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Building Agentic AI Systems
Building Agentic AI Systems

Building Agentic AI Systems: Create intelligent, autonomous AI agents that can reason, plan, and adapt

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Profile Icon Anjanava Biswas Profile Icon Wrick Talukdar
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Building Agentic AI Systems

Fundamentals of Generative AI

Generative AI has quickly become a transformative technology in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, revolutionizing creative processes and problem-solving across diverse industries and use cases. It is pushing the boundaries of autonomy in agent-based intelligent systems. In this chapter, we will cover the basics of generative AI. We will explore what generative AI is along with a brief history of generative AI models. We will then discuss the different types of generative models, which include variational autoencoders (VAEs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), autoregressive, and Transformer models. Next, we will delve into the applications of generative AI and wrap up the chapter with a brief discussion of some of the limitations and challenges related to generative AI.

We will cover the following topics in this introductory chapter that will help set the foundations of generative AI as we explore further the capabilities...

Introduction to generative AI

Generative AI refers to a class of AI technologies that is capable of generating various forms of content, including but not limited to text, images, audio, and video. These AI systems can generate new content, based on their training data and input parameters, which usually include text prompts but can also involve other forms of input such as images. The recent buzz around generative AI comes from the simplicity with which new user interfaces powered by this AI technology can create high-quality text, graphics, and videos in seconds.

In very simple terms, generative AI is about making new data that looks like the data from which it has been trained. In other words, learning the underlying patterns, structures, and distributions of input data enables a procedure within the model allowing it to generate new data in a similar way. For instance, if trained on a dataset of human faces, a generative AI model will be able to create completely new faces of...

Types of generative AI models

Generative AI is an exciting domain of AI that deals with the generation of new, synthetic data by learning patterns from existing datasets, aiming to generate outputs that share similar statistical properties and characteristics with the training data. Here is a broad overview of some of the most prominent types of generative models: VAEs, GANs, and autoregressive models.

VAEs

One of the most popular generative models is the VAE. The core idea behind VAE consists of learning a probabilistic mapping between data and a latent space, and vice versa. This means learning how to convert real data into a simplified representation (such as a compressed form) and then back again into data that looks real. VAEs are designed to ensure a high likelihood of the data while preserving a well-structured latent space to enable the generation of new data samples similar to the training data. Some of the most common flavors of VAE are as follows:

  • VAE: The...

Applications of generative AI

Generative AI has innovation capabilities that cover a diverse set of fields. As discussed earlier, industries such as healthcare, finance, education, media and entertainment, marketing, manufacturing, retail, and so on all have the potential to benefit from generative AI capabilities. The following is a survey of only a few of the primary applications of generative AI:

  • Generation of images and videos: Multimodal generative models (that is, LLMs that can handle images, text, audio, and videos) are making it possible to generate realistic audio/visuals through various platforms and tools. For example, in media and entertainment, generative AI can help in generating visual effects, designing avatars, and developing virtual reality content. In the fashion and design industry, it is being used to conceptualize new clothing designs, prepare virtual fashion shows, and make fashion trend predictions. In marketing ads and promotion space, generative AI...

Challenges and limitations of generative AI

Though generative AI has immense benefits, it is not without its own set of challenges and limitations. Some of these challenges and limitations need to be taken into account with a lot of caution while considering a generative AI technology for any particular use case. Here’s a brief discussion of some of the most common caveats related to LLMs and some of the ways to mitigate them.

Quality of data and bias

The generative models are largely aided by the quality and diversity of data in the training dataset. Any model trained with biased or unrepresentative data will reproduce outputs with the same kind of bias, hence solidifying existing biases or allowing marginalization of one or several groups in case of bias in the training data.

One way this challenge can be dealt with is by ensuring richness in diversity, good quality data, and so on for a wide array of perspectives within the dataset itself used for training. As with...

Summary

Generative AI is a rather rapidly growing area, having huge disruptive potential for industries and changing areas of our lives. In contrast, applications of generative AI include very realistic image generation and generation of text, accelerated drug discovery, and enriched creative expression.

One of the key points regarding this is an understanding of the different generative models, such as VAEs, GANs, and autoregressive models, that provide insight into how technologies work and where they can be applied. It would also, however, be important to state the many problems and limitations generative AI faces, including data quality, computational resources, ethical considerations, and even creativity.

In the next chapter, we will learn about the principles of agentic systems, which include the concepts of agency and autonomy, the characteristics of intelligent agents, various architectures of intelligent systems, and multi-agent systems.

