial piston pumps have relatively low flow rates, 70 m
3
/h (300 gpm), but are capable of
operating at pressures to 250 bar (3600 psi). Typical applications include the spraying of clean
fluids or high-pressure pumping of lubricants. This type of pump will typically operate at
synchronous motor speeds.

C. Flexible member

a. Flexible vane
Another member of the rotary family is the flexible vane pump (sometimes categorized as a
flexible impeller pump). These designs have a typical range up to 25 m
3
/h (110 gpm) and a
maximum pressure capability of 4.1 bar (60 psi). They perform a wide variety of transfer duty
applications for low-viscosity fluids up to 22,000 cSt (100,000 SSU). Temperature capabilities
typically extend to 90C (195F) fluids.
The pump uses an elastomer rotating member with enlarged vane tips that form a pumping
chamber in conjunction with a casing when the rotor is placed with the shaft centered in the
substantially circular casing that incorporates an eccentric section. Discharge forcing action is
accomplished as the vane bends in the eccentric section, effectively squeezing liquid from the
discharge chamber. This design is shown in Figure 3.1.4.1.
Because of the variety of applications, stationary components are available in various materials,
including stainless steel, bronze, steel, cast iron, and nonmetallics. Flexible members are
correspondingly available in a broad range including neoprene, nitrile, EPDM, and Viton.*
Some designs have hygienic certifications, and magnetic drive models are available.
This allows a very broad range of industries to be served, from food, beverage, and
pharmaceuticals; to chemical and paints; to recreational marine. Flexible vane pumps are
typically direct-coupled to the drivers and operate at synchronous motor speeds.

D. Peristaltic

In this type, the fluid pumping and sealing action depends on the elasticity of the flexi ble
member(s). The flexible member may be a tube or a liner. This type of pump is illustrated in Figure
3.1.4.2. The most common type of flexible member pump is the peristaltic pump that has a
flexible tube compressed between one or more moving rollers or shoes and a fixed track. The
track is curved and the rollers or shoes rotate about an axis coincident with the center of the
radius of curvature of the track. The roller or shoe compresses the tubing and pushes the fluid in
front of the roller or shoe towards the discharge end of the tubing. The tubing behind the roller
expands to full shape and fills with more fluid. The most common peristaltic pumps have two or
three rollers or shoes, which permits closure of the tubing between the suction and discharge
ends at all times.
The primary advantage of peristaltic pumps is that the fluid contacts only the tubing. Peristaltic
pumps are self-priming, do not require seals and valves, and are reversible. They are used in
pharmaceutical, chemical, food, and beverage production, and a number of industrial
applications. Small peristaltic pumps are used in various medical applications, and the industrial
models can be used for pumping slurries, abrasive fluids, fluids with solids in suspension, and low-
to medium-viscosity fluids. Peristaltic pumps are available with flow rates up to 80 m
3
/h (350
gpm) and differential pressures to 16 bar (230 psi).
The smaller models typically operate at speeds below 200 rpm and the larger models are limited
to speeds below 100 rpm.
Because only the tubing contacts the fluid, it is available in a variety of materials to ensure
compatibility with the fluid being pumped. The life of the tubing depends on the fluid pumped,
differential pressure, pump speed, and tubing material.

E. Lobe

In this design, fluid is carried between rotor lobe surfaces and the pumping chamber from the
inlet to the outlet. The rotor surfaces cooperate to provide continuous sealing. The rotors must be
timed by separate means. Each rotor has one or more lobes. Figures 3.1.5a and 3.1.5b illustrate a
single- and threelobe pump, respectively.
Lobe pumps are available in a number of configurations and are used in a variety of
applications and industries. They can pump a variety of fluids, including most low- to medium-
viscosity fluids such as slurries, solids in suspension, and shear-sensitive fluids. If wetted by injecting
fluid into the pumping chamber prior to starting, they can self-prime, operate dry for brief
periods of time, and handle relatively large solids. They are frequently used to handle food
products because of their ability to handle solids without damaging the product and their ability
to be readily cleaned.
Lobe pumps are available in flow rates up to 900 m
3
/h (4000 gpm) and can pump fluids with
viscosities of 440,000 cSt (2,000,000 SSU). Specific models can operate at temperatures to 177C
(350F), differential pressures up to 28 bar (400 psi), and can pump fluids with viscosities of
2,000,000 SSU. With smaller lobe pumps (47 m
3
/h [208 gpm]), speeds of 1000 rpm are possible.
As the pump capacity per revolution increases, speeds are reduced.
Larger lobe pumps typically operate at speeds of 600 rpm or less, and operating speeds and
flow rates are reduced as the fluid viscosity increases.

