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HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis: 1 Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry

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This document provides an analysis of exam questions from the HKAL CHEMISTRY exam covering various topics in chemistry. It lists over 200 exam questions categorized under 14 main topics: 1) Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry; 2) Electronic Structure of Atoms; 3) Energetics; 4) Bonding & Structure; 5) Chemical Kinetics; 6) Chemical Equilibrium; 7) Periodic Properties of Elements; 8) s-Block Elements; 9) p-Block Elements; 10) d-Block Elements; 11) Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry; 12) Chemistry of Organic Compounds; 13) Chemistry in Action; and 14) Polymers. For each

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HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis: 1 Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry

Uploaded by

sachinkurhekar
48 views7 pages
This document provides an analysis of exam questions from the HKAL CHEMISTRY exam covering various topics in chemistry. It lists over 200 exam questions categorized under 14 main topics: 1) Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry; 2) Electronic Structure of Atoms; 3) Energetics; 4) Bonding & Structure; 5) Chemical Kinetics; 6) Chemical Equilibrium; 7) Periodic Properties of Elements; 8) s-Block Elements; 9) p-Block Elements; 10) d-Block Elements; 11) Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry; 12) Chemistry of Organic Compounds; 13) Chemistry in Action; and 14) Polymers. For each

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This document provides an analysis of exam questions from the HKAL CHEMISTRY exam covering various topics in chemistry. It lists over 200 exam questions categorized under 14 main topics: 1) Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry; 2) Electronic Structure of Atoms; 3) Energetics; 4) Bonding & Structure; 5) Chemical Kinetics; 6) Chemical Equilibrium; 7) Periodic Properties of Elements; 8) s-Block Elements; 9) p-Block Elements; 10) d-Block Elements; 11) Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry; 12) Chemistry of Organic Compounds; 13) Chemistry in Action; and 14) Polymers. For each

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48 views7 pages

HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis: 1 Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry

Uploaded by

sachinkurhekar
This document provides an analysis of exam questions from the HKAL CHEMISTRY exam covering various topics in chemistry. It lists over 200 exam questions categorized under 14 main topics: 1) Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry; 2) Electronic Structure of Atoms; 3) Energetics; 4) Bonding & Structure; 5) Chemical Kinetics; 6) Chemical Equilibrium; 7) Periodic Properties of Elements; 8) s-Block Elements; 9) p-Block Elements; 10) d-Block Elements; 11) Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry; 12) Chemistry of Organic Compounds; 13) Chemistry in Action; and 14) Polymers. For each

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HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 99

1 Atoms, Molecules & Stoichiometry Atomic structure Relative masses & mass spectrometer Ideal gas equation - ppm calculation Empirical & molecular formulae Oxidation no. & balancing redox equations II-1a(i) I-1a(i) II-6d(i) II-7c(i) I-3b(i) I-3b(i), I-4a(i), II-4c Titrations involving acid-base & redox rxns 2 Electronic Structure of Atoms Atomic emission spectrum Evidence of electron shells & subshells Atomic orbital Electronic configuration 3 Energetics Standard enthalpy changes - simple calorimetric method Energetics of formation of ionic cpds Bond enthalpy. Bond length Spontaneity of changes I-7b II-1a(ii) II-2b II-4a II-2a II-2a II-2a(i) I-3a(i) I-3a(i) I-2a II-1c II-2a I-2a(i) I-2b I-2a(ii) I-3a(i) I-9E I-3a I-7a II-4c I-1a(ii) II-1c I-2c I-4de II-2a, II-4b(ii) I-2a(iii) I-3c(ii) II-2a I-1b I-3a(iv), II-2a II-5a II-1c II-3b I-2b(i) II-1b(i) II-1c(i) II-2b II-1a I-4c, II-3d II-2c(i) I-3c(iv) II-1a I-3b(ii), II-4b I-3b II-1c I-7a I-3b II-6a(i) II-3c II-1a(i) II-2d, II-3d(ii)(II) II-4b(i) I-7b, II-4c I-2a(ii) I-3c II-2b II-1b I-2b(iii), II-7c(ii) I-7c, II-4c I-7c(ii) I-3b I-2b, II-4c(i) I-1a(iii), I-2a II-1a II-1b II-1b II-1a(ii) II-6a(ii) I-1a II-3b(i) II-1a(i)