Questions

  1. Generative AI models can only take text data as input. True or false?
  2. What are the different types of generative AI models?
  3. What are some of the ethical and social implications of generative AI?
  4. What are some of the methods to mitigate bias in training data?
  5. What are some of the text and content generation open source LLMs?

Answers

  1. False. Generative AI models can take text as well as image, video, and audio data as inputs.
  2. VAEs, GANs, and autoregressive models.
  3. Deepfakes, misinformation, issues with copyright or intellectual property, and job displacements are some of the social and ethical implications of generative AI.
  4. Some of the common methods to address bias in training data are oversampling or undersampling.
  5. Mistral, LLaMA, and Bloom are some of the open source text and content generation LLMs.

Further reading

  • Mastering Machine Learning Algorithms – Second Edition by Giuseppe Bonaccorso
  • Machine Learning for Imbalanced Data by Kumar Abhishek and Dr. Mounir Abdelaziz
  • Generative AI with Python and TensorFlow 2 by Joseph Babcock and Raghav Bali

References

  1. Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes: https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6114
  2. beta-VAE: Learning Basic Visual Concepts with a Constrained Variational Framework: https://openreview.net/forum?id=Sy2fzU9gl
  3. Learning Structured Output Representation using Deep Conditional Generative Models: https://papers.nips.cc/paper_files/paper/2015/hash/8d55a249e6baa5c06772297520da2051-Abstract.html
  4. Generative Adversarial Networks: https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.2661
  5. Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks: https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06434
  6. Wasserstein GAN: https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.07875
  7. A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networks: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8953766
  8. Attention Is All You Need: https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762
  9. Conditional Image Generation with PixelCNN Decoders: https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05328
  10. PixelSNAIL: An Improved Autoregressive Generative Model: https:/...

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Key benefits

  • Understand the foundations and advanced techniques of building intelligent, autonomous AI agents
  • Learn advanced techniques for reflection, introspection, tool use, planning, and collaboration in agentic systems
  • Explore crucial aspects of trust, safety, and ethics in AI agent development and applications
  • Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook

Description

Gain unparalleled insights into the future of AI autonomy with this comprehensive guide to designing and deploying autonomous AI agents that leverage generative AI (GenAI) to plan, reason, and act. Written by industry-leading AI architects and recognized experts shaping global AI standards and building real-world enterprise AI solutions, it explores the fundamentals of agentic systems, detailing how AI agents operate independently, make decisions, and leverage tools to accomplish complex tasks. Starting with the foundations of GenAI and agentic architectures, you’ll explore decision-making frameworks, self-improvement mechanisms, and adaptability. The book covers advanced design techniques, such as multi-step planning, tool integration, and the coordinator, worker, and delegator approach for scalable AI agents. Beyond design, it addresses critical aspects of trust, safety, and ethics, ensuring AI systems align with human values and operate transparently. Real-world applications illustrate how agentic AI transforms industries such as automation, finance, and healthcare. With deep insights into AI frameworks, prompt engineering, and multi-agent collaboration, this book equips you to build next-generation adaptive, scalable AI agents that go beyond simple task execution and act with minimal human intervention.

Who is this book for?

This book is ideal for AI developers, machine learning engineers, and software architects who want to advance their skills in building intelligent, autonomous agents. It's perfect for professionals with a strong foundation in machine learning and programming, particularly those familiar with Python and large language models. While prior experience with generative AI is beneficial, the book covers foundational concepts for those new to agentic systems.

What you will learn

  • Master the core principles of GenAI and agentic systems
  • Understand how AI agents operate, reason, and adapt in dynamic environments
  • Enable AI agents to analyze their own actions and improvise
  • Implement systems where AI agents can leverage external tools and plan complex tasks
  • Apply methods to enhance transparency, accountability, and reliability in AI
  • Explore real-world implementations of AI agents across industries
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Table of Contents

16 Chapters
Part 1: Foundations of Generative AI and Agentic Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Generative AI Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 2: Principles of Agentic Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 3: Essential Components of Intelligent Agents Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Part 2: Designing and Implementing Generative AI-Based Agents Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 4: Reflection and Introspection in Agents Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 5: Enabling Tool Use and Planning in Agents Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 6: Exploring the Coordinator, Worker, and Delegator Approach Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 7: Effective Agentic System Design Techniques Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Part 3: Trust, Safety, Ethics, and Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 8: Building Trust in Generative AI Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 9: Managing Safety and Ethical Considerations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 10: Common Use Cases and Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 11: Conclusion and Future Outlook Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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Seraf Jun 09, 2025
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A very up-to-date book, but missing all about MCPs. A great read as agentic development is all the hype for the moment. Not an easy task to integrate all dictated in the book, but the information is rich in examples to use. A background in ML and AI helps a lot to grasp the book.
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