APSA-80

APSA-80 Nonionic Surfactant

Applied with Fertilizer, Herbicides and Pesticides for Better Performance and Coverage Diluted and Applied to Soil for Better Water Infiltration and Soil Compaction Relief
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APSA-80 Fertilizer, Herbicide & Pesticide Applications

Reduces Surface Tension of Water Better
Coverage of Leaf Surface Retention on Leaf Surface Penetration of Post-Emergent Herbicides

Better Performance
3

APSA-80 Spreading of Pesticidal Sprays

APSA-80 - Soil Applications

Reduces Surface Tension of Water
Faster Penetration of Water into Soil Less Water Loss Due to Evaporation Less Water Loss Due to Run-Off Better Use of Water

More Efficient Use of Water for Better Crop Yields

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APSA-80 - Use Directions

Herbicides 5-10 CC/20 liter. Insecticides/Fungicides - 2.5-5 CC/20 liter. Soil Compaction Aid -60-180 CC/20-60 liter.spray for at least 1 rai. Turf Dry Spot Control -3 CC/2 liter.spray for 90 square meter

APSA-80

Soil Compaction

Soil Structure
Soil is composed clay, silt and sand soil particles. Clay is the smallest and sand is the largest. The percentage of these three particles determines the type of soil. In general loamy soils are best for agricultural

Soil Structure
The sand, silt and clay particles pack together to soil structure. The soil structure has pore spaces with micropores and larger macropores where air and water can move and be stored in the soil.

Soil Structure
A loose airy structure is ideal for plant growth The particles often become tightly packed limiting plant growth

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Plowing
Plowing is one technique used to loosen the soil texture and make it easier for plants to set roots and grow. However plowing only goes so deep. The soil beneath the plow depth is subject to repeated compaction and over time develops a very hard compacted soil layer that is resistant to root penetration.

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Root Growth in Compacted Soil

Here is a picture of root growth in noncompacted and compacted soils

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What Causes Soil Compaction

Heavy Equipment Traffic Animal Traffic Traffic on Wet Soils Monoculture Agriculture Soil Type
Sandy Loam over Sandy Clay Loam

Soil Compaction is a Problem Under All Cultivation Practices Around the World

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Irrigation Research Foundation

Yuma County, Colorado
90 Hectares

Irrigation
7 Center Pivots 1 Lateral Systems 2 Drip Irrigation Systems Dryland Areas

Sandy Loam Soil with a Sandy Clay Loam Subsoil

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Irrigation Research Foundation

Real Farm Size Test Plots
4 75 cm rows 30 m long

Real Farm Equipment Accessable to the Farm Customer

www.irf-info.com

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Irrigation Research Foundation

Oglalla Aquifer
Largest Aquifer in North America 450,000 sq km Portions of Eight States

Under Water Restrictions

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Access Business Group and Irrigation Research Foundation Seventeen Year Partnership Multi-year Positive Results on APSA-80 and Nutriplant AG Published Research
Soil Compaction Papers Internationsl Symposium on Adjuvants for Agrochemicals 2001, 2007 & 2010
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Soil Compaction at the Irrigation Research Foundation

Sandy Loam Surface with a Sandy Clay Loam Subsurface (15-46 cm deep)
Compacted layer 20-38 cm beneath soil surface

Soil Penetrometer Readings 900+ psi

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Soil Compaction at the Irrigation Research Foundation

Corn Roots can generate 400 psi growing tip pressure Roots cant penetrate 90% of US soils have compaction problems Soil in Thailand have this problem?
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APSA-80
What Did We find at the Irrigation Research Foundation?

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APSA-80
Soil Compaction Relief, Nitrogen Distribution & Water Sorptivity ISAA Paper 2010

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Effect of APSA-80 on Irrigated Corn Yield in Compacted Soil - Average 1997-2005

15,000
Corn Yield Kg/Ha

12,000 9,000 6,000 3,000 0 Control 1.07 L/ha APSA-80 Use Rate 2.14 L/ha
10992 12094 12056

1,102 kg/ha Increase 10% Yield Increase Nine Year Average

Irrigation Research Foundation, Yuma, Colorado

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Effect of APSA-80 on Corn Yield in Compacted Soil Average 2003-2012 - Strip Tillage

15,000
Corn Yield Kg/Ha

12,000 9,000 6,000 3,000 0 Control 1.07 L/ha APSA-80 Use Rate 10392 11061

669 kg/ha Increase

6.4% Yield Increase

Ten Year Average
99.4% Confidence Level

Irrigation Research Foundation, Yuma, Colorado

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Effect of APSA-80 on Dryland Corn Yield in Compacted Soil Five Year Average