F. Gear

In this type of pump, fluid is carried between gear teeth and displaced when they mesh. The
surfaces of the rotors cooperate to provide continuous sealing and either rotor is capable of
driving the other.

a. External gear
The external gear pump is a positive displacement pump composed of a casing with two
meshing gears with external teeth.
One gear is driven by the shaft coupled to a driver. This gear drives the other gear. The rotation
of the gears is such that the liquid comes into the inlet port and flows into and around the outer
periphery of the two rotating gears. As the liquid comes around the periphery it is discharged to
the outlet port (Figure 3.1.6.1). The flow of the pump is regulated by the size of the cavity
(volume) between the teeth and the speed of the gears.
Flow from the outlet is further regulated by the amount of liquid that slips back to the inlet port.
The amount of slip depends on the side clearance of the gears to the casing, the peripheral
clearance of the gear and bore in the casing, gear-to-gear clearance, developed pressure,
and viscosity of the liquid. The lower the viscosity, the greater the slippage. Slippage approaches
zero at 5000 SSU. As the viscosity increases, the pump speed is lowered to allow the liquid to fill
the space between the rotating teeth. Viscosity range is 2 to 400,000 cSt (40 to 2,000,000 SSU).
Most external gear pumps use spur, helical, or herringbone gears. The helical and herringbone
gears will deliver more flow and higher pressure. They are quieter than the spur gears but may
require more net inlet pressure than a spur gear.
The most common uses for these pumps are to supply fuel oil for burners, gasoline transfer,
kerosene, fuel oil, and diesel oil. They are used for hydraulic devices such as elevators and
damper controls. They also pump coolants, paints, bleaches, solvents, syrups, glues, lard,
greases, asphalt, petroleum, and lube oils and are used in general industrial applications.
External gear pumps can handle small suspended solids in abrasive applications but will
gradually wear and lose performance. Materials of construction are dictated by the application
and are available in cast iron, ductile iron, bronze, cast steel, and stainless steel. Because of their
broad application scope, numerous optional designs are available.
Rated (normal) performance range is 1 to 180 m
3
/h (5 to 800 gpm), 3.5 to 21 bar (50 to 300 psi),
and 0.37 to 75 kW (0.5 to 100 hp). Small external gear pumps frequently operate at four-pole
motor speeds (1800 rpm) and have operated at two-pole speeds (3600 rpm). As the pump
capacity per revolution increases, speeds are reduced to less than 500 rpm. Operating speeds
and flow rates are reduced as the fluid viscosity increases.
b. Internal gear
The internal gear pump is a rotary flow positive displacement pump design, which is well-suited
for a wide range of applications due to its relatively low speed and inlet pressure requirements.
These designs have only two moving parts and hence have proven reliable, simple to operate,
and easy to maintain.
They are often a more efficient alternative than a centrifugal pump, especially as viscosity
increases. Internal gear pumps have one gear with internally cut gear teeth that mesh with the
other gear that has externally cut gear teeth. Pumps of this type are made with (Figure 3.1.6.2a)
or without (Figure 3.1.6.2b) a crescent-shaped partition. Either gear is capable of driving the
other, and the design can be operated in either direction. Designs are available to provide the
same direction of flow regardless of the direction of shaft rotation.
As the gears come out of mesh on the inlet side, liquid is drawn into the pump. The gears have a
fairly long time to come out of mesh allowing for favorable filling. The mechanical contacts
between the gears form a part of the moving fluid seal between the inlet and outlet ports. The
liquid is forced out the discharge port by the meshing of the gears.
Internal gear pumps are commercially available in product families with flows from 1 to 340 m
3
/h
(5 to 1500 gpm) and discharge pressures to 16 bar (230 psi) for applications covering a viscosity
range of 2 to 400,000 cSt (40 to 2,000,000 SSU). Internal gear pumps are made to close
tolerances and typically contain at least one bushing in the fluid. They can be damaged when
pumping large solids. They can handle small suspended solids in abrasive applications but will
gradually wear and lose performance. Materials of construction are dictated by the application
and include cast iron, ductile iron, bronze, cast steel, and stainless steel.
Small internal gear pumps frequently operate at four-pole motor speeds (1800 rpm) and have
operated at two-pole speeds (3600 rpm). As the pump capacity per revolution increases,
speeds are reduced. Larger internal gear pumps typically operate below 500 rpm. Operating
speeds and flow rates are reduced as the fluid viscosity increases.
Pinion-drive internal gear pumps are a distinctive subclass with unique operating characteristics.
They are typically direct-drive arrangements operating at two-, four-, and six-pole speeds for
flows below 750 L/min (200 gpm) on clear to very light abrasion, low-viscosity, hydrocarbon-
based fluids. They are available in single or multistage module designs capable of pressures to
265 bar (4000 psi).
Internal gear pumps are applied in petrochemical, marine, terminal unloading, asphalt,
chemical, and general industrial applications for transfer, lubrication, processing, and low-
pressure hydraulics handling a wide range of fuel oils, lube oils, and viscous chemicals (both
corrosive and noncorrosive). Because of their broad application scope, numerous optional
designs are available, such as close-coupled, abrasion resistant, and API Standard compliance
considerations.
G. Circumferential piston
The circumferential piston pump is a rotary flow positive displacement pump design, which is
well-suited for a wide range of applications due to its relatively low speed and inlet pressure
requirements and large cavities. These designs have only two moving parts within the fluid
chamber and hence have proven reliable. There is no sealing contact between the piston
surfaces, which distinguishes this design from gear and screw pumps. External timing gears
synchronize the circumferential pistons. As the circumferential piston rotates on the inlet side, the
expanding volume draws the liquid into the pump. The liquid is forced out the discharge port by
the collapsing cavity on the discharge side.
Circumferential piston pumps are commercially available in product families with flows to 140
m
3
/h (600 gpm) and discharge pressures to 31 bar (450 psi) for applications covering a viscosity
range of 50 to 1,000,000 cSt (200 to 4,500,000 SSU). Circumferential piston pumps are made to
close tolerances.
They can pump almost any product that can be moved and can handle rather large solids and
shear-sensitive fluids. They are suitable to run dry for extended periods. Shaft supports often are
external from the fluid chamber allowing for higher pressure capabilities. Materials of
construction are dictated by the application and include cast iron, ductile iron, cast steel,
stainless steel, and many exotic materials.
With smaller circumferential piston pumps speeds of 1800 rpm are possible. Larger
circumferential pumps typically operate at speeds of 500 rpm or less. Operating speeds and flow
rates are reduced as the fluid viscosity increases.
Circumferential piston pumps are used in petrochemical, paper, marine, wastewater, food
processing, tank and terminal unloading, asphalt, chemical, and general industrial applications
for transfer and processing handling a wide range of liquids and viscous chemicals (both
corrosive and noncorrosive). They are particularly suited for high viscosities, shear-sensitive fluids,
and applications that may run dry for a period of time or require higher pressure capability than
an internal gear or lobe pump can provide.

