The document discusses the exposure triangle of ISO, aperture, and shutter speed and how they affect image exposure and quality. It explains that ISO determines the camera's light sensitivity, aperture controls the amount of light entering the lens and depth of field, and shutter speed determines motion blur. Getting the right balance of these elements is key to properly exposing an image. The document also provides tips for choosing settings to maximize sharpness, such as using adequate shutter speeds and apertures and selecting the focus point.
The document discusses the exposure triangle of ISO, aperture, and shutter speed and how they affect image exposure and quality. It explains that ISO determines the camera's light sensitivity, aperture controls the amount of light entering the lens and depth of field, and shutter speed determines motion blur. Getting the right balance of these elements is key to properly exposing an image. The document also provides tips for choosing settings to maximize sharpness, such as using adequate shutter speeds and apertures and selecting the focus point.
The document discusses the exposure triangle of ISO, aperture, and shutter speed and how they affect image exposure and quality. It explains that ISO determines the camera's light sensitivity, aperture controls the amount of light entering the lens and depth of field, and shutter speed determines motion blur. Getting the right balance of these elements is key to properly exposing an image. The document also provides tips for choosing settings to maximize sharpness, such as using adequate shutter speeds and apertures and selecting the focus point.
The document discusses the exposure triangle of ISO, aperture, and shutter speed and how they affect image exposure and quality. It explains that ISO determines the camera's light sensitivity, aperture controls the amount of light entering the lens and depth of field, and shutter speed determines motion blur. Getting the right balance of these elements is key to properly exposing an image. The document also provides tips for choosing settings to maximize sharpness, such as using adequate shutter speeds and apertures and selecting the focus point.
This triangle is really a balance or formula that gets utilized every time a picture is taken. Like the three sides/angles of a triangle, there are three components to the exposure triangle. 1. ISOhow sensitive your camera is to light 2. Aperturehow open/closed your lens is 3. Shutter speedhow fast/slow your lens opens and closes
ISO: International Organization of Standardization
For film cameras, it was how sensitive a particular film was to light. For a digital camera, it is how sensitive our camera sensor is to light. Examples:
Outdoors in sunshine = ISO 100
Outdoors in overcast light = ISO 400
Indoors = ISO 800 or higher
When a film photographer when outside to shoot, she would have to
change film to suit the light. With a DSLR, if you want to shoot outside in broad daylight, you would change your ISO to 100 or 200. If you walked back inside, you would simply change it to 800 or 100.
ISO and Noise
ISO can affect how much noise your image has. Noise is the graininess in digital images. Noise comes from two
things: 1. High ISO: the higher the ISO, the more noise 2. Underexposed images: pictures that are not exposed correctly in camera, but later improved in post-processing, will have noise in them, due to the underexposure.
Getting it Right in Camera
Aperture Aperture is how wide the opening of your lens is at the time of the picture.
A smaller f number (like 1.8) means your lens is wide open, allowing in lots and lots of light.
A larger f number (like f16) means the lens is more closed down, allowing in much less light.
How does aperture affect your image?
Aperture has two main purposes: #1 Controls light allowed in through lens
Large apertures (small f numbers) have a very wide opening to allow in
the most light possible.
Narrow/closed down (large f numbers) have smaller openings, preventing much light from entering in.
#2 Controls the depth of focus when picture is taken
Wide open (small f numbers) give you a shallow depth of field, meaning just the subject is going to be in focus and most everything else behind it will be blurry.
Shooting with wide apertures is great for portraits, florals and
other subjects you wish to isolate focus on.
Narrow or closed down apertures (large f numbers) give you a more
focused, detailed images. Your subject plus everything around it and behind it will be in focus.
This is great for landscapes, architectural photography and
large groups shots.
Getting it Right in Camera
Shutter Speed Shutter speed is how long your shutter is open.
Shutter speed will be a fraction like 1/200th of a second.
In your view finder it will just be a number: 200 (for 1/200th) or 1400 for 1/1400th or 20 for 1/20th of a second.
If you have lots of light, your shutter will be fast.
If you have low/poor light, your shutter speed will be slow.
How shutter speed affects your images:
Fast shutter speed can freeze action, like water spraying or jumping kids.
Slow shutter speed can show motion, like a car driving.
Slow shutter speed is one of the main contributors to out of focus images.
If you have a slow shutter speed and you are hand-holding the camera or having a busy subject, you are likely to have some motion blur which will prevent the image from being sharp.
Helpful tip: To ensure sharp pictures, keep your shutter speed at twice the focal length of your lens.
Getting it Right in Camera
Metering Metering is getting your image properly exposed by balancing the ISO, aperture and shutter speed. Types of metering:
Spot metering is taken from one particular, chosen area (use focal points to pick your spot).
Center Weighted - bases the exposure on the intensity of the entire
frame, but with most of the emphasis on a circular area in the center.
Matrix or Evaluative reads the light over the several different spots in image.
I almost always use spot metering, but there are times matrix and center weighted work better. Landscapes matrix / Group portraits center weighted
Getting it Right in Camera
The Secrets to Sharper Pictures
Getting a sharp (seriously in-focus) picture is not as easy as pressing the shutter button. There are several things that you need to do ahead of time, or be aware of while you are shooting. Main ingredients to getting a sharp image: Using appropriate aperture Moving target? Use at least f4 Two people, use f4 / Four or more, use f5.6 or f8
Maintaining adequate shutter speed
If handholding, keep your shutter speed at least two times the
focal length you are using
Picking your own focus points Change your camera setting so YOU pick the focus point, not
the camera Know where to place the focus More focus falls back than forward, so. Focus on the eye closest to you If a group, focus on the person closest to you
Distance to subject(s) The closer you are to your subject, the shallower your depth of
Know This: These Terms Are Very, Very Interchangeable in The Photography World. Here's The Sparknotes Version of Them All. You Can Refer To This List Forever To Find Answers
Know This: These Terms Are Very, Very Interchangeable in The Photography World. Here's The Sparknotes Version of Them All. You Can Refer To This List Forever To Find Answers