6000 5000
5812 4830 4154

676 & 1658 kg/ha Increase

Corn Yield Kg/Ha

4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Control

1.07 L/ha APSA-80 Use Rate

2.14 L/ha

Irrigation Research Foundation, Yuma, Colorado

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Dryland Corn

Irrigation Research Foundation 2007

Growing Season Rainfall = 26.2 cm Photos Taken 8/23/2007

Control 4905 kg/ha

APSA-80 1.07 L/ha 5806 kg/ha

APSA-80 2.14 L/ha 6788 kg/ha

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Dryland Corn

Irrigation Research Foundation 2011

Growing Season Rainfall = 20.3 cm Photos Taken 8/18/2011

Control 1239 kg/ha

APSA-80 1.07 L/ha 2546 kg/ha

APSA-80 2.14 mt/ha 5243 kg/ha

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Effect of APSA-80 on Crop Yields/Hectare Irrigation Research Foundation

Crop
Dryland Corn Drip Irrigated Corn Stacked Corn

Control
4154 7045 14089

APSA-80 @ 1.07 L/ha

4830 7426 14308

Yield Difference
+676 kg +381 kg +219 kg

Hi pH Corn
Silage Corn

13776
71948

14164
78875

+388 kg
+6927 kg

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Effect of APSA-80 on Crop Yields/Hectare Irrigation Research Foundation

Crop
Soybeans

Control APSA-80 @ 1.07 L/ha

4122 4411

Yield Difference
+289 kg

Dryland Soybeans
Drip Irrigated Soybeans Winter Wheat Irrigated Winter Wheat Dryland

744
3298 2406 1575

1763
3399 2963 1689

+1019 kg
+101 kg +557 kg +114 kg

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Effect of APSA-80 on Crop Yields/Hectare Irrigation Research Foundation

Crop
Pinto Beans Sugar Beet Alfalfa

Control
2357 54743 36421

APSA-80 @ 1.07 L/ha

3005 60329 39549

Yield Difference
+648 kg +5586 kg +3128 kg

Potato
Onions Sorghum

25740
15306 5086

29762
18099 5312

+4022 kg
+2793 kg +226 kg

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APSA-80
So Why is APSA-80 Working? Root Growth

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Effect of APSA-80 on Corn Root Depth at 90% Root Volume - Average 1997-2000
Irrigation Research Foundation, Yuma, Colorado

100 80
Root Depth -cm

30% Increase @ 1.07 L/ha

73.7 56.9 79.8

60 40 20 0 Control

41% Increase @ 2.14 L/ha

1.07 L/ha APSA-80 Use Rate

2.14 L/ha

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APSA-80
So Why is APSA-80 Working? Soil Water Characteristics

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Soil Water Infiltration Rates

Dryland Corn - Irrigation Research Foundation 20062009

Total Water Infiltrated - 5 Min. 54.3% Increase

16 14 12
Water - Milliliters
Hydraulic Condictivity cm/hr

Hydraulic Conductivity - 27.6% Increase

8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 Control APSA-80 - 1.07 L/ha

6.25 4.9

14.2

10 8 6
0.06

9.2

Soil Sorptivity - cm/SQRT(sec) -95.8% Increase

4 2 0 Control APSA-80 - 1.07 L/ha

0 Control APSA-80 - 1.07 L/ha 0.04 0.02 0.024 0.047

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What is Happening?

Increased Water Infiltration Rate

Less Water Lost to Evaporation & Run-Off More Moisture in Soil Profile

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What is Happening?

Deeper Root Structure

More Moisture in the Soil Bank More Nutrients in the Soil Bank Absorption at More Optimal Soil Temperature

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What is Happening?

Allows Corn Plant to Put More Energy into Crop Yield Draw Less Nutrients from Top of Soil Profile Allows Nutrient Bank to Build Up in Top of Profile

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APSA-80 on Turfgrass
Soil Wetting Agent
Improved Water Penetration
Increased Soil Moisture Improved Turfgrass Quality Rating

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Sandy Bluegrass Fairway Soil Moisture Content Infected with Dry Spot - Michigan State University

Effect of APSA-80 on

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Soil Moisture Content

15

18.40 15.40

33% Increase @ 74 ml/93 m2 59% Increase @ 148 ml/93 m2

10 5 0

11.60

Control

74 ml

148 ml

APSA-80 Use Rate ml/sq meter

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Infected with Dry Spot - Michigan State University

Effect of APSA-80 on Turf Quality Rating on Sandy Bluegrass Fairway

9
Turfgrass Quality Rating (1=Ideal, 9=Brown)

7 5 3 1 Control 74 ml 148 ml APSA-80 Use Rate - ml/93 sq meters

6.10 3.80 3.80

Significantly Greener Grass with APSA-80

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Effect of APSA-80 & Nutriplant AG on Turf Transplanted Sod Spring 2005