H. Screw

In this pump type, fluid is carried in spaces formed by the screw(s) and the screw housing and is
displaced axially from suction to discharge as they mesh.
a. Single screw (progressing cavity)
Single-screw pumps (commonly called progressing cavity pumps) illustrated in Figure 3.1.8.1,
have a rotor with external threads and a stator with internal threads. In the simplest form of
progressing cavity pump a singlethreaded inner member (rotor) rotates inside a double-
threaded outer member (stator). The geometry of the rotor and stator are such that cavities are
created between the rotor and stator. In each revolution of the rotor two cavities are formed
that progress from one end of the rotor and stator pair to the other end. The geometry of the
rotor and stator also causes the rotor to rotate eccentric to the axis of rotation. In most
progressing cavity pumps the stator is made of an elastomeric material and the rotor is made of
a rigid material. The elastomeric stator attaches to the rotor with a compressive fit between the
rotor and stator. Progressing cavity pumps are also available with rigid stators that fit on the rotor
with a clearance. Progressing cavity pumps with rigid stators are suited for pumping
nonabrasive, medium- to high-viscosity fluids at pressures to 200 bar (2900 psi). Progressing cavity
pumps can pump a wide variety of fluids, from less than 1 SSU viscosity to over 2,000,000 SSU
viscosity.
They can handle fluids containing abrasives and solid particles up to 9 cm (3.5 in.) in diameter,
and can handle multiphase fluids with up to 99% gas. They are capable of self-priming and can
suction lift fluids up to 8.5 m (28 ft). They can be used to pump practically any fluid that is
compatible with the materials of construction. Progressing cavity pumps are available with flow
rates over 850 m
3
/h (3750 gpm). Standard industrial models are available with differential
pressure capabilities up to 70 bar (1040 psi). Models for special applications, such as downhole
pumps or viscous fluid applications, have pressure capabilities up to 200 bar (2900 psi) but are
usually limited to less than 25 m
3
/h (110 gpm) flow rates.
Although some of the smaller progressing cavity pump models operate at speeds up to 1800
rpm, most industrial pump models operate at speeds from 150 to 600 rpm. The low operating
speeds and rotor and stator design enable progressing cavity pumps to handle delicate and
shear-sensitive fluids without damaging the fluid.
b. Multiple-screw pumps
Multiple-screw pumps have multiple external screw threads. Such pumps may be timed or
untimed. Figure 3.1.8.2a illustrates a timed screw pump. Figures 3.1.8.2b and 3.1.8.2c illustrate
untimed screw pumps.
c. Timed screw pump
Within this family there are a broad range of mechanical configurations, from standard designs
to highly customized special units. Unique designs deal with elements as fundamental as screw
forms, casing configuration, and timing gear types.
Common among the family, however, are two rotating screws positioned by bearing locations
and with synchronizing oillubricated timing gear elements on both rotors.
Illustrated in Figure 3.1.8.2a is a timed screw pump. Fluid enters at the center inlet, splits axially
into two end suction sections, and, as the rotating screws intermesh, chambers are formed
trapping and conveying fluid axially to the center discharge of the pump.
Products of this design handle a wide range of viscosity from 2 to 1,000,000 cSt (33 to 4,500,000
SSU). They also have excellent multiphase capabilities and handle typical contaminants such as
found in oil production/pipeline applications.
They can be manufactured in a broad range of materials, including those for corrosive
applications, making them suitable for chemical industry services. Because of the axial
movement of the fluid through the pump and the compact diameter of the rotors, timed screw
pumps typically operate at motor speeds (two-, four-, and six-pole).
