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Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common form of degenerative joint disease that affects the hips, knees, and ankles, leading to disability, especially in the elderly. It is caused by aging or previous joint damage or diseases. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and impaired function in the affected joints. Diagnosis involves physical exam, x-rays showing loss of cartilage and bone changes, and ruling out other causes. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, maintaining joint mobility and function through exercise and assistive devices, and may include medications, injections, or surgery in severe cases.

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422 views2 pages

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common form of degenerative joint disease that affects the hips, knees, and ankles, leading to disability, especially in the elderly. It is caused by aging or previous joint damage or diseases. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and impaired function in the affected joints. Diagnosis involves physical exam, x-rays showing loss of cartilage and bone changes, and ruling out other causes. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, maintaining joint mobility and function through exercise and assistive devices, and may include medications, injections, or surgery in severe cases.

Uploaded by

api-3822433
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Osteoarthritis

By: Sue Renfrow, RN, BSN

Osteoarthritis
* A form of Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)
* A common disabling joint disorder (problems with hips, knees, ankles)
*Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent activity limitation among the elderly leading to disability
*Affects 16- 20 million people in U.S.
Causes
*Idiopathic- Primary
*No prior event or disease
* Aging
*Secondary
*Resulting from previous joint or inflammatory disease
*Congenital diseases ( Legg-Cave’-Perthes)
*Gout
*Obesity the more you weigh the harder it is on your joints
Clinical Manifestations
*Pain
*Stiffness/ swelling
*Functional Impairment/ asymetric
*Heberden’s Nodes
Assessment/Diagnostic
*Physical assessment of musculoskeletal system
*Location and pattern of pain
*X-Rays- Show loss of joint cartilage, narrowing of joint space, osteophytes (bone Spurs)
*Labs-ESR, RH-rule out RA (RH 40 or less)
Medical Management
*Decrease weight
*Injury prevention
*Ergonomic modifications
Conservative:
-heat/cold
-avoid overuse
-supports for joints
-isometric, postural and aerobic exercise
-Physical/Occupational therapy

Pharmacological

*Tylenol, Acetaminophen (drug of choice) worry about liver damage


*Salicylates, Aspirin - the “grandfather”
*NSAIDS: Ibuprofen, Advil, Motrin & Nuprin (eventually will wind up on NSAIDs)
*Cox-2 (Celebrex) worry about GI bleed
*Opiates
*Corticosteroids
*Glucosamine/Chondroiton
*Hyaluronic acid (Synivisc)
*Topical- Capsain, methylsalicylate
Surgical Management
*Osteotomy-moderate to severe loss of function, may have this (realign joint)
*Arthroplasty-surgical repair of the joint p. 1628
Treatment
*GOALS
GOALS of treatment include:
*decreasing joint pain and stiffness
*improving joint mobility and stability
*increasing ability to perform ADL’s
*optimizing functional ability
Nursing Management:
*Chronic pain related to joint degeneration
*Impaired physical mobility related to restricted joint mobility
*Body image disturbance related to visible body changes
*Self-care deficit related to immobility
*Knowledge deficit
*Ineffective individual/family coping or compromise
Preventative Measures:
*Joint
Joint Protection
*Correct body mechanics
*Avoid grasping actions that strain finger joints
*Spread weight of an object over several joints
*Maintain good posture
*Use strongest muscles and favor large joints

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