Irrigation Research Foundation Yuma, Colorado

Control
APSA-80 @ 74 ml/93 m2 at transplant APSA-80 @ 1.08 L/ha + Nutriplant AG @ 1.15 L/haapplied monthly Plugs Pulled 6 weeks after tranplant

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Water Stress Resistance in Transplanted Turf

Irrigation Research Foundation 2007
APSA-80 74 ml/93 m2

APSA-80 + Nutriplant AG

Control

Turf Mowed 8 Days Prior and Watered 7 Days Prior to Pictures, Yellow Turf Shows Water Stress

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APSA-80 & Nutriplant Soil +

Two Very Complimentary Agricultural Inputs

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APSA-80 & Soil +

APSA-80
Surfactant Increases Water Penetration into Soil Increases Wetting of Soil Particles Gets More Water into the Soil Profile

Soil +
Secondary & Micronutrient Fertilizer Provides Nutrients for Bacterial Growth Increases Beneficial Soil Microbial Populations

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APSA-80 & Soil +

APSA-80
Increases Soil Moisture
Increases Root Growth Increases Crop Yield

Soil +
Increases Soil Microbial Populations
Increases Organic Matter Increases Soil Water Holding Capacity Increases Root Growth Increases Crop Yield

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APSA-80 & Soil +

Documented Beneficial Soil Microbes

APSA-80
Actinomycetes

Soil +
Actinomycetes Bacillus Clostridium Flavobacterium Micrococcus Rhizobium

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Soil Microbial Functions

Soil Microbial Actinomycetes Functions Soil Water Retention Soil Aeration Reduced Soil Compaction Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen Fixation Decomposition of Organic Matter Decomposition of Organic Matter Decomposition of Organic Matter Decomposition of Organic Matter

Clostridium Rhizobium Bacillus Clostridium Flavobacterium Micrococcus

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APSA-80 & SOIL +

Product Functions
APSA-80
Reduces Surface Tension of Water and Soil Water Contact Angle Increases Soil Moisture Increases Soil Water Holding Capacity

SOIL +
Provides Nutrients to Promote Soil Microbial Growth Promotes Soil Microbial Growth Increases Soil Organic Matter Increases Root Growth

Increases Crop Yield

As Microbial Populations Live and Die They Leave Residues Behind. Carbohydrates Residues Absorb and Hold Water Creating a Moisture Bank for Crops to Access When Needed. When the Carbohydrate Residues Dry Out They Become Hydrophobic and Very Hard to Rewet

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APSA-80 Porosity Demo

Items Needed:
Sugar Cubes Food Coloring Dropper Beaker Water APSA-80

48

APSA-80 Porosity Demo

Procedure:
1.) Use 80 cc. of water in 2 beakers and drop food color about 4 drops both beakers. 2.) Drop 20 drops of APSA-80 in the no.2

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Procedure:

APSA-80 Porosity Demo

3.) Begin the demonstration by stacking 4 6 columns of sugar cubes in a row, two cubes per column.
Note! Each sugar cube has a polished side. Place the polished side of the top cube at the top and the polished side of the bottom cube at the bottom. 4.) Then, drop 20 drops of water on 1st set of sugar cube and 25 drops of water+APSA-80 on 2nd set of sugar cube. We did this at the same time. Note! dropper sizes can vary. Experiment with the number of drops needed to ensure that you do not over saturate the APSA-80 Cubes.

Demo takes about 3 5 minutes to fully develop.

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APSA-80 Porosity Demo

Demo Results:
Compressed cubes of sugar consist of both mirco and macro pores. In this sense, they are similar to soil particles with one exception, they are water soluble and will wet out very quickly and begin to dissolve.

WATER

APSA-80

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APSA-80 Porosity Demo

Demo Results: APSA-80 Treated Water
Even in a water soluble substrate, the APSA-80 treated water with lower surface tension is able to wet out more of the particle surfaces by thoroughly entering the micropores, thus retaining the moisture in the top sugar cube.

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APSA-80 Porosity Demo

Demo Results: Water
Without APSA-80, the water has much higher surface tension and does not enter as many of the micropores. The water without APSA-80 was subjected to greater downward gravitational flow and eventually exited the root zone.

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APSA-80 Porosity Demo

The water treated with APSA-80 has a greater water holding capacity in the sugar cube or soil.

54

Completed Demo
Good Water Retention
More water available for plant growth Water continues to migrate downward

Limited Water Retention

Root Zone

Greater efficiency in water usage Less water available for plant growth

Root Zone
Less efficient water usage

-80 APSA-80

APSA-80 promotes larger root development taller, healthier plants, greater yields & More Dollars

Water
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