Pressure capabilities to 104 bar (1500 psi) are available for fuel injection and crude oil pipeline
services. Flow ranges to 2700 m
3
/h (12,000 gpm) are available for marine cargo handling and
transfer pump applications. They pump with a minimum of fluid shear also making them suitable
for handling non-Newtonian fluids. Temperature capabilities to 315C (600F) qualify them for
selected refinery process applications where meeting API Standards is also a requirement. They
have extremely low net positive inlet pressure required (NPIPR) capabilities for difficult vapor
pressure fluid applications and are frequently found to be the pump technology for difficult
service applications.
d. Untimed screw pump
The untimed rotary screw pump is an axial-flow, multirotor, positive displacement design used in
a wide range of applications in pumping clean to mildly abrasive viscous liquids. It is often a
more efficient alternative than centrifugal pumps. The design may use two, three, four, or five
screws. The most common configuration is the three-screw pump, which consists of a power
rotor (drive screw) and two symmetrically opposed idler rotors (driven screws) that mesh within a
close-fitting housing forming a succession of cavities to continuously convey fluid to the pump
discharge.
Untimed screw pumps are available with a double-ended flow path as illustrated in Figure
3.1.8.2c or with a single-ended flow path as shown in Figure 3.1.8.2b. Timing is accomplished
through rotor geometry. In a properly applied three-screw pump, there is no rotor contact
because screws are supported radially in their bores and are hydraulically balanced or free to
float on a hydrodynamic film created by the pumped liquid. In other untimed screw pump
configurations, the screws may be supported in product-lubricated bushings.
Units are commercially available in product families with flows to 1200 m
3
/h (5300 gpm) and
discharge pressures to 310 bar (4500 psi). Applications cover a wide viscosity range from 2 to
220,000 cSt (33 to 1,000,000 SSU) and temperatures from below zero to 274C (500F). Because of
the axial movement of the fluid and the compact diameter of the rotors, untimed screw pumps
typically operate at motor speeds (two-, four-, and six-pole). Screw pumps operate with a
minimum of noise, vibration, and fluid pulsation. Other characteristics important in many
applications are their good suction capability and low shear rate. Untimed screw pumps are
frequently found in installations where extended uninterrupted service life is required.
Materials of construction are dictated by the application and product family with options
available in aluminum, cast iron, ductile iron, carbon steel, alloy steel, bronze, and corrosion-
resistant materials. Hardened components may be offered for mildly abrasive applications in
which internal wear is a function of the amount and nature of particulate present in the pumped
liquid, materials of construction, and operating conditions.
Screw pumps are used in oil field, pipeline, refinery, marine, power generation, chemical,
hydraulic systems, and general industrial applications for transfer, lubrication, injection, and
hydraulics handling a wide range of fluids, such as fuel oils, lube oils and greases, asphalts,
noncorrosive viscous chemicals, and high-pressure coolants.
Because of their broad application scope, numerous standard option packages are available,
such as machinery attached, close-coupled designs, magnetically driven, and API compliant
versions.

Deep Well Pump
It is divided into plunger or reciprocating, turbine, ejector-centrifugal types and air lifts.
Classification of Deep Well Pumps
Turbine Pump
It is a deep-well pump used for heads up to 1000ft and for capacities up to 7000gpm.
Submersible Motor Pump
It is a deep-well pump used for heads up to 8000ft.

Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Urdaneta City, Campus








Fluid Machinery
Assignment


SUBMITTED BY:
Fernandez, Celester G.
BSME IV
2013-11-25


SUBMITTED TO:
Engr. Alfredo Apolinar
SUBJECT INSTRUCTOR