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II-5a(iii) II-1c(ii)III

HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 99


4 Bonding & Structure Nature of forces holding atoms together Crystals: metallic, ionic, covalent & molecular Shapes of molecules & polyatomic ions II-2c I-1a, II-3c(i) Bonding intermediate % ionic & covalent Intermolecular forces Structures & properties of substances II-3c I-1b(iii) I-1b(i) I-1c II-6c(i) I-1a I-1a(ii) I-1a(i) II-3a(ii), II-2d, II-4b I-4b II-1d(ii) I-3c(i), I-4ade II-2c(ii) 5 Chemical Kinetics Rate of chemical rxn. Factors affecting rate. Rate equation & order of rxn Arrhenius equation Interpretation of rate at molecular level Catalysis I-3b, I-6b(ii) I-9E I-7a II-3a I-7b, II-3b II-3a(iii) I-7b I-3c(ii) II-3a I-2b II-3a II-3a(iii) I-2b II-3a(iii) I-3a I-2a(iii) II-3a(iii) II-3b I-4b(ii), I-8b I-3a(iii), II-3a(i) II-3a II-3a(i) II-3a(ii) II-4a(i) II-4a II-3a(i) II-3a(ii), II-3c(iv) II-3a(i-ii) I-2c, II-3a I-2a I-1a(iii) I-2b(ii) I-7a(i) I-2d I-2c II-4b(i) II-1d(i) II-2c(i) I-4 I-1a(i) II-3b II-3c(ii) II-2c(ii) II-4d I-2c(i) II-1a I-1a II-3b(ii) I-2a(i) I-2a I-3c(i), II-2a(i), II-4b(ii) II-2c(i) II-1a(ii), II-2b,4b(i) I-1a I-9E II-1b(i), I-1b I-3b(i) II-1a(i) I-9E, II-3c I-1a(i), 2b, I-3c(iii) II-4c

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08

I-1a(i-ii), I-3a(ii)

II-4c(ii,iii)

I-7a, 8a(ii) II-2a(i) II-2a(ii)

II-2a(iii) I-8a(ii), II-2b

HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 99


6 Chemical Equilibrium 6.1 Dynamic equilibrium Equilibrium law. Kc & Kp Partition coefficient Factors affecting equilibrium 6.2 Ionic equilibrium Concept of acid/base Calculations involving pH, Ka & Kb Buffer Titration curves & choice of indicator - double indicator method Solubility product 6.3 Redox Equilibrium Electrochemical cell Electrode potential - prediction of feasibility of redox rxns - Nernst equation Secondary cells & fuel cells II-1b I-4a(ii) I-4a II-4a II-3b I-1b II-1b II-4b(ii) I-10E II-4a II-3d I-4b, II-4a(i, ii) II-1b II-2c II-2b I-7a I-1c II-1b(iii) II-1c I-2b I-9E I-4b I-4c I-2c II-3c II-3c I-8a I-7a, II-1c I-4a I-4d, II-4c(ii) I-2b, II-2e(ii) II-2b(iii) I-1a(iii) I-1b(iii) II-4a I-1c(i) II-2b I-1a(i, ii) I-1b(i, ii) II-1b(ii) II-4a(i) I-1c(ii) I-3b(i, ii) I-3a, II-1c(i) I-3a, II-1c II-3a(i) II-3a(ii) II-3b(i) II-4b(ii) II-4b(ii) I-3c(iii) I-3c(i) I-1a(iii) II-4a I-2c II-4a(iii) I-2a I-3a II-4b I-1a(iv), I-3a(iii) I-2a(ii) I-2a II-3c(i, ii) II-2a I-3b II-4a(iii) II-3c(ii) II-4a I-3b(iii) II-3c II-7a(i) I-2a II-4a II-4c II-2c

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II-3b(ii,iii) II-2b(ii,iv)

HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 99


7 Periodic Properties of Elements in Periodic Table Periodic variation in physical properties Periodic relationship among oxides Anomalous behaviour 8 s-Block Elements I-1b(ii) I-7c II-1c(i) 9 p-Block Elements 9.1 Halogens 9.2 Group IV elements I-3d I-1b(i) I-3c(i) I-7a, II-4c,d I-3c II-2c(i) 10 d-Block Elements I-3c II-2d I-3c(iii), I-4b, II-2c, 3a - Qualitative analysis I-7c,d II-1c II-1c I-7a(ii) I-9E, II-2c(i) I-3a II-4c I-3c II-2b II-3c(i) I-3b II-3d(ii) II-3d(ii)(III) II-5a I-3c(ii) II-5b(iii) I-1a(iv) I-3a, I-3c(i) II-1c, II-3d II-3a I-7b II-1b(iii) I-2a(ii) II-1b(ii) I-1b, I-5a(iii), I-7c II-1b(i) I-3b II-2c I-3b, II-1b I-1b, II-3c(i) I-3a I-9E, II-3c(ii) I-6 I-1b II-2a(ii), II-2b,c II-3c II-3b II-3b II-2c(ii,iii) II-4b II-3b II-2d II-3d(i) II-2b I-2b(ii) I-3b II-2c II-4c I-2b I-1b, II-2c(i) II-4a(i) II-2b I-3a(i), I-3b(ii) II-1b

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HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 99


11 Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry 11.1 Orbital hybridization 11.2 Functional groups & physical properties 11.3 Systematic nomenclature II-6c 11.4 Isomerism 11.5 Organic acids & bases - solvent extraction 11.6 Reaction mechanism II-1a(iii), II-4c(i) I-8b(ii), II-6a(ii) I-5a(ii), I-5b(ii), II-5b(ii) - Practical techniques 12 Chemistry of Organic Compounds 12.1 Alkanes & radical substitution 12.2 Alkenes & electrophilic addition 12.3 Benzene & electrophilic substitution II-3b I-5a I-5a I-10E, II-6b I-6b I-5a I-6a I-8a(ii-iv) I-4 I-6c(i) I-10E I-6b(iii) II-6b I-5a(ii) II-2c(iii) I-4, II-7b(iii) I-4ab I-6b(ii,iii) II-6d II-6a I-5a(ii), II-7b I-5a(i), II-6c(i) I-4b(i), II-5a(v) I-5c(i), II-6b I-4a(ii), I-8b I-8b(ii) I-5a(ii) I-5a(ii), I-6b, II-6c(i) I-8a I-8a I-7b, II-5a I-8ab I-7a(i), I-8c I-8a, 8b II-5a I-6a, II-5c I-5a(iii,iv) I-5a(iii), II-6c(iv) II-6b II-6b(i) II-7b I-5b, II-3c I-6a, II-7a I-8a(iv), II-5a, I-5b(ii) I-6b II-6b(ii), II-7b II-7b(iii) II-6d(i) II-1a(iii) II-3b II-2d II-7b(i) II-7c(i) I-3c(ii) II-5c II-5a(i) I-6a(i), II-6b(i) I-2a, II-6b(iii) I-6b(i) II-6c II-5b(i), II-5c, 7b I-5a(ii), I-6a, II-3a I-5a(i), I-6c(i), II-5b(ii-iii) I-6c(ii), I-8a(iii) I-8b(i) II-4b(i), II-5a, 6b I-5b, II-6c(iii) I-4ab, II-5b(i), II-5c, 7b, II-6ac I-8ade, II-7a(iv) II-4a(i), II-6d I-5a I-5a(iii), I-6a,e,f I-5b(i) I-3c(i) I-2a(i) II-6c(i-ii) II-5b(i) I-6b II-7c II-5a(i)

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I-3a(i)

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I-4b, I-5b, II-5a(iv), II-7b(i)

I-5b, I-5c, II-6b

99
12.4 Halogeno-cpds & nucleophilic substitution 12.5 Carbonyl cpds & nucleophilic addition 12.6 Acid derivatives & nucleophilic acyl substitution - fats & oils 12.7 Redox reactions 12.8 Structure determination - Identifying unknown substance - Synthesis 13 Chemistry in Action 13.1 Polymers Naturally occurring polymers Synthetic polymers II-6b I-6a II-5c II-7d II-5d(iii) II-6a(iii), II-7c II-5a II-7b II-5b, II-7a I-5b II-6a

HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 00 01 02 03 04


II-5a I-5b II-5d, II-7c II-6a I-5b(i) I-8a, II-5d,II-7a II-6e I-6b, II-6d I-6c, I-8b I-8b(iii), II-7b I-5b, II-7a II-5b(i) II-5b(ii) I-6a,II-5b, II-7d II-7b I-6a(v) II-5c II-6c I-5a(iii) I-5b I-5a(i, ii) II-6a I-5b I-8a(v), II-6b, 7c I-5a I-5a, II-5b II-5b II-5c II-7c I-5a(i, iv) II-6c I-8b II-5a I-6c(ii, iii) I-5b,II-6a II-6a(iii) I-6a I-6b(ii) II-7b

P. 6

05
I-6b(i) II-7b II-6a I-5b

06
I-6c(iii)

07
I-5a(iii), II-5b II-5c I-4ab, I-5a(iv), II-5c,6c(ii)

08
II-7b(i) I-4a(v) I-4a(i), I-4a(iii)

II-7c I-6c(ii) I-8c, II-5c, II-6b, 7a I-5a I-5b(iii), II-6c,7c(ii) II-7a(ii) I-6a, II-5a, II-6a II-5c, 6b

I-10E I-4a(iv) II-7c I-4c, I-5a, II-6d(i) I-4d II-5b I-8b,II-6a, II-7a I-4a, II-6c

e: out-syllabus

II-7b II-7c

II-6d, II-7c(ii) II-5c

I-6b II-6b II-7c

II-7a II-5b

II-7c I-4, I-5b I-6b(iv), I-10E II-7a

II-5b II-7c

I-5a I-4ef, II-2c, 7b, II-6c(iii-iv) II-5, II-7a I-6, II-7a II-6c, II-6d II-6d I-8, II-7b(ii)

13.2 Drugs

I-4b

I-8b

99
13.3 Green chemistry

HKAL CHEMISTRY Exam Questions Analysis 00 01 02 03 04


II-1c(ii)

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05
I-10E II-4b II-5a(iii)

06
I-5b(iv), II-4c(iv), II-6b(ii)

07
I-1a, I-6f, I-8c,I-10E, II-3c(iv), II-4a(ii-iii)

08
I-2b(ii), I-10E, II-1a, II-7b(ii)III I-2a, 7b I-7c

- practical / lab considerations - experiment design X Out of Syllabus Physical chemistry - radioactivity & C-14 dating - faraday & mole - 2-component phase eqm / ideal solutions Inorganic chemistry - nitrogen / sulphur cpds Organic chemistry - Hofmann rxn, iodoform test, Tollens test - diazonium salt, free radical addition Chemistry & society - pollution, CFCs - food additive

I-8a I-7b, II-2a(ii) I-2b, II-1b(iii), II-2a,b, II-4b I-9E I-7a, I-7c, II-2e II-5a(iv) I-7c, II-2c(ii), II-3d I-5b(iv) II-5c(i) I-6b(i, iv) I-10E II-5d(i, ii) II-6d(ii) I-6c, II-1b(iii), II-5a,b I-10E, II-6a, II-7c(iii) I-10E II-7a I-6b(ii) I-9E II-4d I-8b, II-1b, II-4d I-1b, I-3b, II-1a I-7b II-1c(ii) II-1a II-4a

I-8b I-7a II-2b

I-8cd

I-7a(ii) I-8b

I-7b

I-7bc, 8f, II-1c(i) I-7a

I-1ab II-1c II-3c(ii) II-2c(ii) II-4d I-5a(v), I-8a II-4b(i) II-6a(ii) II-6c I-5a(iii) I-5c II-6a II-3d(i)

I-2b II-1a II-2a I-7b II-4c I-5a(iv) I-8c(i) I-6b(iv)

I-4b II-3b II-3c I-9E

II-6a [e] II-7a(i) II-7b(i) I-6b I-10E

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