ISO Optical drawing standards
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Objectives
Awareness of international drawing standards Awareness of specific optical drawing standards Features unique to optical drawings Using standards as a check list for requirements Awareness of a standard format for optical drawings of components and systems
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Overview
Intro to ISO Mechanical drawing standards Symbols used on drawings and meanings Methods of verification of tolerances on drawings ISO 10110, Part 1 Preparation of optical drawings Unique features of optical drawings and layouts Specifics of optical element drawings Default tolerances for element drawings
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ISO Mechanical drawing standards
ISO 1101 Drawings Geometrical tolerancing Covers all non-optical aspects of drawings Datums related to kinematic design Symbols used for feature tolerances Tolerance frames and zones Theoretically exact dimensions Maximum material condition
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Datums - like kinematics
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Tolerance zone symbols
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Tolerance zone symbols - 2
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Tolerance frames and zones
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ISO Mechanical drawing standards - 2
ISO 5460 Geometrical tolerancing Deals with the verification of dimensions Meaning of a tolerance zone Realizations of planes, lines & points as datums Ordering of datums for measurements Methods of measuring feature characteristics
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Establishing datums for measurement
It is ok to use shims to stabilize the part being measured Using shims changes the righthand case into the lefthand case
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Establishing datums - points
A sphere is a physical realization of a point which is an idealization Properties of a sphere let you infer where the point (center) is in space
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Establishing datums - lines
The cylindrical mandrel is a realization of a line, the axis of the cylinder The OD of the tube can be measured relative to the cylindrical mandrel As an example
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Establishing datums - axes
Use of external features to establish an axis A good (air bearing) rotary table is an excellent way of establishing an axis
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Order of using datums
Use the primary (A) datum first unless datums reversed in tolerance frame Apparent hole location will vary with choice of primary datum
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Verification of straightness
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Verification of flatness
An optical example in a mechanical standard! Many mechanical methods are also shown including using an autocollimator
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Verification of a profile
Use of a template, something used in optical fabrication
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ISO 10110 Optical Drawings Part 1 - General
Covers features on drawings unique to optics Optical axis line types Hatching Leaders dot end to regions
Arrowhead to edges
Clear apertures (effective) Test regions
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Dimensioning radius of curvature
Head of arrow points away from center of curvature, always Helps identify CC or CX when surfaces are near plane The entire radius tolerance can be incorporated in the dimension There are other ways of tolerancing radius, but this way is valid R designates a plane surface, the tolerance is specified using Part 5
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Other optics specific details
Center thickness is indicated as shown For meniscus lenses the total thickness should be shown as well in parenthesis Diameters should be indicated along with the tolerance as shown Clear aperture is indicated with the e Bevels are functional and fully dimensioned Chamfers are protective, given by face width Sharp edges as in prism vertices are indicated
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Prisms dimensions and angles
Prisms with small or protective chamfers are dimensioned to theoretical sharp edges, make clear by adding theor. Surfaces are identified by Roman letters Angles indicated and toleranced Angles between faces and E are pyramidal errors
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Optical element drawing per ISO
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Sub-assemblies
Include parts numbers of separate elements Indicate materials (cement) used in assembly Dimensions or tolerances specific to sub-assembly Other requirements for sub-assembly (focal length) The 4/1 is a centering tolerance relative to datums Center thickness applies to sub-assembly
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Optical layouts or assembly drawings
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Special indications on layouts
Image position
Pupil position
Image position with field stop
Pupil position with physical aperture
Image location and size, no aperture
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Class example system layout
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Zemax ISO element format
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Default tolerances
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