Spina bifida is a neural tube defect that frequently occurs in families. Spina bifida occurs because of an abnormality of the development of the spinal cord that occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy. Within the first 4 weeks after a fetus is conceived, the backbone and membranes that cover and protect the spinal cord and spine do not form and close properly. This can result in an opening anywhere along the spine and may cause damage to the spinal cord and nerves.
NICHD plays a leading role, along with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in distributing federal funding for spina bifida research. NICHD-supported scientists are investigating genetic, neurological, and environmental variables that cause spina bifida or that influence neurobehavioral outcomes for children with spina bifida. These scientists also are assessing spina bifida's effects on physical and cognitive development in early childhood, developing new diagnostic ultrasound techniques, and studying the advantages of in utero (in the uterus) spinal cord repair for infants with spina bifida.
General Information
Spina bifida is a neural tube defect that occurs because of an abnormality of the development of the spinal cord in the first trimester of pregnancy.
About 1,500 infants are born with spina bifida each year in the United States.
Scientists believe that spina bifida is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, such as the mother’s nutrition.
It is usually detected during pregnancy. Sometimes spina bifida is discovered only after the infant is born, especially if the mother did not have prenatal tests or a clear ultrasound picture.
There is no cure for spina bifida, but there are treatments for a wide array of related conditions.
Yes. Health issues are different for each person with spina bifida.
Treatments vary according to what parts of the body are affected, but often include surgery and medicines.
Research
NICHD conducts and supports research on spina bifida and on many disorders associated with it.
Find a Study
NICHD conducts and supports a variety of clinical research projects related to spina bifida.
More Information
Links to websites of groups that study or provide information about spina bifida.
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